Austin Owen Lecture: Litigating the Holocaust

The Austin Owen Lecture was established in honor of the Honorable Austin E. Owen through the generosity of his daughter, Dr. Judith O. Hopkins, W\u2774, and son-in-law, Dr. Marbry B. Hopkins, R\u2774. The Honorable Austin E. Owen attended Richmond College from 1946-47 and received his law degree from the University of Richmond School of Law in 1950. During his distinguished career, Judge Owen served as an Assistant U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia; a partner in Owen, Gray, Rhodes, Betz, Smith and Dickerson; and was appointed Judge of the Second Judicial Circuit of Virginia where he served until his retirement in 1990. Professor Michael J. Bazyler presented this address at the Seventh Annual Austin Owen Lecture on April 12, 1999, at the University of Richmond School of Law

The Judicialization of International Atrocity Crimes: The Kharkov Trial of 1943

This Article analyzes the Kharkov trial, the first trial of Nazi war criminals undertaken by any Allied Power, as well as the first trial of the Holocaust. It is written on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of the Kharkov trial. Part II, as background, describes the Holocaust as experienced in Kharkov, Ukraine. Part III discusses the trial that took place in Kharkov: the defendants, the prosecution, the setting, and the testimony. Part IV looks at the Kharkov trial as a typical Stalinist “show trial,” where guilt has been predetermined and a trial is used merely as a show to its audience of the presupposed wrongdoings of the defendants. In this discussion, Part IV will also explore the trial’s three audiences, the absence of the term “Jew” to identify the victims, and the lack of subsequent public Soviet trials of war criminals following the Kharkov trial. Part V explores the implications of the Kharkov trial on the subsequent Nuremberg Trials, later postwar Nazi trials in the Soviet Union, and the role of the Kharkov trial in the formation of history and memory of the Holocaust in the former territories of the Soviet Union. Part VI, the Conclusion, ends with a postscript—providing another distressing example, this one surrounding the Holocaust at Kharkov, of how many senior Nazis were never adequately punished for their crimes, with some even remembered fondly today

Returners Exhibit Greater Jumping Performance Improvements During a Peaking Phase Compared With New Players on a Volleyball Team

Purpose: To determine if jumping-performance changes during a peaking phase differed among returners and new players on a female collegiate volleyball team and to determine which variables best explained the variation in performance changes. Methods: Fourteen volleyball players were divided into 2 groups—returners (n = 7) and new players (n = 7)—who completed a 5-wk peaking phase prior to conference championships. Players were tested at baseline before the preseason on measures of the vastus lateralis cross-sectional area using ultrasonography, estimated back-squat 1-repetition maximum, countermovement jump height (JH), and relative peak power on a force platform. Jumping performance, rating of perceived exertion training load, and sets played were recorded weekly during the peaking phase. Results: There were moderate to very large (P \u3c .01, Glass Δ = 1.74) and trivial to very large (P = .07, Δ = 1.09) differences in JH and relative peak power changes in favor of returners over new players, respectively, during the peaking phase. Irrespective of group, 7 of 14 players achieved peak JH 2 wk after the initial overreach. The number of sets played (r = .78, P \u3c .01) and the athlete’s preseason relative 1-repetition maximum (r = .54, P = .05) were the strongest correlates of JH changes during the peaking phase. Conclusions: Returners achieved greater improvements in jumping performance during the peaking phase compared with new players, which may be explained by the returners’ greater relative maximal strength, time spent competing, and training experience. Thus, volleyball and strength coaches should consider these factors when prescribing training during a peaking phase to ensure their players are prepared for important competitions

Utilizing Weightlifting for Cycling Performance

Abstract available in the 9th Annual Coaches and Sport Science College

Panel Four: Putting the Law into Perspective

Speaker:Professor Michael J. Bazyler The last panel will be a short session seeking to summarize and conclude the symposium. Professor Bazyler will discuss whether litigation based on historic human rights violations and the lessons of the day can provide viable models for other future similar cases