Comparison of the Contraceptive Use and Its Related Factors Among Women Seeking Repeat and First-Time Induced Abortions in Iran

Background: Abortion in Iran, like other Islamic countries is severely restricted except in a few exceptions. However, some women who have an unwanted or mistimed pregnancy are seeking abortion. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the contraceptive use and its related factors among repeat and first- time induced abortion seekers in Iran. Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 417 married women (age range, 15-49 years) seeking abortion services at either a hospital or private office in Maku City, the northwest of Iran, were selected through convenience sampling between December 2010 and March 2011. All the subjects were asked about the contraceptive methods used during the three months before the current pregnancy and the use of any emergency contraception and forced sex. Women who mentioned reasons except than completing family size for their applying for abortion were excluded from the analysis . Characteristics of women were examined using chi-square and t test. T test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare contraceptive methods and the regularity of contraceptive use between repeat and first-time abortion seekers, respectively. Results: About 33.8% of the repeat abortion-seekers and 76.8% of first-time abortion seekers were using male methods (withdrawal and condom). Utilization of an intrauterine device for birth control was higher among women seeking repeat abortion than in first-time abortion seekers (P = 0.003). All of 31 pill users in the repeat abortion-seeking group missed three or more pills per month for three times during the three months before contraception. The repeat abortion seekers had used condom more regularly than those in the first-time abortion seekers. Forced sex was more prevalent in the abortion seekers who had used male method. Conclusions: Using male methods are prevalent in abortion-seeker women. An increased focus is needed on training the regular use of pills and using the emergency contraception for all of the couples who are first-time abortion-seekers. Moreover, information about the role of forced sex might be efficacious in decreasing illegally induced repeat abortion in couples who use condom or withdrawal methods

A note on the existence of a unique positive entropy solution to a fractional Laplacian with singular nonlinearities

In this paper, we prove the existence of a unique positive entropy solution to a fractional Laplacian problem involving nonlinear singular terms and also a non-negative bounded Radon measure as a source term.Comment: We are grateful for any feedback or comment

A fractional Laplacian problem with mixed singular nonlinearities and nonregular data

In this note, we study the existence and uniqueness of a positive solution to a doubly singular fractional problem with nonregular data. Besides, for some cases, we will show the existence and uniqueness of another notion of a solution, so-called entropy solution. Also, with suitable assumptions on data, we will discuss the uniqueness. Finally, we will have some relaxation on the assumption to prove the existence results.Comment: We are grateful for any feedback or comments. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.0471

The effects of interaction of Dopaminergic and Kisspeptin neural pathways on Ghrelin secretion in rats

Dopamine, kisspeptin and ghrelin are important factors for regulating the reproduction and food intake. Finding the effective central or peripheral factors on ghrelin secretion attracted the attention of most researches. In the present experimental study, the effects of dopamine, kisspeptin and the GPR54 receptor signaling pathway role in the mediating the dopamine effects  was determined on ghrelin secretion. Forty Wistar male rats weighing 220-250g in 8 groups received saline, 1nmol kisspeptin, 5, 15 or 45 microgram dopamine hydrochloride, simultaneous injections of 1nmol peptide 234 and kisspeptin, 15microgram dopamine and kisspeptin or peptide234 and 15microgram dopamine via third cerebral ventricle respectively. Blood samples were collected via tail vein. Mean serum ghrelin concentrations were determined by rat ghrelin kit and ELISA method. Kisspeptin significantly decreased mean serum concentration compared to saline group, while 15 or 45 microgram dopamine significantly increased mean serum ghrelin level compared to saline group. Kisspeptin significantly blocked the stimulatory effects of dopamine on ghrelin secretion compared to dopamine group. Dopaminergic and kisspeptin/GPR54 signaling pathways may interact to control the ghrelin secretion at hypothalamic level. Stimulatory effects of dopamine on ghrelin secretions could exert partly via decreasing the activity of hypothalamic kisspeptin neurons

Nonlocal Lazer-McKenna type problem perturbed by the Hardy's potential and its parabolic equivalence

In this paper, we study the effect of Hardy potential on the existence or non-existence of solutions to a fractional Laplacian problem involving a singular nonlinearity. Also, we mention a stability result.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1412.8159 by other author

Interpersonal Forgiveness based on Spiritual Intelligence Components among High School Male Students of Tabriz

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objective: Forgiveness is a concept taken into consideration in religion and positive psychology, and its constructive role has been emphasized in mental health as well as creating healthy relationships. Different factors can influence forgiveness one of which seems to be spiritual intelligence. Given that, this study aims at prediction of interpersonal forgiveness based on spiritual intelligence components among high school male students of Tabriz.Method: This study had a descriptive correlational approach. A sample of 250 students were selected according to the Morgan table using multi-stage cluster sampling among second-grade high schools of Tabriz city; they filled Spiritual intelligence scale of Abdullahzadeh and interpersonal forgiveness of Ehteshamzadeh & et al. The data were analyzed using statistical methods of Pearson Correlation and Multivariate linear regression. All ethical issues were observed in this study and the researchers declared no conflict of interests.Results: The results indicated a significant and positive relation of "understanding and communication with the origin of the universe", "Spiritual life with the inner core" and "intrinsic orientation" with interpersonal forgiveness (P<0.05), Furthermore, spiritual life could significantly predict interpersonal forgiveness.Conclusion: According to the results it can be said spirituality is the search for the sacred elements, meaning, high awareness and excellence, and spiritual intelligence is the ability to use these subjects that can predict the function and adaptability of individuals so that they have greater forgiveness.For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Please cite this article as: Bayrami M, Mohammadi D. Interpersonal Forgiveness based on Spiritual Intelligence Components among High SchoolMale Students of Tabriz. J Res Relig Health. 2019; 5(1): 19- 28. doi: https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v5i1.1757

The effect of pomegranate juice (Punica granatum L.) on the oxidative stress of 15-17 year old girls in Arak

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: استرس اکسیداتیو که در اثر عدم تعادل بین تولید رادیکال‌های آزاد و سیستم دفاع آنتی‌اکسیدانی ایجاد می‌شود در پاتوژنز بیماری های مختلف نقش دارد. این پژوهش با هدف ارزیابی تاثیر آب انار به عنوان آنتی اکسیدان بر استرس اکسیداتیو انجام شد. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه نیمه تجربی 30 نفر از دختران مقطع سنی 17-15 سال پس از تکمیل پرسشنامه از لحاظ معیارهای ورود، به مدت دو هفته روزانه 100 میلی متر آب انار مصرف کردند. پارامترهای استرس اکسیداتیو شامل: ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی تام سرم، گروه های تام تیول و پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی در نمونه خون قبل و بعد از مصرف آب انار ارزیابی شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها از آمار توصیفی و تحلیلی (t زوج) استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: قبل و پس از مصرف دو هفته ای آب انار، میانگین پراکسیداسیون لیپیدی به ترتیب 93/5±3/11 و 3/3±4/6 بود (001/0

The Intravenous Laser Blood Irradiation in Chronic Pain and Fibromyalgia

Intravenous laser blood irradiation was first introduced into therapy by the Soviet scientists EN.Meschalkin and VS.Sergiewski in 1981. Originally this method was developed for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Improvement of rheologic properties of the blood as well as improvement of microcirculation and reduction of the area of infarction has been proved. Further, reduction of dysrhythmia and sudden cardiac death was achieved. At first, only the Helium-Neon laser (632.8 nm) was used in this therapy. For that, a power of 1-3mW and a period of exposure of 20-60 minutes were applied. The treatments were carried out once or twice a day up to ten appointments in all1. In the years after, many, and for the most part Russian studies showed  that helium-neon laser had various effects on many organs and on the hematologic and immunologic system. The studies were published mainly in Russian which were little known in the West because of decades of political separation, and were regarded with disapproval. Besides clinical research and application for patients, the cell biological basis was developed by the Estonian cell biologist Tiina Karuat the same time. An abstract is to be found in her work “The Science of Low-Power Laser-Therapy

The Factors Contributing to Domestic Violence from the Perspective of Iranian Couples: A Qualitative Study

Introduction: Domestic violence is the most common form of violence against women. Negative health outcomes caused by domestic violence have been recognized as a public health problem with extensive effects on society. The main objective of this study was to explore Iranian couples’ experiences of domestic violence. Methods: This study was carried out through a qualitative approach and a conventional content analysis method in 2015 in Mashhad, Iran. Fifteen couples (15 women and 15 men) were selected from five health centers in Mashhad using purposive sampling. Data were collected through individual in-depth semi-structured interviews with the participants about their perceptions and experiences of factors underlying domestic violence. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's content analysis approach with MAXQDA software. Results: The results of this study revealed three main themes including social factors affecting violence (the family’s economic position, culture and values, and social support), interpersonal relations (the type of marriage and life skills), and personal factors (intrinsic factors and acquired factors). Conclusion: Given that social, interpersonal, and personal factors such as economic problems, social culture, low social support, low education levels, addiction, and the absence of life skills can lead to the outbreak of domestic violence among couples, there is a need to train couples to adopt effective strategies to reduce domestic violence in the family and seek help from support centers

Happiness and Willingness to Communicate in Three Attachment Styles: A Study on College Students

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate happiness and willingness to communicate in three attachment styles on college students. using cluster sampling method, 400 students were selected as sample. Hazan and Shaver‘s Adult attachment styles scale, Memorial University of Newfoundland Scale of Happiness (MUNSCH) and willingness to communicate scale were used for collecting of data. Data analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc multiple comparison were performed. the results showed that there are significant difference among attachment styles on happiness. Students with secure attachment style than non-secure have a higher happiness and student with avoidant attachment style compared with ambivalent attachment have a higher happiness. Another result showed that there are significant differences among attachment styles on willingness to communicate. Students with secure attachment style than non-secure students have a higher willingness to communicate and also students with ambivalent attachment style compared with avoidant students have a higher willingness to communicate. these results suggest that secure attachment style is a main factor in happiness and willingness to communicate of individuals