Coxiella burnetii in Ticks, Argentina

The Gammaproteobacterium Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of acute Q fever and chronic endocarditis in humans worldwide. It is transmitted primarily by aerosol route or by ingestion of fomites from infected animals, mostly from domestic ruminants.Fil: Pacheco, Richard C.. Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul; Brasil;Fil: Echaide, Ignacio Eduardo. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, Rafaela; ArgentinaFil: Alves, Rosiane N.. Universidad Federal de Uberlândia; BrasilFil: Beletti, Marcelo E.. Universidad Federal de Uberlândia; BrasilFil: Nava, Santiago. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Santa Fe. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria, Rafaela; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe; ArgentinaFil: Labruna, Marcelo B.. Universidade Do Sao Paulo; Brasil

Myocardial bridges in bovine of the Canchim race

Estudaram-se em 30 corações de Bos taurus, fêmeas adultas da raça Canchim, a freqüência, a largura, a localização e a angulação das pontes de miocárdio. Os corações tiveram injetadas as artérias coronárias com solução corada de Neoprene Látex 450, com posterior fixação em solução aquosa de formol a 10% e consecutiva dissecação. Os resultados indicaram que as pontes de miocárdio ocorreram em 100% dos corações, com largura média de 1,24 cm e situaram-se mais comumente nas porções média (38,87%), ventral (26,11%). Pontes múltiplas foram observadas em 93,33% dos corações variando de duas a seis. As fibras musculares do segmento formam ângulos com o eixo longitudinal dos vasos arteriais com mediana de 46º.It was studied 30 hearts of adult Bos taurus, females of the race Canchim, with the objective of observing the frequency, width, location and angulation of the myocardial bridges. For the macroscopic study the hearts had injected the coronary arteries with solution of Neoprene red-faced latex 450, with posterior fixation in aqueous solution of formol to 10% and after dissection. The results indicate that the myocardial bridges happen in 100% of the hearts, with medium width of 1.24 cm and they locate more commonly in the portions average (38.87%), ventral (26.11%). Multiple bridges are observed in 93.33% of the hearts varying from two to six. The muscular fibers of the segment form angles with the longitudinal axis of the arterial vases with medium of 46º

Myocardial bridges in bovine of the Canchim race, I - Microscopic aspects

Estudamos em 30 corações de Bos taurus adultos, fêmeas da raça Canchim, as relações entre a parede arterial e o tecido circunjacente nos diferentes segmentos pontinos. Para o estudo microscópico foram coletados fragmentos de material a fresco tratados segundo técnicas microscópicas convencionais. As fibras musculares dos segmentos pré-pontino e pós-pontino são de localização subepicárdica. As fibras musculares estriadas cardíacas do segmento pontino apresentam-se predominantemente oblíquas ao vaso, acompanhando o seu eixo longitudinal; separam-se para formar um espaço losângico que abriga no centro a referida artéria e nas laterais tecido conjuntivo, constituído por fibras colágenas, elásticas, vasos, nervos e tecido adiposo.Thirty hearts of female Bos taurus bovines of Canchin breed were studied, the relationship between the arterial wall and the tissues surrounding different drawbridge segments was also assessed. Tissue fragments were collected and treated according to conventional microscopic techniques. Muscle fibers of the pre-bridge and post-bridge segments were of subepicardiac in location. The striate cardiac muscle fibers of the bridging segment are predominantly oblique to the vase, accompanying its longitudinal axis; they separate themselves to form a losanged space to shelter in its center the coronary artery and at its laterals the conjunctive tissue, constituted by colagens and elastic fibers, vases, nerves and adipose tissu

Bone histomorphometry of broilers submitted to different phosphorus sources in growing and finisher rations

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar alterações histomorfológicas na região do osso cortical de frangos de corte alimentados, nas fases de crescimento e engorda, com rações contendo cinco diferentes fontes de fósforo fosfato dicálcico, superfosfato simples, superfosfato triplo, fosfato monoamônio e fosfato de rocha de Araxá. Imagens histológicas foram digitalizadas, segmentadas em regiões de interesse (ROI) e analisadas por meio de algoritmos desenvolvidos no ambiente de programação SCILAB. Consideraram-se onze características para descrição das imagens: porcentagem de osso por área, área da ROI, perímetro da ROI, alongamento da ROI, ângulo da ROI, os respectivos desvios-padrão dessas medidas, a entropia dos ângulos das ROI e uma medida orientada de textura (lacunaridade). A substituição do fosfato dicálcico, nas rações de crescimento e engorda, por qualquer uma das outras fontes de fósforo testadas, causou mudanças significativas na histomorfologia do córtex ósseo dos frangos de corte, tais como: menor porcentagem de osso por área, aumento da área das lacunas e menor homogeneidade da matriz. As alterações foram mais pronunciadas nos tratamentos que receberam fosfato de rocha de Araxá, fonte de maior nível de flúor, do que nos tratamentos com superfosfato simples, superfosfato triplo e fosfato monoamônio, os quais foram semelhantes entre si.The objective of this work was to identify alterations in the histomorphology of the cortical bone tissue of broilers submitted to growing and finisher rations formulated with five different sources of phosphorus: dicalcium phosphate, simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and Araxá rock phosphate. Histological images had their components segmented, and were called regions of interest (ROI). Images were analyzed through developed algorithms, using the SCILAB mathematical environment. Eleven features were considered in order to obtain a complete description of the bone images: percentage of bone by area, ROI area, ROI perimeters, ROI elongation, ROI angle and their respective standard deviations, besides entropy of ROI angles and a texture-oriented measure (lacunarity). The substitution of dicalcium phosphate in growing and finisher rations for any other tested source of phosphorus caused significant changes on the hystomorphology of the cortical broilers bones, for example: diminution of bone percentage by area, increase of lacuna area and worse matrix homogeneity. Changes were more pronounced in the Araxá rock phosphate treatments, with the highest fluorine content, than in simple superphosphate, triple superphosphate and monoammonium phosphate treatments, which were similar

Transmission electron microscopy for characterization of acrosomal damage after Percoll gradient centrifugation of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa

The objective of this study was to characterize acrosomal ultrastructure following discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation of cryopreserved bovine sperm. Semen was collected from six bulls of different breeds and three ejaculates per bull were evaluated. Frozen semen samples were thawed and the acrosomal region of sperm cells was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) before (n = 18) and after (n = 18) Percoll centrifugation. The evaluation of 20 sperm heads from each of the 36 samples analyzed ensured that a large number of cells were investigated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance at a level of significance of 5%. Percoll centrifugation reduced the percentage of sperm exhibiting normal acrosomes (from 61.77 to 30.24%), reduced the percentage of sperm presenting atypical acrosome reactions (from 28.38 to 4.84%) and increased the percentage of sperm exhibiting damage in the acrosome (from 6.14 to 64.26%). The percentage of sperm with typical acrosome reactions was not significantly different before (3.70%) and after (0.67%) centrifugation. TEM distinguished four different types of acrosomal status and enabled ultrastructural characterization of acrosomal injuries. The percentage of sperm exhibiting normal acrosomes decreased and damage in the acrosome was the most frequent acrosomal injury with the Percoll gradient centrifugation protocol utilized

Neurorrafia do ramo bucal dorsal do nervo facial em coelhos com proteção de segmento intestinal alógeno

Foram utilizados 18 coelhos, Nova Zelândia, machos, adultos, para avaliação clínica e histológica do reparo do ramo bucal dorsal do nervo facial, decorridos 15, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório (PO). Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos para secção e aproximação epineural do ramo bucal com fio náilon monofilamentoso 10-0. Nos animais do grupo I, o nervo foi revestido com proteção de segmento de jejuno alógeno conservado em glicerina a 98% e o grupo II apenas aplicação de sutura epineural. Nos coelhos dos dois grupos ocorreu retorno da movimentação do lábio superior a partir da oitava semana. Verificou-se infiltrados celulares e células gigantes com fibrose desorganizada e fibras colágenas do envoltório alógeno entremeadas ao tecido conjuntivo. Aos 15 e 30 dias de PO, os cotos distais de ambos os grupos encontravam-se com degeneração walleriana e aos 60 dias, com fibras regeneradas. A reparação do ramo bucal dorsal do nervo facial com o segmento intestinal não foi significativamente diferente nos coelhos do controle, quanto à avaliação de recuperação funcional e histológica.18 rabbits, New Zealand, males, adults were used for clinical and histological evaluation of repair dorsal buccal branch of facial nerve after 15, 30 and 60 days postoperatively (PO). The animals were divided into two groups for transection and 10-0 nylon monofilament epineural suture of buccal branch. In animals in Group I, the nerve was coated with protection of jejunum allograft preserved in glycerin 98% and in group II was applied epineural suture. Both groups occurred the return of movement of the upper lip from the eighth week. There was infiltrated cellular and giant cells with fibrosis unsystematic and collagen fibers of the allograft jejunum joing to the connective tissue. At 15 and 30 days of PO, the distal nerve stumps of both groups were found with degeneration wallerian and in 60 days, regenerated fibers. The repair of the dorsal buccal branch of facial nerve with the allograft wasn't significantly different between the control rabbits as to the assessment of histological and functional recovery

Radiographic and histomorphometric analysis of bone healing using autogenous graft associated with platelet-rich plasma obtained by 2 different methods

The aim of this study was to conduct radiographic and histomorphometric analysis of bone healing in the calvaria of rabbits, using an autogenous graft associated with PRP obtained by 2 different methods. Thirty rabbits were divided into control and experimental groups. Lesions were produced in the calvaria and filled with autogenous graft ( control) or autogenous graft and PRP obtained by the Anitua or modified Sonnleitner methods. The animals were humanely killed 15 days after surgery and the calvarias were radiographed. The radiographs were digitized to assess the radiographic density. By histologic images of the lesion, the bone matrix was quantified. There were no significant differences in the radiographic density and the bone matrix area between the groups. The association of PRP with autogenous bone did not improve the healing process, irrespective of the method used early during healing

LOW-INTENSITY ULTRASOUND APPLICATION IN DISTAL RADIUS METAPHYSEAL BONE DEFECTS OF DOGS

We assessed the repair of transverse, 3-mm wide bone gaps created at the distal radius in 28 dogs that were randomly divided into two 14-animal groups; one was the control group and the other received a daily, 20-min application of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for 100 days. Sequential radiographs, histomorphometrics, bone fluorescent histology and bone vascularity assessments found that all animals from both groups obtained a stage of hypertrophic-type nonunion with fibrocartilage tissue formation throughout the region of osteotomy. However, treated animals exhibited areas of endochondral ossification within the fibrocartilage region. There was no difference in type of vascularity or the newly formed bone process obtained by tetracycline labeling. Application of low-intensity ultrasound was not capable of significantly changing the reparative process and it may not be sufficiently powerful to overcome a combination of local deleterious effects on bone healing, created by gapping, excessive motion and periosteal resection. (E-mail: [email protected]) (C) 2010 World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology.State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Brazi