21 research outputs found
Ureases de soja (Glycine max (L.) Merril) : expressão em tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum) e atividade fungicida e/ou fungistática
Get PDFUreases (EC 3.5.1.5) são amplamente distribuídas em bactérias, fungos e plantas onde sua função biológica não é completamente conhecida. Acredita-se que ureases estejam envolvidas na biodisponibilidade de nitrogênio e mecanismos de defesa contra predadores e patógenos. Plantas de soja Glycine max (L.) Merril contêm duas isoformas de urease. Neste trabalho, clonamos e seqüenciamos um fragmento de 300 pb que corresponde a uma região interna do gene de urease. Relatamos, também, a utilização de um gene de soja como modo de gerar resistência a doenças fúngicas em plantas. Plantas transgênicas de tabaco (Nicotiana tobacum var. Turkish) contendo o cDNA codificador completo da urease ubíqua de soja sob a regulação do promotor 35S do vírus do mosaico da couveflor (CaMV) e do terminador do gene da nopalina sintase, foram geradas a partir da transformação de discos foliares por Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Extratos proteicos obtidos a partir das folhas das plantas transgênicas foram analisados quanto à atividade ureásica e à imunorreatividade contra anticorpos da urease do feijão-de-porco. A habilidade dos extratos proteicos em inibir o crescimento de fungos fitopatogênicos foi comparada com a atividade fungicida da urease embrião-específica isolada de sementes tipo-selvagem. Nossos resultados demonstraram a atividade antifúngica de ambas as isoformas de urease e apresentaram uma correlação positiva entre a inibição do crescimento de fungos e o conteúdo/atividade da urease ubíqua de soja recombinante. Os dados sugerem que a superexpressão da urease, em plantas transgências, pode auxiliar na resistência das plantas contra fungos fitopatogênicos, além de seus efeitos conhecidos sobre insetos.Ureases (EC 3.5.1.5) are largely distributed in bacterial, fungi and plants, where theis physiological role is not completely understood. It is thought that ureases are involved in nitrogen bioavailability and defense mechanisms against predators and pathogens. Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merril] plants contain two isoforms of urease. Here we describe the cloning and sequencing of a fragment of 300 bp corresponding to an internal region of one of the soybean urease genes. Here we also reported the employment of a gene from soybean as a tool to confer resistance to fungal diseases in plants. Transformed tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum var. Turkish) plants harbouring the full length cDNA encoding the soybean ubiquitous urease under the control of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S promoter and the nopaline synthase gene (nos) terminator were obtained after leaf disc transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Leaf protein extracts of transgenic plants were analyzed for urease activity and immunoreactivity against antibodies to the jackbean urease. The ability of leaf protein extracts to impair growth of selected phytopathogens was compared to the fungicidal activity of the embryo-specific urease isolated from wild-type seeds. Our results demonstrated the antifungal activity of both soybean ureases and showed a positive correlation between the inhibiton of fungal growth and content/activity of the recombinant soybean ubiquitous urease in leaves of transgenic tobacco. The data suggest that urease overexpression in transgenic plants may help to improve plant resistance against phytopathogenic fungi, besides its known effect on insects
Jaburetox: update on a urease-derived peptide
No full textAbstract Urease from Canavalia ensiformis seeds was the first enzyme ever to be crystallized, in 1926. These proteins, found in plants, bacteria and fungi, present different biological properties including catalytic hydrolysis of urea, and also enzyme-independent activities, such as induction of exocytosis, pro-inflammatory effects, neurotoxicity, antifungal and insecticidal properties. Urease is toxic to insects and fungi per se but part of this toxicity relies on an internal peptide (~11 kDa), which is released upon digestion of the protein by insect enzymes. A recombinant form of this peptide, called jaburetox (JBTX), was constructed using jbureII gene as a template. The peptide exhibits liposome disruption properties, and insecticidal and fungicidal activities. Here we review the known biological properties activities of JBTX, and comment on new ones not yet fully characterized. JBTX was able to cause mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae in a feeding assay whereas in a dose as low as of 0.1 μg it provoked death of Triatoma infestans bugs. JBTX (10−5–10−6 M) inhibits the growth of E. coli, P. aeruginosa and B. cereus after 24 h incubation. Multilamellar liposomes interacting with JBTX undergo reorganization of the membrane’s lipids as detected by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies. Encapsulating JBTX into lipid nanoparticles led to an increase of the peptide’s antifungal activity. Transgenic tobacco and sugarcane plants expressing the insecticidal peptide JBTX, showed increased resistance to attack of the insect pests Spodoptera frugiperda, Diatraea saccharalis and Telchin licus licus. Many questions remain unanswered; however, so far, JBTX has shown to be a versatile peptide that can be used against various insect and fungus species, and in new bacterial control strategies
