Testosterone increase in free-living young Blackcaps <i>Sylvia atricapilla</i> and Wood Warblers <i>Phylloscopus sibilatrix</i> during post-juvenile molt with possible implications for juvenile dispersal

Testosterone may affect many aspects of passerine maturation including the expression of plumage coloration and spring migration in adult birds. However, how the testosterone level changes during bird development is not well known. We compared the testosterone profile during juvenile development of a sexually dimorphic species, the Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, and a monomorphic species, the Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix. We first tested whether testosterone influences plumage coloration and increases at the onset of molt in males of the dimorphic but not the monomorphic species. We found that a testosterone level increase occurred in both sexes and species during later stages of molt, and thus was not related to male plumage coloration. We also investigated whether the increase in testosterone level coincides with juvenile dispersal. If testosterone affects dispersal behavior in these species, both sexes should show an elevated testosterone level during dispersal, but this increase should occur earlier in the Wood Warbler, which disperses earlier than the Blackcap. In juvenile Blackcaps, the increase in testosterone level occurred on the 43-68th day after hatching, while in Wood Warblers it occurred on the 32-36th day (i.e. 11-32 days earlier). The increase in testosterone level coincided with the onset of the post-juvenile dispersal in both species. This study provides the first direct evidence of a testosterone level increase during juvenile development in two free-living migratory birds. While not correlated with species plumage coloration, this increase might affect other aspects of behavior, e.g. juvenile dispersal

PEMANFAATAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS UNTUK MENGEVALUASI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN TERHADAP FUNGSI KAWASAN PADA RENCANA DETAIL TATA RUAN KOTA (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Blimbing Kota Malang)

Rencana Detail Tata Ruang Kota adalah suatu rencana pemanfaatan ruang kota secara rinci yang tersusun untuk perwujudan ruang dalam rangka pelaksanaan program-program pembangunan kota. Di dalam menganalisis perkembangan suatu kota maka pada dasarnya kota tersebut dapat dipandang sebagai suatu paradigma model fisik yang memiliki sifat dinamis dengan interaksi dari berbagai unsur pembentuk kota, seperti penduduk, kegiatan penduduk, serta potensi-potensi yang terkandung di dalam lingkungan fisiknya sehingga akan menciptakan suatu dinamika pada sistem dan struktur kota tersebut. Pada umumnya kedinamisan suatu wilayah Perkotaan tampak seiring dengan perubahan-perubahan maupun pergeseran-pergeseran pada struktur kota, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kota pada hakekatnya merupakan manifestasi kebutuhan ruang sebagai akibat perkembangan kebudayaan manusia/penduduk wilayah kota yang bersangkutan

Mise au point myelopathie cervicarthrosique revelee par un syndrome occlusif intestinal: a propos d’un cas

Agression chronique du cordon médullaire cervical d'origine dégénérative par sténose compressive, la myélopathie cervicarthrosique s'installe souvent progressivement et rarement de façon aigu lors de traumatisme du rachis cervical.Nous rapportons un cas de décompensation aigue simulant une occlusion intestinale aigue chez un patient de 45ans.Mots clés: Myélopathie, occlusion intestinaleEnglish Title: Degenerative cervical myelopathy revealed by intestinal obstruction: a case reportEnglish AbstractDegenerative cervical myelopathy is a progressive spinal cord disease caused by mecanical compression from different structure of a spinal stenosis in pathologics conditions which brings histological damade. In addition acut myelopathy is frequently revealed by cervical spine injury with dynamic injury mechanism.We repport a case of acute decompensation of cervical myelopathy feigning intestinal obstruction with a man olded 45years.Keywords: Myelopathy, intestinal obstructio

Testosterone increase in free-living young Blackcaps <i>Sylvia atricapilla</i> and Wood Warblers <i>Phylloscopus sibilatrix</i> during post-juvenile molt with possible implications for juvenile dispersal

Testosterone may affect many aspects of passerine maturation including the expression of plumage coloration and spring migration in adult birds. However, how the testosterone level changes during bird development is not well known. We compared the testosterone profile during juvenile development of a sexually dimorphic species, the Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla, and a monomorphic species, the Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix. We first tested whether testosterone influences plumage coloration and increases at the onset of molt in males of the dimorphic but not the monomorphic species. We found that a testosterone level increase occurred in both sexes and species during later stages of molt, and thus was not related to male plumage coloration. We also investigated whether the increase in testosterone level coincides with juvenile dispersal. If testosterone affects dispersal behavior in these species, both sexes should show an elevated testosterone level during dispersal, but this increase should occur earlier in the Wood Warbler, which disperses earlier than the Blackcap. In juvenile Blackcaps, the increase in testosterone level occurred on the 43-68th day after hatching, while in Wood Warblers it occurred on the 32-36th day (i.e. 11-32 days earlier). The increase in testosterone level coincided with the onset of the post-juvenile dispersal in both species. This study provides the first direct evidence of a testosterone level increase during juvenile development in two free-living migratory birds. While not correlated with species plumage coloration, this increase might affect other aspects of behavior, e.g. juvenile dispersal.</p