9,350 research outputs found
Case Report Case Reports That Illustrate the Efficacy of SGLT2 Inhibitors in the Type 1 Diabetic Patient
SGLT2 inhibitors are only approved for use in adults with type 2 diabetes. However, because SGLT2 inhibitors have a mechanism of action that does not require the presence of endogenous insulin, these drugs should also be efficacious in type 1 diabetes where endogenous insulin production is greatly reduced or absent. Herein, I present five cases which illustrate the benefits of utilizing an SGLT2 inhibitor with type 1 diabetes. In these cases the use of SGLT2 inhibitors resulted not only in better glycemic control in most patients but also in some patients' less hypoglycemia, weight loss, and decreased doses of insulin. In type 1 diabetes Candida albicans vaginitis and balanitis may occur more frequently than in type 2 diabetes. These cases show that a large randomized clinical trial of SGLT2 inhibitors in type 1 diabetes needs to be performed
Quantum Computation and Spin Physics
A brief review is given of the physical implementation of quantum computation
within spin systems or other two-state quantum systems. The importance of the
controlled-NOT or quantum XOR gate as the fundamental primitive operation of
quantum logic is emphasized. Recent developments in the use of quantum
entanglement to built error-robust quantum states, and the simplest protocol
for quantum error correction, are discussed.Comment: 21 pages, Latex, 3 eps figures, prepared for the Proceedings of the
Annual MMM Meeting, November, 1996, to be published in J. Appl. Phy
GHOSTS I: A New Faint very Isolated Dwarf Galaxy at D = 12 +/- 2 Mpc
We report the discovery of a new faint dwarf galaxy, GHOSTS I, using HST/ACS
data from one of our GHOSTS (Galaxy Halos, Outer disks, Substructure, Thick
disk, and Star clusters) fields. Its detected individual stars populate an
approximately one magnitude range of its luminosity function (LF). Using
synthetic color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) to compare with the galaxy's CMD, we
find that the colors and magnitudes of GHOSTS I's individual stars are most
consistent with being young helium-burning and asymptotic giant branch stars at
a distance of 12 +/- 2 Mpc. Morphologically, GHOSTS I appears to be actively
forming stars, so we tentatively classify it as a dwarf irregular (dIrr)
galaxy, although future HST observations deep enough to resolve a larger
magnitude range in its LF are required to make a more secure classification.
GHOSTS I's absolute magnitude is , making it one
of the least luminous dIrr galaxies known, and its metallicity is lower than
[Fe/H] =-1.5 dex. The half-light radius of GHOSTS I is 226 +/- 38 pc and its
ellipticity is 0.47 +/- 0.07, similar to Milky Way and M31 dwarf satellites at
comparable luminosity. There are no luminous massive galaxies or galaxy
clusters within ~ 4 Mpc from GHOSTS I that could be considered as its host,
making it a very isolated dwarf galaxy in the Local Universe.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap
Recommended from our members
Ion-sculpting of Nanopores in Amorphous Metals, Semiconductors and Insulators
We report the closure of nanopores to single-digit nanometer dimensions by ion sculpting in a range of amorphous materials including insulators (SiO and SiN), semiconductors (a-Si), and metallic glasses (PdSi) â the building blocks of a single-digit nanometer electronic device. Ion irradiation of nanopores in crystalline materials (Pt and Ag) does not cause nanopore closure. Ion irradiation of c-Si pores below 100â°C and above 600â°C, straddling the amorphous-crystalline dynamic transition temperature, yields closure at the lower temperature but no mass transport at the higher temperature. Ion beam nanosculpting appears to be restricted to materials that either are or become amorphous during ion irradiation.Engineering and Applied SciencesPhysic
Core Collapse via Coarse Dynamic Renormalization
In the context of the recently developed "equation-free" approach to
computer-assisted analysis of complex systems, we extract the self-similar
solution describing core collapse of a stellar system from numerical
experiments. The technique allows us to side-step the core "bounce" that occurs
in direct N-body simulations due to the small-N correlations that develop in
the late stages of collapse, and hence to follow the evolution well into the
self-similar regime.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
KOI-3890: A high mass-ratio asteroseismic red-giantM-dwarf eclipsing binary undergoing heartbeat tidal interactions
KOI-3890 is a highly eccentric, 153-day period eclipsing, single-lined
spectroscopic binary system containing a red-giant star showing solar-like
oscillations alongside tidal interactions. The combination of transit
photometry, radial velocity observations, and asteroseismology have enabled the
detailed characterisation of both the red-giant primary and the M-dwarf
companion, along with the tidal interaction and the geometry of the system. The
stellar parameters of the red-giant primary are determined through the use of
asteroseismology and grid-based modelling to give a mass and radius of
and
respectively. When combined with
transit photometry the M-dwarf companion is found to have a mass and radius of
and
. Moreover, through
asteroseismology we constrain the age of the system through the red-giant
primary to be . This provides a constraint on
the age of the M-dwarf secondary, which is difficult to do for other M-dwarf
binary systems. In addition, the asteroseismic analysis yields an estimate of
the inclination angle of the rotation axis of the red-giant star of
degrees. The obliquity of the system\textemdash the
angle between the stellar rotation axis and the angle normal to the orbital
plane\textemdash is also derived to give degrees
showing that the system is consistent with alignment. We observe no radius
inflation in the M-dwarf companion when compared to current low-mass stellar
models.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
A Bell Inequality Analog in Quantum Measure Theory
One obtains Bell's inequalities if one posits a hypothetical joint
probability distribution, or {\it measure}, whose marginals yield the
probabilities produced by the spin measurements in question. The existence of a
joint measure is in turn equivalent to a certain causality condition known as
``screening off''. We show that if one assumes, more generally, a joint {\it
quantal measure}, or ``decoherence functional'', one obtains instead an
analogous inequality weaker by a factor of . The proof of this
``Tsirel'son inequality'' is geometrical and rests on the possibility of
associating a Hilbert space to any strongly positive quantal measure. These
results lead both to a {\it question}: ``Does a joint measure follow from some
quantal analog of `screening off'?'', and to the {\it observation} that
non-contextual hidden variables are viable in histories-based quantum
mechanics, even if they are excluded classically.Comment: 38 pages, TeX. Several changes and added comments to bring out the
meaning more clearly. Minor rewording and extra acknowledgements, now closer
to published versio
Recommended from our members
Over the moon or sick as a parrot? The effects of football results on a club's share price
International audienceThis paper considers the impact of match results on the stock returns of English football clubs. We propose that the magnitude of the response to a given result depends on the importance of the game, which is measured in two ways. First, we consider the extent to which the clubs are close rivals vying for similar league positions, as winning such games is particularly significant. Second, we argue that each individual game becomes more important for those clubs likely to be promoted or relegated as the season draws to a close, since a given match will have increasing information content concerning the final league position of the club. Using a fairly large panel comprising data for 19 clubs, we find some support for the notion that stock prices are more affected by the results of important matches than matches of lesser importance. We also observe that the difference between the number of points the club secures from a given match, and the number it was expected to secure, affects its stock price, as does the number of goals that the club under question scores in the match, relative to its competitor
Super-Reflection in Fluid Discs: Corotation Amplifier, Corotation Resonance, Rossby Waves, and Overstable Modes
In differentially rotating discs with no self-gravity, density waves cannot
propagate around the corotation, where the wave pattern rotation speed equals
the fluid rotation rate. Waves incident upon the corotation barrier may be
super-reflected (commonly referred to as corotation amplifier), but the
reflection can be strongly affected by wave absorptions at the corotation
resonance/singularity. The sign of the absorption is related to the Rossby wave
zone very near the corotation radius. We derive the explicit expressions for
the complex reflection and transmission coefficients, taking into account wave
absorption at the corotation resonance. We show that for generic discs, this
absorption plays a much more important role than wave transmission across the
corotation barrier. Depending on the sign of the gradient of the specific
vorticity of the disc the corotation resonance can either enhance or diminish
the super-reflectivity, and this can be understood in terms of the location of
the Rossby wave zone relative to the corotation radius. Our results provide the
explicit conditions (in terms of disc thickness, rotation profile and specific
vorticity gradient) for which super-reflection can be achieved. Global
overstable disc modes may be possible for discs with super-reflection at the
corotation barrier.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS in pres
Relaxation times of unstable states in systems with long range interactions
We consider several models with long-range interactions evolving via
Hamiltonian dynamics. The microcanonical dynamics of the basic Hamiltonian Mean
Field (HMF) model and perturbed HMF models with either global anisotropy or an
on-site potential are studied both analytically and numerically. We find that
in the magnetic phase, the initial zero magnetization state remains stable
above a critical energy and is unstable below it. In the dynamically stable
state, these models exhibit relaxation time scales that increase algebraically
with the number of particles, indicating the robustness of the
quasistationary state seen in previous studies. In the unstable state, the
corresponding time scale increases logarithmically in .Comment: Minor change
- âŠ