37 research outputs found
Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ‘Π’Π―Π₯ ΠΠΠΠ«Π¨ΠΠΠΠ― ΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π ΠΠ Π ΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ―Π₯ ΠΠΠͺΠΠΠΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ¦ΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠ¦ΠΠ 131I Π‘Π¦ΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ―Π¦ΠΠΠΠΠ«ΠΠ Ξ³-Π‘ΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠΠ’Π ΠΠΠ
The main problem of measuring the 131I volume concentration (364-keV g-line) with gamma spectrometers with low-resolution scintillation detectors (NaI:Tl, CsI:Tl) is due to the overlap with the Compton edge (384 keV) from the attendant radiation of 76As. The problem can be largely eliminated by improving the energy resolution of the spectrometer, increasing the volume of the crystal, or using an anti-Compton spectrometer. Using the Monte Carlo simulation (GEANT4 package), the last two methods of increasing the contrast of instrumental energy spectra were investigated. It was found that an 8-fold increase in the scintillator volume improves the ratio of the 131I peak area to the area of the Compton continuum below it from the 76As radiation only by 1.42 times. Therefore, the main attention was paid to the comparative studies of the constructions of anti-Compton detectors based on CsI:Tl crystals in a detector-analyzer and a detector-protector. Several designs of anti-Compton detectors suitable for harsh application conditions at nuclear power plants were proposed. In the first of them, the protector crystal is in the form of a disk with a diameter equal to the diameter of the crystal analyzer, and in the second - in the form of a "glass" put on the crystal analyzer. The thickness of the protector crystals in both cases was 10 mm. The expected improvement in contrast with respect to the single-crystal design was up to 3 or more times. Modern nuclear electronics and computers make possible the successful application of this method in industrial spectrometric installations. The contrast of the resulting spectra could be increased by an order of magnitude or more in comparison with the simple anticoincidence spectra.Key words: energy resolution, peak of full absorption, g-lines, Compton scattering, anticoincidence, detector-analyzer, detector-protector.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2017.21.3.002Β Maxim P. Belousov, Oleg V. Ignatyev, Eugenia A. Kupchinskaya, Anton V. Kupchinsky, Sergey G. Morozov, Aleksey A. PulinΒ Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsinul. Mira, 19, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russian FederationΒ ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ 131I (g-Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡ 364 ΠΊΡΠ) Π³Π°ΠΌΠΌΠ°-ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (NaI:Tl, CsI:Tl) ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌ (384 ΠΊΡΠ) ΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠΏΡΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 76As. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ Π² Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ°. Π‘ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅-ΠΠ°ΡΠ»ΠΎ (ΠΏΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Ρ GEANT4) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π΄Π²Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ². ΠΡΡΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ 8-ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΠΊΠ° 131I ΠΊ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡ ΠΈΠ·Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ 76As Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π² 1.42 ΡΠ°Π·Π°. ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² CsI:Tl Π² Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ΅-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ΅-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ²,Β ΠΏΡΠΈΠ³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΠΠ‘. Π ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΡΠΌ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡΠ°, Π° Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ β Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ βΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°Π½Π°β, Π½Π°Π΄Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡ. Π’ΠΎΠ»ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π²Π½Π° 10 ΠΌΠΌ. ΠΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Β ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·. ΠΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π΄ΡΡ
Π΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΡΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Π° 131I. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ 1960-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΡΡΠΈΠΉ Π²ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ (Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ) ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ° ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ. Π‘ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Β Π΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ.Β ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°:ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅, ΠΏΠΈΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, g-Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅, Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΎΡ, Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡ-ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΡDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2017.21.3.00
The first experience of a hybrid approach in the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in clinical practice and is associated with an increased risk of death, progression of heart failure, and the development of cardiogenic thromboemboli. Despite the significant success in the management of AF in the paroxysmal form, the results of the treatment for patients with persistent forms of AF remain unsatisfactory. Though the surgical approach provides higher rates of efficiency regarding the restoration of a sinus rhythm, transmural lesions are not always attainable, as a result, the rate of AF recurrence in the long-term period remains fairly high. It is also impossible to create ablative patterns to the mitral and tricuspid valves during thoracoscopic epicardial ablation, which can cause the development of recurrent AF, perimitral and typical atrial flutter. Therefore, the development of hybrid approaches combining the advantages of catheter and thoracoscopic techniques is an urgent task of contemporary surgical and interventional arrhythmology.
Aims: to estimate the immediate results of a hybrid approach in the management of patients with persistent AF.
Methods: We report the first experience of a hybrid treatment of patients with persistent AF. 6 patients aged 53-64 years (1 female, 5 males) were included in the study. At the first stage, thoracoscopic epicardial bipolar ablation was performed (modified GALAXY protocol); the second stage (in 3 to 6 months after the thoracoscopic stage) included an intracardiac electrophysiological study with three-dimensional endocardial mapping followed by endocardial ablation.
Results: The thoracoscopic stage of the hybrid treatment included ablation according to the box lesion scheme using a bipolar irrigation equipment. No lethal outcomes and severe, life-threatening complications were registered. The duration of the inpatient period was 510 hospital-days. The 2nd stage of the hybrid treatment was limited to intracardiac electrophysiological examination only in 2 patients. In 4 patients, epicardial radiofrequency ablation was complemented by endocardial radiofrequency exposure. In 3 of the 4 patients who underwent endocardial radiofrequency ablation, catheter ablation of the mitral and cavotricuspid isthmus was required because of the induction of perimitral and typical flutter, respectively. After the 2nd stage of the hybrid treatment, at the time of discharge all the patients maintained a stable sinus rhythm. There were no severe complications or lethal outcomes.
Conclusion: a hybrid approach in the AF management is a safe and effective method of treatment, which combines the advantages of minimally invasive surgery and endocardial intervention in patients with persistent AF. The technique is safe and has acceptable short-term results
Formation Nanocrystalline Phases of Palladium and Platinum on a Carbon Support in Autoclave Conditions
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-
ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ 170 Β°Π‘. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ
Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ
ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉDecomposition products of platinum and palladium in ammonia- alkaline solutions under autoclave
conditions at a temperature of 170 Β°C were characterized by electron microscopy method, gas
adsorption and X-ray diffraction. It is established that as a result of thermolysis the fine-dispersed
powders of platinum and palladium are formed. The possibility of forming of platinum and palladium
metal nanoparticles on the surfaces of various carbon substrates under autoclave conditions is shown.
The distribution of metal particles on the surface of carbon substrates were investigated by electron
microscopy metho
Interaction of Rhodium with Chloro-Complexes of Palladium at Elevated Temperatures
Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ 130 ΠΈ 180 Β°Π‘. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ (0), ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ-
ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈPowders of superfine rhodium with mono- and polyblock structures were obtained. The processes
of coarsening of nanodispersed rhodium crystallites were investigated in detail at 130 and 180 Β°C.
In muriatic solutions, dissolution of metal rhodium was found to occur. It was connected with the
presence of chemisorbed oxygen at its surface. The possibility of formation of rhodium-palladium
substitutional solid solutions on the electrolytic precipitation was firstly establishe
Formation Nanocrystalline Phases of Palladium and Platinum on a Carbon Support in Autoclave Conditions
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ, Π³Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π΄ΡΠΎΡΠ±ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-
ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ΅ 170 Β°Π‘. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ
Π² ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΠΈ
ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
.
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉDecomposition products of platinum and palladium in ammonia- alkaline solutions under autoclave
conditions at a temperature of 170 Β°C were characterized by electron microscopy method, gas
adsorption and X-ray diffraction. It is established that as a result of thermolysis the fine-dispersed
powders of platinum and palladium are formed. The possibility of forming of platinum and palladium
metal nanoparticles on the surfaces of various carbon substrates under autoclave conditions is shown.
The distribution of metal particles on the surface of carbon substrates were investigated by electron
microscopy metho
Interaction of Rhodium with Chloro-Complexes of Palladium at Elevated Temperatures
Π‘ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎ- ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ.
ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΡΠΏΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈ 130 ΠΈ 180 Β°Π‘. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ
ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ (0), ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ
Ρ
Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ±ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎΠ΄Π°. ΠΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΉ-
ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈPowders of superfine rhodium with mono- and polyblock structures were obtained. The processes
of coarsening of nanodispersed rhodium crystallites were investigated in detail at 130 and 180 Β°C.
In muriatic solutions, dissolution of metal rhodium was found to occur. It was connected with the
presence of chemisorbed oxygen at its surface. The possibility of formation of rhodium-palladium
substitutional solid solutions on the electrolytic precipitation was firstly establishe
Autoclave Synthesis Pd-Au and Pd-Pt Nanoparticles on Carbon Substrates
ΠΠΈΠ΄ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Ρ
Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ(II) Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΈ
170 Β°C Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ-ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ. Π‘ΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ
ΡΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π·.
ΠΠ·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ-ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° (III)
ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ (IV) ΠΏΡΠΈ 130 Β°C ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π±ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Pd-Au ΠΈ Pd-Pt Π½Π° ΡΠ³Π»Π΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
. Π Π΅Π½ΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π° ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΠΉ-Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ Π·Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ. Π£ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠ° (III)
ΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ (IV) Π² ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°Π»Π»Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²Palladium-carbon composite material was synthesized by hydrothermal reduction of tetraammin
palladium chloride (II) in alkaline media at 170 Β° C. Morphology and size of the metal phase were
investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Bimetallic particles Pd-Au and Pt-Pd on carbon
substrates were prepared by interaction of palladium-carbon materials with muriatic solutions of
gold(III) and platinum (IV) at 130 Β°C. It is found that varying contents of gold (III) and platinum (IV)
in solution and the palladium metal in the initial composite may be prepared material with different
ratios of metals. The phase of a palladium-gold is a substitutional solid solution was shown by X-ray
diffractio
Precipitation of Platinum Group Metals from Solutions of Precious Metals Refinery
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²,
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ°, Π² ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π°. ΠΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ·
ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΈFeasibility of precipitation of platinum group metals from solutions formed during the process
of refining was considered in this work. It is of importance for reextracting valuable components
and reduction of the volume of work-in-process. Particular attention has been given to the task of
precipitation of iridium from waste solutions of precious metals refiner
Distribution and morphology of mud volcanoes and other fluid flow-related lake-bed structures in Lake Baikal, Russia
New high-resolution multibeam bathymetry data recorded in 2009 in the deepest lake in the World, Lake Baikal, Siberia, enabled a better understanding of the morphology of ten known lake-bed structures-the Bolshoy, Malenki, Malyutka and Stari mud volcanoes in the South Baikal Basin, the K1-4 structures in the Selenga delta, and the Novosibirsk and St. Petersburg structures in the Central Baikal Basin-and also the discovery of 29 new lake-bed structures. These new structures are the S1, Tolstiy, mTSG and S2 in the South Baikal Basin, the P1-P4, P6-P19 and K5-K8 in the Selenga delta accommodation zone, and the C1, C3 and C4 edifices in the Central Baikal Basin. In all, 39 positive relief structures were identified and their large-scale distribution mapped. Based on their typical shape, the observation of high-reflectivity areas on side-scan sonar data records, and evidence of feeder channels on subsurface data, these structures can be classified as mud volcanoes. This has already been confirmed in other publications for the Bolshoy, Malenki and K2 structures, by the recovery of mud breccias in sediment cores. Most structures occur on or near faults and have orientations parallel with the major faults and main stress orientations in the basins, suggesting a strong structural control on the formation of the mud volcanoes. Their slopes are generally steeper than 5A degrees, consistent with interpretation as mud cones formed by high-viscosity, stiff mud plugs. Only few structures appear to be characterised by a crater, in which case this apparent crater seems to be formed by the coalescence of several single cones, leaving a depression in the centre. Some structures have a moat, which has probably an erosional origin. Furthermore, three depressions have been found, named P5, P20 and C2, which are suggested to be pockmarks