Modeling of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Pharmacokinetics

Cerium oxide nanoparticles have recently attracted great attention as one of the promising nanomaterials for use in the pharmaceutical industry. However, to assess the potential toxicity of these nanoparticles, information about their biodistribution in the body is necessary. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a convenient tool for providing such data. So, this study is devoted to modeling the pharmacokinetics of intravenously injected CeO2 nanoparticles in the body. The designed PBPK model adequately described time courses of CeO2 nanoparticles in various tissues of rats. Simulation results allow to analyze absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of nanoparticles in the body, and provide important information to evaluate their toxicity to biological organisms. © 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved

Modeling of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Pharmacokinetics

Cerium oxide nanoparticles have recently attracted great attention as one of the promising nanomaterials for use in the pharmaceutical industry. However, to assess the potential toxicity of these nanoparticles, information about their biodistribution in the body is necessary. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling is a convenient tool for providing such data. So, this study is devoted to modeling the pharmacokinetics of intravenously injected CeO2 nanoparticles in the body. The designed PBPK model adequately described time courses of CeO2 nanoparticles in various tissues of rats. Simulation results allow to analyze absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of nanoparticles in the body, and provide important information to evaluate their toxicity to biological organisms. © 2020 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved

Physicochemical characterization and antioxidant properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles

Studies of the biological activity of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CONPs) show that this compound exhibits antioxidant, antitumor, antibacterial and antiviral properties. The CONPs were obtained by pulsed electron evaporation in a low-pressure gas with a specific surface area of ∼ 190 m 2 /g. Strongly-noequilibrium conditions of synthesis led to the formation of high defect structures, which makes it possible to change the Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ ions ratio and, consequently, to enhance the level of their biological activity. To analyze the content of cerium with different valences, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was performed. To determine the enzyme-like activity of CONPs, a chemical analysis of the interaction with hydrogen peroxide was carried out on a spectrophotometer. The results show a significant presence of Ce 3+ in CONPs and the inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The valence of the cerium atoms determines the chemical activity of CONPs; thus, in a more alkaline medium, the CONPs decrease the ROS concentration, while in the acidic medium its activity diminishes. By varying the parameters of the nanopowders obtained and achieving the optimum Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ ratio, one can produce CONPs having properties which enable the creation of pharmaceuticals for protection against ROS or for combating tumors, viruses and bacteria. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.This work was performed within a support of the Russian Science Foundation project [16-16-04038]

Effect of Cerium Dioxide Nanoparticles Doping with Rare Earth Metal Ions on the Biocatalytic Activity

Наночастицы диоксида церия характеризуются активным участием в окислительно-восстановительных реакциях и способны выполнять функции ряда ферментов (каталазы, пероксидазы, оксидазы и др.). Допирование наночастиц ионами редкоземельных металлов позволяет модифицировать степень окисления поверхности и увеличивать число кислородных вакансий, что приводит к модификации биокаталитической активности. В работе представлены результаты изучения каталитической активности чистых и допированных наночастиц диоксида церия, стабилизированных мальтодекстрином, на примере проявления ими пероксидазной и оксидазной миметической активности.Cerium oxide nanoparticles are characterized by active participation in redox processes. They can perform the function of several enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, oxidase, etc.). Nanoparticles doping with rare earth metal ions allows us to modify the oxidation level of the surface and increase the number of oxygen vacancies. As a result, biocatalytic activity is modified. The activity of pure and doped maltodextrin-coated cerium dioxide nanoparticles is compared in the present paper using the example of peroxidase and oxidase mimetic activity

INNOVATIVE APPROACH IN PREPARING STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES

В статье поднимается вопрос о специфики подхода к обучению в технических вузах с применением инновационных методик. Предложены инновационные решения, позволяющие улучшить качество образованияThe article raises the question of the specifics of the approach to training in technical universities. The proposed innovative solutions to improve the quality of educatio

Quantitative assessment of the effect of cerium dioxide nanoparticles doping with trivalent rare earth ions on enzymatic activity

The purpose of the study is to get the quantitative characteristics of the peroxidase and oxidase activity reactions of pure and doped cerium dioxide nanoparticles.Цель исследования - получить количественные характеристики кинетических параметров реакций пероксидазной и оксидазной активности чистых и допированных наночастиц диоксида церия

Multi-Enzymatic Activity of Maltodextrin-Coated Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles

Наночастицы оксида церия способны выполнять функцию целого ряда ферментов (каталаза, супероксиддисмутаза, пероксидаза и т.п.) и могут быть классифицированы как нанозимы. В работе проведен обзор фактических данных о ферментативной миметической активности наночастиц диоксида церия. Исследована способность наночастиц диоксида церия проявлять мультиферментативную активность и выполнять функции естественных энзимов: каталазы, пероксидазы, оксидазы.Cerium oxide nanoparticles can perform the function of several enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, etc.) and be classified as nanozymes. The paper reviews the data on enzyme-like mimetic activity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles. The ability of cerium dioxide nanoparticles to exhibit multi-enzymatic activity and perform the functions of natural enzymes: catalase, peroxidase, oxidase is studied

PROSPECTS FOR USE RARE EARTH METAL OXIDES NANOPARTICLES IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Rare earth metal dioxide nanoparticles are promising as analogs of biological enzymes. The main research problem is the high dependence on both the structure of nanoparticles and the reaction conditions. Research is aimed at identifying the optimal structure of nanoparticles and environment

EFFECT OF CERIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES DOPING WITH RARE EARTH METAL IONS ON THE PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY

Nanocrystalline ceria exhibits photocatalytic properties. Doping with rare earth ions modifies photocatalytic activity by changing the number of cerium atoms and oxygen vacancies. The photocatalytic activity study results of pure and doped CeO2 nanoparticles in organic dyes solutions are presented

OBTAINING AND STUDYING THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF FILMS BASED ON CERIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES

Composites films based on cerium dioxide nanoparticles were obtained. Xanthan gum was used as a matrix. The properties of the films were evaluated using optical microscopy and optical spectrophotometry