6 research outputs found
Impact assessment wastewater discharge on water quality DTD canal BeÄej-Bogojevo
Pressure and impact analysis requires information on the main drivers and
changes in conditions. In order to analyze such pressures and impacts, each
river basin requires: an analysis of its characteristics, a review of the
impact of human activity on the status of the surface water and an economic
analysis of water use. Pressure and impact analysis plays a central role in
the planning of river basin management. The quality of the stream at any
point depends on several major factors: lithology of the basin, weather
conditions, climate, and human impacts. Most of the polluters are located in
the big cities next to canal DTD BeÄej-Bogojevo canal (Odzaci,Vrbas,
Srbobran, Becej). Per year, 2900000 m3 of wastewater was discharged into the
BeÄej-Bogojevo section of the DTD canal: 1,4 tCOD, 0,8 0tBOD, 260 kg of
nitrogen, 19 kg of phosphorus and 282 kg of suspended solids. Of the total
volume of wastewater, 20% comes from industry and 80% from municipal
wastewater. Most of the wastewaters from the studied polluters is discharged
untreated or insufficiently treated (only primary treatment). This poor
quality wastewater threatens the receipients into which its is discharged.
Comparison of the wastewater quality results to the Decree on emission limits
and deadlines for their achievement, shows that many polluters exceed the
limits for all parameters (COD, BOD, nitrogen, phosphorus, suspended solids).
On the basis of the physico-chemical analysis of the water from the DTD
BeÄej-Bogojevo canal it can be concluded that the water quality is
unsatisfactory. According to the national legislation, the water quality
exceeds the values for good potential streams for most parameters at all
sampling locatio dissolved oxygen, organic matter and nutrients). Thus, we
can conclude that the water in the studied section of the DTD BeÄej-Bogojevo
canal does not meet the criteria for "good ecological potential". The most
vulnerable locations are downstream of the Vrbas and downstream of the BeÄej,
while the best quality canal water is at the furthest upstream location (CS
Bogojevo). Risk assessment based on monitoring results indicates that the
water of the studied section of the DTD BeÄej-Bogojevo canal is probably at
risk of failing to meet the objectives of the Water Framework Directive, as
33% of the analyzed parameters to calculate specific risk ratios were greater
than 1, and thus fall into the category of pollutants medium risk. In order
to achieve the quality (to achieve good status and good potential), there
must be a response from industrial producers, which consists primarily of
comprehensively understanding the problems and implementing measures to
minimize the impact of these problems. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike
Srbije, br. TR37004
Interpretation of the results of surface water quality applying multivariate analysis
Monitoring of surface water, through the analysis of physical-chemical and
chemical parameters is a very important factor in the control of water
quality and the health of living beings. Surface water quality is largely
determined by the nature (atmospherics) and anthropogenic processes
(discharge of municipal and industrial waste water). The results of
monitoring of surface water are usually too expensive and difficult for
correct interpreting, due to the spatial and temporal variations in water
quality. By applying Multivariate statistical analysis can achieve
significant reductions of the ampleness of the available data and the better
interpretation of the obtained results about the quality and ecological
status/potential of water. In this paper, were analyzed selected results of
the analysis of surface water in AP Vojvodina in 2011 year by using
multivariate statistical analysis (cluster analysis and principal components
analysis). These techniques allow the interpretation of the results of the
monitoring program of investigated surface water bodies and simultaneous
identification of registered influence and potential sources of pollution on
the quality of the given water bodies. With both methods applied and the
division of water bodies tested in the same manner at the origin (natural and
artificial) and on the basis of territorial belonging monitoring stations
(Banat and BaÄka). Individual variations are discussed in corresponding
differences in individual measuring stations in relation to others.
Application of the given method, a grouping of the examined indicators of
water quality in the following factors: hydro-chemical factor, ecological
factor, the factor point pollution and diffusion. The obtained results
confirm the initial hypothesis that the use of different statistical methods
can identify the main factors that have an impact on the ecological status
and ecological potential of water bodies and to improve the existing
monitoring. In addition, analysis of the extracted surface water bodies where
it is necessary to implement simultaneous monitoring of the biological
quality elements to determine whether chemical parameters ensure the
functioning of ecosystems. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije,
br. ŠI-172013 i br. III43005
Identification of significant pressures and assessment of wastewater discharge on Krivaja River water quality
One of the key stages of the process of preparing management plans for the river basin is the analysis of pressures and impacts, as well as the risk assessment of failing to achieve the environmental objectives. DPSIR framework (Driving Forces-Pressure-State-Impact-Response) was developed by the European Agency for the environmental protection, and makes the conceptual basis for the pressures and impacts analysis, taking into account the complexity of the interactions in the environment and represents the tool for their analysis. Impact assessment of the water body requires some quantitative information to describe the condition of the water body and/or the pressures that act on it. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of wastewater discharge on Krivaja watercourse. Impact assessment is carried out based on data of pollutersā wastewater and monitoring information for water in Krivaja. For each site at which sampling was performed, the specific risk quotients for surface water were calculated, as the ratio of the each pollutant concentration in surface water at the sampling point and environmental quality standards for pollutants, as well as their sum that represents the risk index. In order to have the integrated perceive of processes in the Krivaja River, taking into account cumulative effects from point sources, the concept of total maximum daily load was applied, using which the pollution amount, that can be discharged daily in a water body without degrading his prescribed/required quality, was calculated. Comparison of emitted loads from pollution point sources with maximum allowable ones was performed. Wastewaters of different polluters located on Krivaja are, due to insufficient treatment, very loaded with organic matter and nutrients. Krivaja receives daily 1332 m3 of wastewater, 999 kg COD, 722 kg BOD, 144 kg of nitrogen, 4.3 kg of phosphorus and 627 kg of suspended solids. Of the total wastewater volume, the majority (69%) originates from municipal wastewater, 81% of the total amount of organic matter comes from the industry, while nutrients mostly originate from municipal wastewater. Loading of Krivaja with wastewater is major, uneven and unbalanced. Water quality of Krivaja is unsatisfactory. According to national legislation there is the exceedance of maximum permissible values for Class II for watercourse (good status) for most parameters, in all sampling locations and in both sampling periods. Parameters that exceeded the value for the Class II are dissolved oxygen, organic matter content, suspended solids, nutrients. Water flow in the river is not sufficient to receive the total amount of the pollutant load from point sources. Risk assessment, based on the monitoring results, indicates that the river Krivaja is possibly at risk of failing to meet the required water quality because the most of the values exceeded the limit values. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. TR37004
Toxic metal immobilization in contaminated sediment using bentonite- and kaolinite-supported nano zero-valent iron
Toxic metal immobilization in contaminated sediment using bentonite- and kaolinite-supported nano zero-valent iron
This paper reports from a pilot study conducted in an ongoing research project focusing on how users and their needs are being part of the development of smart grid services. The project aims to explore how development and use of services related to smart grids in homes might affect practices involving electricity consumption. The empirical material centers around an urban development project with a focus on social sustainability. So far only preliminary remarks can be made, and these points to that smart grid services are not in the center of attention, but rather taken for granted, and that the users are rather absent from the discussions. This indicates that the practices of which electricity consumption are part are not taken into consideration, but instead it is taken for granted that users shall adjust their needs based on information about electricity consumption patterns and prices