Influencia de las técnicas de aspersión y tanque de agua en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas en unidades de albañilería Tipo I, II y III en Nuevo Chimbote - 2021

El informe de investigación titulado “Influencia de las técnicas de aspersión y tanque de agua en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas en unidades de albañilería Tipo I, II y III en Nuevo Chimbote - 2021”, tuvo como objetivo general determinar la Influencia de las técnicas de aspersión y tanque de agua en las propiedades físicas y mecánicas en unidades de albañilería Tipo I, II y III en Nuevo Chimbote – 2021. La investigación estuvo direccionada al diseño no experimental, descriptivo - longitudinal, así mismo, se determinó una población y muestra total de 78 unidades de albañilería (8 de resistencia a la compresión, 6 de absorción, 6 de alabeo y 6 de variación dimensional, estas fueron según el tipo de ladrillo y método de curado). Para la recolección de datos, se aplicó instrumentos de evaluación, los cuales fueron determinados como protocolos, estos estos estuvieron indicados en la norma E.070 y la NTP 399.613 (resistencia a la compresión, alabeo, variación dimensional y absorción). Luego de la utilización de los instrumentos, se llegó a la conclusión que las técnicas de curado influyen significativamente en las propiedades mecánicas de las unidades de albañilería, en especial en la resistencia a la compresión, adicionalmente se definió que la técnica que genero mayores aportes, fue el método de tanque de agua, puesto que, al estar en contacto continuo con el agua, se controla mejor la temperatura, prolongando las contracciones internas que se generó en el concreto

Association of Mortality and Risk of Epilepsy With Type of Acute Symptomatic Seizure After Ischemic Stroke and an Updated Prognostic Model

IMPORTANCE: Acute symptomatic seizures occurring within 7 days after ischemic stroke may be associated with an increased mortality and risk of epilepsy. It is unknown whether the type of acute symptomatic seizure influences this risk. OBJECTIVE: To compare mortality and risk of epilepsy following different types of acute symptomatic seizures. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study analyzed data acquired from 2002 to 2019 from 9 tertiary referral centers. The derivation cohort included adults from 7 cohorts and 2 case-control studies with neuroimaging-confirmed ischemic stroke and without a history of seizures. Replication in 3 separate cohorts included adults with acute symptomatic status epilepticus after neuroimaging-confirmed ischemic stroke. The final data analysis was performed in July 2022. EXPOSURES: Type of acute symptomatic seizure. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: All-cause mortality and epilepsy (at least 1 unprovoked seizure presenting >7 days after stroke). RESULTS: A total of 4552 adults were included in the derivation cohort (2547 male participants [56%]; 2005 female [44%]; median age, 73 years [IQR, 62-81]). Acute symptomatic seizures occurred in 226 individuals (5%), of whom 8 (0.2%) presented with status epilepticus. In patients with acute symptomatic status epilepticus, 10-year mortality was 79% compared with 30% in those with short acute symptomatic seizures and 11% in those without seizures. The 10-year risk of epilepsy in stroke survivors with acute symptomatic status epilepticus was 81%, compared with 40% in survivors with short acute symptomatic seizures and 13% in survivors without seizures. In a replication cohort of 39 individuals with acute symptomatic status epilepticus after ischemic stroke (24 female; median age, 78 years), the 10-year risk of mortality and epilepsy was 76% and 88%, respectively. We updated a previously described prognostic model (SeLECT 2.0) with the type of acute symptomatic seizures as a covariate. SeLECT 2.0 successfully captured cases at high risk of poststroke epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this study, individuals with stroke and acute symptomatic seizures presenting as status epilepticus had a higher mortality and risk of epilepsy compared with those with short acute symptomatic seizures or no seizures. The SeLECT 2.0 prognostic model adequately reflected the risk of epilepsy in high-risk cases and may inform decisions on the continuation of antiseizure medication treatment and the methods and frequency of follow-up

Analyses of mortality and prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in Colombia, South America (2014-2016): A cross-sectional and ecological study

Background: Stroke is the second cause of death and the first cause of disability worldwide. However, although numerous reports regarding stroke epidemiology in Latin America have been published, they differ widely in terms of employed methods and end points. This is the first of a series of articles that describes the epidemiology of stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases (CVD) in the nation, as well as their correlation with recognized risk factors and social variables. Methods: Descriptive analyses were performed using the Colombian vital registration system and social security information system as primary data sources. Rates and ratios were calculated, corrected for under-registration, and standardized. Secondary analyses were made using data from national surveys and government organizations on hypertension, diabetes mellitus, sedentarism, obesity, tobacco and alcohol consumption, and unsatisfied basic needs. Factorial multivariate multiple regression analyses were performed to evaluate correlations. Concentration curves and indices were calculated to evaluate for inequities in the distribution of events. Results: Global CVD had a national mortality rate and a prevalence ratio of 28 and 142 per 100,000 persons, respectively. Nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage had the highest mortality rate (ie, 15 per 100,000), while cerebral infarction and transitory cerebral ischemia had the highest prevalence ratios (ie, 28 and 29 per 100,000, respectively). Hypertension and tobacco use were the most relevant risk factors for most of the simple and multiple models, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy and nonpyogenous intracranial venous thrombosis were the disease categories with the most socially unequal distribution of deaths and cases (ie, concentration indices of .34 and .29, respectively). Conclusions: CVDs are a cause for concern in Colombia and a marker of healthcare inequality and social vulnerability. Nationwide control of risk factors such as hypertension and tobacco use, as well as the design and conduct of public policy focused on the vulnerable and medically underserved regions and on standardizing mandatory CVD registries might ease its burden

Association of Mortality and Risk of Epilepsy With Type of Acute Symptomatic Seizure After Ischemic Stroke and an Updated Prognostic Model

Importance: Acute symptomatic seizures occurring within 7 days after ischemic stroke may be associated with an increased mortality and risk of epilepsy. It is unknown whether the type of acute symptomatic seizure influences this risk. Objective: To compare mortality and risk of epilepsy following different types of acute symptomatic seizures.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study analyzed data acquired from 2002 to 2019 from 9 tertiary referral centers. The derivation cohort included adults from 7 cohorts and 2 case-control studies with neuroimaging-confirmed ischemic stroke and without a history of seizures. Replication in 3 separate cohorts included adults with acute symptomatic status epilepticus after neuroimaging-confirmed ischemic stroke. The final data analysis was performed in July 2022. Exposures: Type of acute symptomatic seizure.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAll-cause mortality and epilepsy (at least 1 unprovoked seizure presenting >7 days after stroke). Results: A total of 4552 adults were included in the derivation cohort (2547 male participants [56%]; 2005 female [44%]; median age, 73 years [IQR, 62-81]). Acute symptomatic seizures occurred in 226 individuals (5%), of whom 8 (0.2%) presented with status epilepticus. In patients with acute symptomatic status epilepticus, 10-year mortality was 79% compared with 30% in those with short acute symptomatic seizures and 11% in those without seizures. The 10-year risk of epilepsy in stroke survivors with acute symptomatic status epilepticus was 81%, compared with 40% in survivors with short acute symptomatic seizures and 13% in survivors without seizures. In a replication cohort of 39 individuals with acute symptomatic status epilepticus after ischemic stroke (24 female; median age, 78 years), the 10-year risk of mortality and epilepsy was 76% and 88%, respectively. We updated a previously described prognostic model (SeLECT 2.0) with the type of acute symptomatic seizures as a covariate. SeLECT 2.0 successfully captured cases at high risk of poststroke epilepsy. Conclusions and Relevance: In this study, individuals with stroke and acute symptomatic seizures presenting as status epilepticus had a higher mortality and risk of epilepsy compared with those with short acute symptomatic seizures or no seizures. The SeLECT 2.0 prognostic model adequately reflected the risk of epilepsy in high-risk cases and may inform decisions on the continuation of antiseizure medication treatment and the methods and frequency of follow-up

Association of Mortality and Risk of Epilepsy With Type of Acute Symptomatic Seizure After Ischemic Stroke and an Updated Prognostic Model

Importance: Acute symptomatic seizures occurring within 7 days after ischemic stroke may be associated with an increased mortality and risk of epilepsy. It is unknown whether the type of acute symptomatic seizure influences this risk. Objective: To compare mortality and risk of epilepsy following different types of acute symptomatic seizures. Design, setting, and participants: This cohort study analyzed data acquired from 2002 to 2019 from 9 tertiary referral centers. The derivation cohort included adults from 7 cohorts and 2 case-control studies with neuroimaging-confirmed ischemic stroke and without a history of seizures. Replication in 3 separate cohorts included adults with acute symptomatic status epilepticus after neuroimaging-confirmed ischemic stroke. The final data analysis was performed in July 2022. Exposures: Type of acute symptomatic seizure. Main outcomes and measures: All-cause mortality and epilepsy (at least 1 unprovoked seizure presenting >7 days after stroke). Results: A total of 4552 adults were included in the derivation cohort (2547 male participants [56%]; 2005 female [44%]; median age, 73 years [IQR, 62-81]). Acute symptomatic seizures occurred in 226 individuals (5%), of whom 8 (0.2%) presented with status epilepticus. In patients with acute symptomatic status epilepticus, 10-year mortality was 79% compared with 30% in those with short acute symptomatic seizures and 11% in those without seizures. The 10-year risk of epilepsy in stroke survivors with acute symptomatic status epilepticus was 81%, compared with 40% in survivors with short acute symptomatic seizures and 13% in survivors without seizures. In a replication cohort of 39 individuals with acute symptomatic status epilepticus after ischemic stroke (24 female; median age, 78 years), the 10-year risk of mortality and epilepsy was 76% and 88%, respectively. We updated a previously described prognostic model (SeLECT 2.0) with the type of acute symptomatic seizures as a covariate. SeLECT 2.0 successfully captured cases at high risk of poststroke epilepsy. Conclusions and relevance: In this study, individuals with stroke and acute symptomatic seizures presenting as status epilepticus had a higher mortality and risk of epilepsy compared with those with short acute symptomatic seizures or no seizures. The SeLECT 2.0 prognostic model adequately reflected the risk of epilepsy in high-risk cases and may inform decisions on the continuation of antiseizure medication treatment and the methods and frequency of follow-up