Evaluation of Cotton, Gossypium Hirsutum L., Genotypes for Resistance to the Reniform Nematode, Rotylenchulus Reniformis Linford and Oliveira.

Cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., is a valuable cash crop in Louisiana that is grown primarily for its fiber. The reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford and Oliveira, is a major pest of cotton in Louisiana, where it was first identified in 1941 and has now been found in 39 of 64 parishes. Nematicides and crop rotation are conventional methods of reniform nematode control, but resistant cultivars offer the most economical and practical method of control. The primary objective of this study was to examine and evaluate new and previously reported sources of reniform nematode resistance in cotton, which could eventually be incorporated into a breeding program. Genotypes were evaluated in the greenhouse and resistance based on reniform nematode egg production per gram of root. La. 434-1031-4 was resistant to reniform nematode whenever tested. Several race stocks and day-neutral converted race stocks expressed resistance. These were TR 19, converted TR 19, TR 26, converted TR 26, converted TR 75, converted TR 78, TR 176, converted TR 176, and Texas 110. Gossypium longicalyx L., which had been reported as having immunity, expressed immunity or near-immunity in these tests. Data from triploids and hexaploids (G. longicalyx x G. hirsutum Acala) suggest strong dominance for the immunity or near-immunity factor(s). G. longicalyx could be used as a resistant parent, once limiting factors in inter-specific hybridization are solved. A field test to determine relative resistance was conducted in 1985. Four of the more resistant genotypes with good agronomic properties, chosen from greenhouse tests, were compared to \u27Deltapine 41\u27 for reniform nematode egg production, green plant weight, white flower production, plant height, reniform nematode population, and boll number. The four genotypes (Auburn 80-180, Auburn 634, La. 434-1031-810909, and La. 434-1031-810910) were resistant based on field evaluations. Auburn 80-180 and Auburn 634, two advanced breeding lines with resistance to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita acrita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, La. 434-1031-810909, La. 434-1031-810910, and La. 434-1031-4 would make good resistant parents in a breeding program

Evaluation of Peanut Hybrids for Reaction to Early Leafspot Pathogen (Cercospora Arachidicola)

Agronom

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

Guidelines for the Management of HIV Infection in Pregnant Women and the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV

The prevalence of HIV infection amongst women giving birth in England and Wales has increased every year since 1990. Results from the Unlinked Anonymous Surveys of infection in pregnancy, show that in 2003, the prevalence reached one in 180 (0.56%) in inner London, one in 271 in outer London (0.37%) and one in 1,282 (0.08%) in the rest of England [1]. The majority of these women are from sub-Saharan Africa. The Department of Health policy of recommending an HIV test to every pregnant woman [2] has resulted in an increase in the proportion of these women who are aware of their diagnosis prior to delivery (more than 80% in London in 2001) and a decrease in the absolute number of infants infected in the UK [3]