Neural Network Predictions of Atomic Form Factors and Incoherent Scattering Functions

In order to predict atomic form factors and incoherent scattering functions which are used to calculate the coherent and incoherent total scattering cross sections, a technique based on artificial neural networks of the multilayer type was implemented. In this context, two neural models have been developed and compared with those in the literature. This study revealed both the accuracy of the results obtained and the effectiveness of the designed model. The mean relative error for the least estimated property does not exceed 16.5 %. The software realized in this way give a prediction of the above parameters for the input variables Z: Atomic number, x: sin(ϑ/2)/λ and E: Photon energy, and it provides users with flexibility for prediction. The advantages of this technique lie in its very fast handling, due to its ease of use, and in the two integrated networks, which it guarantees for a variety of input parameters such as atomic number, photon energy, and momentum transfer variable

The fate and behaviour of gunshot residue: recreational shooter distribution

Despite continued improvements in gunshot residue (GSR) detection and analysis, there are still challenges in the interpretation of GSR evidence. The level and distribution of GSR present on an individual can be influenced by many factors, dependent upon the context of any given case. Due and diligent attention must therefore be placed upon fate and behaviour processes in relation to GSR when assessing and interpreting any case findings. The distribution of GSR upon the body of a recreational shooter was assessed. Samples were taken from 17 positions across a shooter’s body immediately after the discharge of one round of ammunition. The shooting hand prevailed as the most GSR-contaminated area, with as many as 351 characteristic GSR particles identified. The face and supporting hand also exhibited high levels of GSR contamination. This level of contamination raises questions concerning the fate and behaviour of GSR particles within the general environment, specifically with regard to transfer processes

Selenium content in wheat and estimation of the selenium daily intake in different regions of Algeria

In this work, we have measured the selenium content in wheat produced locally in eight different regions of Algeria from east to west, and we have established the annual consumption of selenium for five socio-professional categories. Instrumental neutron activation analysis is used. The selenium levels in wheat samples varied from 21 (Tiaret) to 153 mu g/kg (Khroub), with a mean value about 52 mu g/kg. The mean of selenium daily consumption from ingestion of wheat per person in the eight regions varied from 32 to 52 mu g/day which is close to the minimal FAO recommendation