Sociologie de la traduction (1927) de The murder of Roger Ackroyd (1926) d'Agatha Christie dans le champ français du roman policier

The thesis analyses the sociological determinations of the French translation of Agatha Christie's detective novel The Murder of Roger Ackroyd. The novel published in English in 1926 and translated into French in 1927 by Miriam Dou-Desportes is the first of a long list published in the new collection ±Le Masque» (1927) established by Albert Pigasse at the Librairie des Champs Élysées. In the thesis, the sociological theory of Pierre Bourdieu adapted to translation is applied. The habitus, field, symbolic capital and illusio are discussed concerning The Murder of Roger Ackroyd, the author and the translator, the detective novel field and the considerable legitimacy built up from this novel. Their contrastive analysis submit some sociological hypotheses on the way Agatha Christie's novel was translated in France in the 1920s and the impact of the English author's work in France in spite of the defects of its translation

Mechanical and Tribological Behaviors of Nanocomposite Titanium Nitrides Coatings

TiN coatings with a thickness of 2 μm were deposited using the magnetron sputtering has developed rapidly over the last decade in such a way that it has become an established process of choice for the deposition of a wide range in various applications for different domains as it gives excellent performance in many aspects. In view of this, we have deposited the TiN coatings by magnetron sputtering using Ti target at different nitrogen content to study the influence of the nitrogen content on the mechanical properties and tribological behaviors of the TiN coatings were systematically investigated using nanoindentation and a pin-on-disk tribometer. Nanoindentation results shows that the hardness and Young's modulus of the TiN coatings increase with increasing N content in the coatings.Wear test results indicate that the wear rate and friction coefficient of the XC100 steel substrate were significantly reduced by deposition of the TiN coatings, and the tribological behaviors of the TiN coatings are strongly dependent on the nitrogen content in the coatings

Relationship between structure, surface topography and tribo-mechanical behavior of Ti-N thin films elaborated at different N2 flow rates

Titanium nitride films were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on Si (100) wafers, glass and Ti6Al4V substrates. The film deposition was carried out in a gas mixture of Ar and N2. The nitrogen content was varied between 0 and 30 % of the total gas mixture. This variation led to the formation of different films with different microstructures. The microstructure of the Ti-N coatings presented nanocomposites with a low tendency to surface oxidation. From a pure Ti to tetragonal Ti2N and cubic Ti-N microstructures, the films showed a (111) TiN plane growth that led to an increase in the lattice strain and a decrease in the grain size when increasing the nitrogen flow rate. The water-film contact angle measurements showed that the surface hydrophobicity increased with the increase of nitrogen content in the film. Mechanical properties were measured and a strong dependence between microstructure and hardness was found. The Ti-N deposited under 20 % of N2 exhibited the highest hardness, the best adhesion and wear resistance, and the lowest friction coefficient with the presence of (111) fiber texture

Investigations théorique et expérimentale sur la dynamique non linéaire des particules chargées dans les anneaux de stockage de troisième génération

L'objectif principal de ce travail est d'étudier la dynamique non linéaire des particules chargées dans les anneaux de stockage de troisième génération. La complexité de tels systèmes restreint l'approche à une particule, utilisée dans les codes de simulation, à ses limites de validité lorsqu'elle est comparée au centre de charge du faisceau dans un anneau réel. Une étude à la fois théorique et expérimentale a été mise en place où les prédictions théoriques ont été principalement effectuées pour le synchrotron SOLEIL et les expériences conduites sur trois sources de troisième génération existantes, BESSY II (Allemagne), l'ESRF (France) et SLS (Suisse) et une source dite de génération 2 et , Super ACO (France). Le but étant d'assurer la meilleure ouverture dynamique on momentum ainsi que off momentum jusqu'à des écarts en énergie élevés (jusqu'à +- 6% dans le cas de SOLEIL) afin d'assurer les meilleures efficacité d'injection et durée de vie Touschek possibles. Des études réalistes ont été effectuées pour SOLEIL où des erreurs de couplage, des composantes multipolaires, une insertion sous vide U20, des dimensions réalistes de la chambre à vide, ....etc, ont été considérés. Ces études ont principalement permis de définir le meilleur point de fonctionnement pour l'anneau. Un accroissement rapide de l'amplitude verticale de la particule dû au croisement des nombres d'onde (ou à la résonance de couplage linéaire) a été identifié comme étant limitatif pour les particules Touschek. Nous montrerons ici comment le contrôle des variations des nombres d'onde avec l'énergie et l'amplitude permet de s'affranchir de cette limitation et d'améliorer ainsi les performances des sources de troisième génération, particulièrement caractérisées par des ouvertures verticales réduites comme celles des chambres des insertions sous vide. Deux autres effets limitatifs ont été identifiés : Les durées de vie Touschek très optimalistes en 4D peuvent être réduites d'un facteur 2 lorsque le second ordre du facteur de compression des moment a2, est pris en compte. Cet effet semble affecter la plupart des sources de troisième génération. Une seconde limitation provient des jeux de correcteurs dipolaires qui se trouvent dans les hexapôles de l'anneau. Dépendant du choix du jeu utilisé pour la correction de l'orbite fermée, des composantes décapolaires dues aux correcteurs horizontaux peuvent affecter significativement la durée de vie. L'Analyse en Fréquences a été très largement utilisée pour effectuer ces études et a principalement permis d'identifier les résonances de couplage, linéaires et non linéaires, responsables des limitations. Aussi, l'importance d'un tracking 6D a été démontrée.The purpose of the present work is to study the non-linear beam dynamics in third generation light sources. Complexity of such systems restricts the single particle approach used in simulation codes to its limits of validity when compared to the centre of charge of the beam in real storage rings. In order to investigate such complex systems we used a dual approach, in which simulation results have been performed for Synchrotron SOLEIL and the measurements taken on three existing third generation light sources, namely BESSY II, ESRF and SLS and the 2 and generation one, Super ACO. The main figures of merit are a good on momentum dynamic aperture and good off momentum dynamics till large energy deviations (around +- 6% in machines such as SOLEIL) to insure the best injection efficiency and Touschek lifetime possible. Realistic studies have been performed for SOLEIL in which coupling errors, multipolar errors, one type of in-vacuum insertion devices and a realistic physical aperture have all been considered. These studies helped to define the best working point for the machine. Fast increase in the vertical amplitudes due to the transverse tune shift crossing (or to the linear coupling resonance) has been identified as a serious limiting effect for Touschek scattered particles. We will show here how control of both tunes shift with energy and amplitude can improve the performances of third generation storage rings particularly characterized by very small vertical apertures such as in-vacuum undulators and narrow gap vessels. Two other limiting effects have been identified: Very optimistic Touschek lifetimes can be reduced by almost 50% when the effect of the second order momentum compaction factor a2 is considered. This effect has been seen to affect most of the present third generation light sources. Furthermore, if the machine has dipole corrector magnets located in the sextupoles for closed orbit correction, the lifetime can be affected by the decapolar components created in the horizontal correctors. This is significant for some corrector settings. Frequency Map Analysis technique has been extensively used to perform these studies. It helped to identify the limiting linear and non-linear coupling resonances. In addition, the importance of the 6D tracking has been clearly demonstrated.ORSAY-PARIS 11-BU Sciences (914712101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Angular Spectrum Method for the Focused Acoustic Field of a Linear Transducer

AbstractApplications involving non-destructive testing or acoustical imaging are more and more sophisticated. In this context, a model based on the angular spectrum approach is tackled in view to calculate the focused impulse field radiated by a linear transducer through a plane fluid-solid interface.It is well known that electronic focusing, based on a cylindrical delay law, like for the classical cases (lenses, curved transducer), leads to an inaccurate focusing in the solid due to geometric aberrations errors affecting refraction. Generally, there is a significant difference between the acoustic focal distance and the geometrical focal due to refraction.In our work, an optimized delay law, based on the Fermat's principle is established, particularly at an oblique incidence where the geometrical considerations, relatively simple in normal incidence, become quickly laborious.Numerical simulations of impulse field are judiciously carried out. Subsequently, the input parameters are optimally selected in order to achieve good computation accuracy and a high focusing.The overall results, involving compression and shear waves, have highlighted the focusing improvement in the solid when compared to the currently available approaches. Indeed, the acoustic focal distance is very close to geometrical focal distance and then, allows better control of the refracted angular beam profile (refraction angle, focusing depth and focal size)

Improvement of the hardness and wear resistance of chromium nitride by adding of the zirconium

International audienc

Le Traitement D'image Dans Les Mems : Outil Essentiel Dans La Caractérisation Sans Contacts Des Microsystèmes

International audienceLe Traitement D'image Dans Les Mems : Outil Essentiel Dans La Caractérisation Sans Contacts Des Microsystème

Propagation acoustique dans un milieu poreux : effet de l'onde de cisaillement

International audienceL'étude de la propagation d'une onde sonore sur une tranche de matériau poreux à structure souple est étudiée dans le domaine temporel. Le calcul fractionnaire est utilisé dans le cadre de la théorie de Biot. L'onde de cisaillement est décrite pour une incidence normale, en plus des ondes longitudinales. Les interactions fluide/structure de nature visqueuse sont prises en compte via des opérateurs temporels. Le calcul analytique des opérateurs de réflexion et de transmission est effectué dans le domaine temporel. Une étude de sensibilité des paramètres physiques caractérisant le milieu est donnée par simulation numériques d'ondes transmises