Comparative study of proline accumulation of Some varieties of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) under water Stress Conditions.

Proline accumulation, as a marker of resistance to the abiotic constraints, was evaluated on seventeen genotypes of Durum wheat (Triticum Durum Desf) under water stress conditions. An experiment was implemented at INRAA research station located at Baraki, Algiers. The experimental design adopted is that of split plot design with water regime (irrigated and non irrigated treatments) as main plots and varieties as sub plots and three repetitions. Proline accumulation was significantly increased under water stress (p<0.01). There was differences between varieties and their interaction with water regimes (p<0.001) and 04 groups were identified. When plants are subjected to water stress they increase their rate of proline, this enables to improve the capacity of the cell to maintain it turgor pressure at low water potential. Key words: Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.), Proline accumulation, resistance, water stress

VARIABILITÉ PHÉNOTYPIQUE ET SÉLECTION DES CARACTÈRES AGRONOMIQUES DU BLÉ DUR (Triticum durum Desf.) SOUS CONDITIONS SEMI-ARIDES

Genetic improvement of agronomic traits related to yield performance and adaptation to the production environments is conditioned by the presence of phenotypic variability of the targeted characters in the plant material subjected to selection. This research was conducted to assess the magnitude of phenotypic variability, the heritability and the expected genetic gain of selection of agronomic traits in 18 durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) varieties and segregating lines. The results showed the presence of significant variability for the measured traits. The degree of genetic determination had values greater than 70% for the duration of the vegetative phase and plant height, and below 50% for yield and aboveground biomass. The expected genetic gain ranged from 4.8% for the duration of the vegetative phase to 45.9% for grain yield. Single-character selection identified 6 desirable genotypes which brought increases of 14.9% in harvest index, 3.7 g in 1000 kernel weight, 4.8% in relative water content, and declines of 18.6% in percent cells injury, 2.1 g in yield per plant, 2.1 cm in spike length, and 12.9 grains per spike, and a gain of 1.7 spikes associated to 8.8 g of biomass. Relatively to Bousselam, the check cultivar, the selected lines brought a grain yield advantage ranging from 53.8 to 161.5%. This yield gain is associated with a desirable improvement in heat stress tolerance, and an undesirable reduction in thousand kernel weight. The study of th

Adaptability of Durum Wheat Genotypes (Triticum turgidum L. Var durum) to Contrasted Locations

This investigation was carried out to determine the adaptability patterns of a set of 23 durum wheat (Triticum durumDesf.) genotypes evaluated at four contrasted locations during two cropping seasons. The results indicated that yield varied widely and was significantly affected by year, location, year x location, genotype x location and genotype x location x year interactions, which accounted for 0.8, 63.1, 21.0, 5.8, and 3.40% of the treatment sum square, respectively. The joint regression and the AMMI analyses explained 30.08% and 83.35% of the sum square of the interaction, respectively. The results indicated that tested locations exhibited high interaction and could be grouped into two recommendation domains: Khroub vsTiaret, Setif and Guelma. Genotypes Azeghar-1/3/Mrf-2/Bcr/Gro-1ICD00-0904-H-9AP-AP-1AP-TR, Miki-3ICD94-0994-C-10AP-0AP-2AP-0AP-9AP-0TR and Azeghar-1/Blm//Mrf-2 ICD00-0818-C-18AP-AP-9AP-TRexhibited high yield main effect, and large adaptability to all locations, while Mrf1/Stj2/Bcrch1 ICD99-0027-C-0AP-14AP-AP-9AP-APshowed specific adaptation to Khroub location and Ter-1/3/Stj3/Bcr/Lks-4 ICD99-1036-T-0AP-7AP-AP-3AP-APexpressed a specific adaptation to Tiaret, Setif and Guelmasubregion. Based on nominal yield, selection for specific adaptation achieved 7.87% grain yield gain compared to selection for wide adaptation

MVC-3D: Adaptive Design Pattern for Virtual and Augmented Reality Systems

International audienceIn this paper, we present MVC-3D design pattern to develop virtual and augmented (or mixed) reality interfaces that use new types of sensors, modalities and implement specific algorithms and simulation models. The proposed pattern represents the extension of classic MVC pattern by enriching the View component (interactive View) and adding a specific component (Library). The results obtained on the development of augmented reality interfaces showed that the complexity of M, iV and C components is reduced. The complexity increases only on the Library component (L). This helps the programmers to well structure their models even if the interface complexity increases. The proposed design pattern is also used in a design process called MVC-3D in the loop that enables a seamless evolution from initial prototype to the final system

Low-cost VR Collaborative System equipped with Haptic Feedback

International audienceIn this paper, we present a low-cost virtual reality (VR) collaborative system equipped with a haptic feedback sensation system. This system is composed of a Kinect sensor for bodies and gestures detection, a microcontroller and vibrators to simulate outside interactions, and smartphone powered cardboard, all of this are put into a network implemented with Unity 3D game engine. CCS CONCEPTS • Interaction paradigms → Virtual reality; Collaborative interaction; • Hardware → Sensors and actuators; Wireless devices; KEYWORDS collaborative virtual reality, haptic feedback system

Augmented reality for underwater activities with the use of the DOLPHYN

International audienceThe objective of this work is to introduce Augmented and Mixed Reality technologies in aquatic leisure activities. We have proposed a new device which is autonomous, mobile and easily transportable by one person. It can also be easily installed, equipped with GPS and wireless systems, and has positive buoyancy. The device will be used at water surface as well as underwater using a tuba. Moreover, the device is equipped with one (can be upgraded for more) video camera pointing downwards. Augmented Reality contents combining actual underwater images with 3D animated images will be one of the preferred ways to use the device