Molecular Diagnosis of Iris Yellow Spot Virus (IYSV) on Onion in Iran

Viral symptoms indicative of Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) were observed on onion in several fields near Chenaran in Khorasan Razavi Province. Mechanical inoculation of herbaceous hosts with onion sap extracts from symptomatic plants showed similar symptoms to those described for IYSV. The mechanically transmitted virus reacted only with antisera specific to IYSV in DAS-ELISA but not with antisera specific to seven other tospoviruses. In RT-PCR, a DNA fragment approximately 822 bp in size was amplified from infected Nicotiana benthamiana by using primers specific to the nucleocapsid (N) gene of IYSV. After cloning and sequencing, the deduced N protein sequence of two isolates (GenBank accession no. HQ148173 and HQ148174) showed 98% amino acid identity with a Sri Lankan isolate, 96% with a Dutch isolate and 92% with a Brazilian isolate. To our knowledge, this is the first molecular characterization of IYSV in Ira

Molecular Identification of an Isolate of Peanut Mottle Virus (PeMoV) in Iran

Peanut plants showing mottling, yellow and necrotic spots on leaves were collected from peanut fields in Golestan province. Electron microscopic studies revealed the presence of flexuous filamentous particles ca. 700 nm in length, which was suggestive of a potyvirus infection. Healthy Nicotiana benthamiana plants mechanically inoculated with sap from infected peanut plants showed mottling, downward leaf curling, and wrinkling of the leaves. The virus was transmitted by Myzus persicae in a non-persistent manner to healthy N. benthamiana, on which symptoms were observed two weeks later. RT-PCR using an Oligo-dT and a NIb primer set resulted in a fragment of about 1093 bp, which comprised the complete coat protein (CP) gene and 3´-non-coding region. Analysis of its CP nucleotide and amino acid sequence revealed 98-99% similarity and 95-99% identity to those of Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV) isolated from other countries, respectively. The molecular data confirmed serological, vector transmission, and electron microscopic findings on the incidence of PeMoV in Iran. Additionally, sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the CP revealed clustering of Iranian PeMoV isolate with Asian/Australian isolates

Feasibility Study Of Using Complex Of Hydrogen Peroxide And Silver For Disinfecting Swimming Pool Water And Its Environment

In this research the application of Nanosil containing hydrogen peroxide and silver was studied in disinfecting swimming pool water and it's Environment. The effect of the disinfectant on Candida albicans   (ATCC No. 10231), Aspergillus niger   (ATCC No. 16404), Pseudomonas aeruginosa   (ATCC No. 9027), Serratia marcescens   (PTCC No. 1111), Klebsiella pneumoniae   (ATCC No. 10031) and Staphylococcus aureus   (ATCC No. 29737) ) was evaluated. The main objective of this experiment was to determine the effective dose of Nanosil which could be used for disinfecting the environment of swimming pools and other surface area. Then, the effectiveness of Nanosil was studied in two private and one public swimming pools. Heterotrophic plate count, thermotolerant coliforms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were monitored as the target microorganisms in disinfection practice According to the result of this study, it is recommended to apply the Nanosil with the concentration of >3% (30000 mg/L) for contact time of 30 min or more for practical disinfection in swimming pools environment. The application of Nanosil in real conditions of two private and one public swimming pools indicated that the acceptable microbial quality is also achievable if the disinfectant residual concentration would be as high as 20 mg/L in swimming pool water

Molecular Identification of an Isolate of Peanut Mottle Virus (PeMoV) in Iran

<p>Peanut plants showing mottling, yellow and necrotic spots on leaves were collected from peanut fields in Golestan province. Electron microscopic studies revealed the presence of flexuous filamentous particles ca. 700 nm in length, which was suggestive of a potyvirus infection. Healthy Nicotiana benthamiana plants mechanically inoculated with sap from infected peanut plants showed mottling, downward leaf curling, and wrinkling of the leaves. The virus was transmitted by Myzus persicae in a non-persistent manner to healthy N. benthamiana, on which symptoms were observed two weeks later. RT-PCR using an Oligo-dT and a NIb primer set resulted in a fragment of about 1093 bp, which comprised the complete coat protein (CP) gene and 3´-non-coding region. Analysis of its CP nucleotide and amino acid sequence revealed 98-99% similarity and 95-99% identity to those of Peanut mottle virus (PeMoV) isolated from other countries, respectively. The molecular data confirmed serological, vector transmission, and electron microscopic findings on the incidence of PeMoV in Iran. Additionally, sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the CP revealed clustering of Iranian PeMoV isolate with Asian/Australian isolates.</p

Infection of Alstroemeria Plants with Tomato yellow ring virus in Iran

Alstroemeria cv. Ovation plants with virus-like necrotic spots and streaks on leaves and petals were observed in greenhouses in Khorasan Razavi (Mashhad) and Markazi (Mahallat) provinces, Iran. Samples with virus-like symptoms reacted positively in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a polyclonal antibody raised against Tomato yellow ring virus (TYRV) nucleocapsid (N) protein. TYRV-specific primers were used in a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to amplify the N gene. The deduced amino acid sequences of the obtained amplicon revealed 99% identity to the N protein of an isolate of TYRV isolated from tomato (TYRV-t