Prenatal effects by exposing to amoxicillin on dental enamel in Wistar rats

Amoxicillin is an antibiotic widely prescribed; its most frequent side effects are gastrointestinal disorders and hypersensitivity reactions. Over the last 10 years studies have been published which suggest that amoxicillin may cause dental alterations similar to dental fluorosis. Never the less, the results are not conclusive, this is why it was planned the need to make controlled studies on test animals. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect produced by amoxicillin prenatal administration on dental enamel in Wistar rats. Study Design: 12 pregnant adult rats were used distributed into five different groups: witness control (n=2) didn't get any treatment; negative control (n=2) they were prescribed with saline solution; positive control (n=3) they were prescribed with tetracycline 130 mg/kg, and two groups (n=3 and n=2) treated with amoxicillin doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg respectively. The treatments were daily administered by mouth, from the 6th gestation day to the end of gestation. Twenty five days after they were born, the offspring were sacrificed with a sodium pentobarbital overdose, the mandible was dissected and the first lower molars were gotten. The samples were fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution and clinically and histologically observed to determine any enamel disorders. Results: hypomineralization was observed in every single sample of the tetracyclic and amoxicillin treated group 100 mg/kg, meanwhile only 50% from the group administered with 50 mg/kg amoxicillin showed this histological disorder. Conclusions: the side effect caused by amoxicillin on dental enamel was doses dependent

NIVELES EXTRACELULARES DE GLUTAMATO Y ASPARTATO EN EL FLUIDO GINGIVAL EN LA PERIODONTITIS

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar los niveles extracelulares de glutamato y aspartato en el fluido del surco gingival (GCF) de personas adultas, en la periodontitis crónica localizada inducida por placa (PCIP) y la gingivitis inducida por placa (GIP) La enfermedad periodontal produce cambios inflamatorios en los tejidos de sostén de las piezas dentales afectadas. El análisis químico del GCF, con diferentes métodos de colección y análisis, ha sido usado para determinar la presencia de algunos elementos inflamatorios que aparecen en la enfermedad periodontal, tales como diversas enzimas, aminoácidos, etc. Las muestras del GCF se tomaron con la técnica de microdiálisis en las zonas dentales con PCIP con una profundidad del surco > 3 mm; pérdida de soporte > 2mm y en las zonas dentales con GIP en el mismo paciente (n=10) Total de muestras: 100. Para medir el glutamato y aspartato en el GCF se usó la técnica de electroforesis capilar acoplada a laser con detección inducida por fluorescencia (CZE-LIFD). Los resultados mostraron que en los dientes con PCIP el glutamato disminuyó (p<0.05) y el aspartato aumentó (p< 0.02) en comparación con los dientes con GIP.AbstractThe objective of this work was to compare glutamate and aspartate levels in periodontal chronic localized disease (PCIP) and dental zones with gingivitis (GIP) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Periodontal inflammation produces histological changes, increase of blood irrigation and also increase of subgingival fluid. GCF was recognized as an inflammatory exudes derived from the periodontal tissue. Different methods to collect and analyze GCF samples had been used to identify some substances in the GCF, such as the proteinglycans metabolite, to be a possible marker of active periodontal disease. A combination of microdialysis in situ in dental zones with PCIP (probing depth > 3 mm; attachment level > 2 mm) and dental zones with GIP (n=10), total samples: 100, and capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to a laser induced fluorescence detection (CZE-LIFD) was used to measure extracellular concentrations of amino acids: glutamate and aspartate in the GCF in adult patients The results showed that glutamate decrease (p<0.05) and aspartate increase (p<0.02) in PCIP disease zones compared with dental zones with GIP. We observed chemical in vivo evidence that differentiate the GIP zones and PCIP zones

VERRUGAS VULGARES BUCALES MÚLTIPLES. REPORTE DE UN CASO

Los virus de papiloma humano son un grupo de virus con genoma de ácido dexosiribonucleico, los cuales necesitan una célula hospedera para reproducirse y multiplicarse. La infección por el virus papiloma humano se ha asociado con lesiones epiteliales hiperplasicas, papilomatosas y carcinomas verrugosos en la piel y en diferentes tipos de mucosas, incluyendo el tracto anogenital, uretra y las mucosas traqueobronquial, nasal, de la laringe y de la cavidad bucal. En la actualidad se han descrito alrededor de 100 tipos de virus papiloma humano. Las verrugas comunes o verrugas vulgares son lesiones de la infancia producidas por los virus papiloma humano 2, 4, y 40, se presentan como nodulos benignos elevados y firmes con proyecciones papilomatosas características en la superficie. El sitio más común de aparición es en la piel de los dedos. Las lesiones orales son relativamente raras y usualmente causadas por autoinoculación a partir de las lesiones de dedos y manos. Nosotros reportamos un caso de múltiples verrugas vulgares bucales, en una niña de 12 años sin lesiones semejantes en ninguna otra zona del cuerpo.Abstract:The human papilloma viruses with desoxyribonucleic acid genome which need a host cell for their reproduction and multiplication. The human papilloma virus infection has been associated to epithelium hyperplastic, papillomas and verrucous carcinoma lesions on the skin and differents kind of mucous. Including anogenital tract, uretra and tracheobronquial, nasal, lariyngeal and oral mucous. Currently, about 100 kinds of human papilloma viruses have been described. The common wart or verruca vulgaris are lesions of childhood caused by HPV 2, 4, and 40. These are benign, elevated, firm nodules with characteristic papillomatous surface projections. The most common site of occurrence is the finger. Oral lesions are relatively rare and are usually caused by auto inoculation from lesions on the fingers and hands. We here with report a case of oral verruca vulgaris that occurred in a middle-aged individual without any wart like lesions elsewhere in the body

MUCINOSIS BUCAL FOCAL - REPORTE DE UN CASO

Mucinosis are dermatosis characterised by mucin deposit on the dermis. Mucinosis in the oral cavity are not frequent and until this date 38 cases have been reported in literature. Clinically it is presented as an asymptomatic elevation, of firm consistency, more frequently localized in the gum or alveolar mucous. A 19 year old patient case was reported. He had a voluminous mass with an edema aspect, a smooth surface, localized on the vestibular gum between 23 and 24, firm consistency, painless and with three years evolution, with a pyogenic granuloma or gingival hyperplasia alleged diagnose. After the biopsy sample was taken, the hystopatological study revealed fibrillar processes of a mixoid aspect and inflammatory cell accumulations consisting of neutrophiles, lymphocytes, plasmocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes. A focused oral mucinosis and gingivitis was definitively diagnosed. No recurrence was observed after it was removed. KEY WORDS: Mucinosis, focused oral mucinosis, gingival growth, gingival hyperplasiaRESUMENLas mucinosis son dermatosis caracterizadas por el depósito de mucina en la dermis. La mucinosis en la cavidad bucal es poco frecuente y hasta la fecha se han reportado en la literatura 38 casos. Clínicamente se presenta como una elevación asintomática, de consistencia firme, localizada con mayor frecuencia en la encía y en la mucosa alveolar. Se reporta el caso de una paciente de 19 años de edad que presentaba una masa voluminosa de aspecto edematoso, superficie lisa, localizada en la encía vestibular entre 23 y 24, de consistencia firma, indolora y de tres años de evolución, con diagnóstico presuntivo de granuloma piógeno o hiperplasia gingival. El estudio de la biopsia reveló procesos fibrilares de aspecto mixoide y acúmulos de células inflamatorias consistentes en neutrófilos, linfocitos, plasmocitos y leucocitos polimorfonucleares. Se estableció el diagnóstico definitivo de mucinosis bucal focal y gingivitis. No se ha observado recurrencia un año después de su remoción. PALABRAS CLAVE: Mucinosis, mucinosis bucal focal, agrandamiento gingival, hiperplasia gingival