Acid dissociation constants of N-alkyl <i>p/o-</i>hydroxy<i> </i>styryl pyridinium dyes in surfactant solutions

155-158Some N-alkyl p/o-hydroxy styryl pyridinium halides, the alkyl moieties being methyl, hexyl and decyl, have been synthesised and the acid dissociation constants of these compounds in aqueous and surfactant solutions have been determined using spectrophotometric method. The alkyl chain does not have any substantial effect on the pKa values in aqueous and cationic surfactant (cetyl trimethylammonium bromide: CTAB) system. However, with longer alkyl chain the pKa values increase in anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulphate: SDS). These results have been attributed to the variation in solubilization sites of the surfactants

EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERGLYCAEMIC EFFECT OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA LEAF EXTRACT ON ADRENALIN INDUCED AND HIGH GLUCOSE FEED ANIMAL MODEL

Objective: As per the ethnopharmacological information has Butea monosperma been used to treat diabetes mellitus by the tribal people of tropical and subtropical areas. However, there is no much more scientific report available about the antidiabetic property of the leaves of the plant. Hence, the study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of B. monosperma on blood levels of adrenaline-induced and glucose feed diabetic rabbits.Methods: The three different doses of the extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were administered orally to an experimental animal. The animals were induced diabetics by adrenaline and high glucose diet. Blood glucose level was measured accordingly. For antidiabetic activity, photocolorimeter was used to monitoring the blood glucose level with crest kit box (GOP-POD method).Results: The extracts showed considerable dose-dependent activity. However, the dose 400 mg/kg showed considerable lower of blood glucose level. p&lt;0.01 indicates the significance result. 8 hrs reading 182.5±3.83 for 400 mg does is most effective for reducing blood sugar.Conclusion: The study indicates that the ethanolic extract of B. monosperma leaves possesses antidiabetic properties which suggest the presence of biologically active components

EVALUATION OF ANTIHYPERGLYCAEMIC EFFECT OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA LEAF EXTRACT ON ADRENALIN INDUCED AND HIGH GLUCOSE FEED ANIMAL MODEL

Objective: As per the ethnopharmacological information has Butea monosperma been used to treat diabetes mellitus by the tribal people of tropical and subtropical areas. However, there is no much more scientific report available about the antidiabetic property of the leaves of the plant. Hence, the study was undertaken to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of B. monosperma on blood levels of adrenaline-induced and glucose feed diabetic rabbits.Methods: The three different doses of the extracts (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) were administered orally to an experimental animal. The animals were induced diabetics by adrenaline and high glucose diet. Blood glucose level was measured accordingly. For antidiabetic activity, photocolorimeter was used to monitoring the blood glucose level with crest kit box (GOP-POD method).Results: The extracts showed considerable dose-dependent activity. However, the dose 400 mg/kg showed considerable lower of blood glucose level. p&lt;0.01 indicates the significance result. 8 hrs reading 182.5±3.83 for 400 mg does is most effective for reducing blood sugar.Conclusion: The study indicates that the ethanolic extract of B. monosperma leaves possesses antidiabetic properties which suggest the presence of biologically active components

Solvent Effect on the Potential Energy Surfaces of the F^– + CH₃CH₂Br Reaction

Although substantial work has been undertaken on reaction pathways involved in base-promoted elimination reactions and bimolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction of F^– on CH₃CH₂X (X = Cl, Br, I), the effect of solvents with varying dielectric constants on the stereochemistry of each of the reaction species involved across the reaction profile have not yet been clearly understood. The present investigation reports the effect of solvents on the potential energy surfaces (PES) and structures of the species appearing in the reaction pathway of F^– with bromoethane. The PESs in the gas phase have been computed at MP2 level and CCSD­(T) level. The performance of several hybrid density functional, such as B3LYP, M06, M06L, BHandH, X3LYP, M05, M05-2X, and M06-2X have also been investigated toward describing the elimination and nucleophilic substitution reactions. With respect to MAE values and to make the computation cost-effective, we have explored the implicit continuum solvent model, CPCM in solvents like cyclohexane, methanol, acetonitrile, dimethyl sulfoxide and water. The reactant complexes proceed through the subsequent steps to produce fluoroethane as the substitution product and ethylene as one of the elimination products. For elimination reaction both <i>syn</i> and <i>anti</i> elimination have been explored. The calculated relatives energies values, which are negative in the gas phase, are found to be positive in polar solvents since the point charge in the separated reactants are more stabilized than the dispersed charge in the transient complex, which has also been analyzed through NBO analysis