15 research outputs found
Les gliflozines (iSGLT2) en rĂ©ponse au risque dâinsuffisance cardiaque chronique chez les patients diabĂ©tiques de type 2
Gliflozins, a new drug class also called SGLT2 co-transporter inhibitors, appeared more than 10 years ago, but very recently in France (2020). These drugs, initially developed as oral antidiabetics due to their antihyperglycemic effect, in fact quickly became âorgan-protectingâ drugs. Indeed, real protection against the occurrence of cardiovascular events, in particular hospitalizations for heart failure and cardiovascular mortality, as well as a slowing down of the progression of chronic kidney disease have modified the place of this class in the therapeutic strategy, in particular for type 2 diabetes. Today, SGLT2i are strongly recommended in the prevention and treatment of heart failure (all ejection fraction continuum) and chronic kidney disease, the two most serious and frequent comorbidities of type 2 diabetes. Based mainly on the results of important and recent clinical studies, the objective of this thesis is to highlight the paradigm shift in the management of type II diabetes, and in this context discuss the benefits provided by SGLT2 inhibitors in the management of diabetic patients (but not only) in terms of organ protection, cardiovascular and renal risk reduction, and mainly heart failure hospitalization risk reduction.Les gliflozines, nouvelle classe mĂ©dicamenteuse appelĂ©e aussi inhibiteurs des co-transporteurs SGLT2, sont apparues il y a plus de 10 ans, mais beaucoup rĂ©cemment en France (2020). Ces mĂ©dicaments, initialement dĂ©veloppĂ©s comme antidiabĂ©tiques oraux grĂące Ă leur effet antihyperglycĂ©mique, sont en fait rapidement devenus des mĂ©dicaments « protecteurs dâorganes ». Effectivement, une vĂ©ritable protection face Ă la survenue dâĂ©vĂšnement cardiovasculaires, notamment dâhospitalisations pour insuffisance cardiaque et de mortalitĂ© cardiovasculaire ainsi quâun ralentissement de la progression de la maladie rĂ©nale ont modifiĂ© la place de cette classe dans la stratĂ©gie thĂ©rapeutique, notamment du diabĂšte de type 2. Aujourdâhui, les iSGLT2 sont fortement recommandĂ©s dans la prĂ©vention et le traitement de lâinsuffisance cardiaque (toutes fractions dâĂ©jection confondues) et de la maladie rĂ©nale chronique, les deux comorbiditĂ©s les plus graves et frĂ©quentes du diabĂšte de type 2. En se basant principalement sur les rĂ©sultats des Ă©tudes cliniques importantes et rĂ©centes, lâobjectif de cette thĂšse est de mettre en avant le changement de paradigme dans la prise en charge du diabĂšte de type II, et dans ce contexte discuter des bĂ©nĂ©fices apportĂ©s par les inhibiteurs SGLT2 dans la prise en charge des patients diabĂ©tiques (mais pas seulement) en termes de protection dâorganes, de rĂ©duction du risque cardiovasculaire et rĂ©nal mais surtout dâinsuffisance cardiaque
l -Prolinoyl chiral picket iron porphyrins evaluated for the enantioselective epoxidation of alkenes
International audienceFour atropisomers of an L-prolinoyl picket porphyrin were synthesised from tetra-o-aminophenyl porphyrin (TAPP) and were evaluated as alkene epoxidation catalysts after incorporation of iron in the porphyrin core. In the case of the aaaa atropisomer bearing the four amino groups on the same side, a bulky base was employed in order to suppress the eventual reaction on the non-functionalised side of the porphyrin.The resulting enantioselectivities were compared with either other chiral motifs or with the corresponding strapped porphyrins. The enantioselectivities obtained with picket porphyrins are as high as those for strapped porphryins, and in some cases, even higher
Maßtrise de la iatrogénie et des coûts médicamenteux (contribution du paramétrage d'un logiciel d'aide à la prescription)
CAEN-BU Médecine pharmacie (141182102) / SudocLYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF
Prise en charge de l'ostéoporose post-ménopausique (physiopathologie, diagnostic, stratégies thérapeutiques, conseils aux patientes)
L'ostĂ©oporose post-mĂ©nopausique est une maladie diffuse du squelette survenant dans le cadre de la mĂ©nopause et caractĂ©risĂ©e par une diminution de la rĂ©sistance osseuse entraĂźnant un risque accru de fracture. On estime que 40 % des femmes de plus de 50 ans souffriront d'une ou plusieurs fractures ostĂ©oporotiques majeures (fracture du col du fĂ©mur, fracture vertĂ©brale, fracture du poignet). Avec le vieillissement de la population l'ostĂ©oporose post-mĂ©nopausique reprĂ©sente un enjeu majeur de santĂ© publique pour les prochaines dĂ©cennies. Sa prise en charge nĂ©cessite une double approche : prĂ©venir l'ostĂ©oporose et Ă©viter la survenue de fracture. Elle repose Ă la fois sur un traitement prĂ©ventif non mĂ©dicamenteux et sur un traitement pharmacologique. L'arsenal thĂ©rapeutique comprend ainsi les bisphosphonates, les THM, le SERM (raloxifĂšne), le tĂ©riparatide, et le ranĂ©late de strontium. L'Afssaps en 2006 a Ă©mis des recommandations concernant les stratĂ©gies thĂ©rapeutiques. L'objectif de ce document est donc de faire un point sur la physiopathologie et le diagnostic de l'ostĂ©oporose postmĂ©nopausique ainsi que sur les traitements pharmacologiques et non pharmacologiques Ă privilĂ©gier dans cette indication. Des fiches de conseils et d'information aux patients pouvant ĂȘtre dispensĂ©es en officine sont Ă©galement proposĂ©es. En effet, comme pour toute maladie chronique, l'efficacitĂ© de la prise en charge repose sur l'observance. Ainsi le pharmacien, en tant que professionnel de santĂ©, joue un rĂŽle important dans celle-ci par l'information et le dialogue.ROUEN-BU MĂ©decine-Pharmacie (765402102) / SudocSudocFranceF
Proline-Modified Porphyrin Catalysts for Enantioselective Epoxidations: Design, Synthesis, and Reactivity
International audienceThe syntheses of various strapped and âpicket-fenceĂ chiral porphyrins are described, and their reactivities towards the enantioselective epoxidation of alkenes are reported. Four L-proline residues provide the chiralityfor the various meso-substituted catalysts, which differ by either the spatial arrangement of the stereogenic centers or the nature and length of the straps. The resulting bridged structures possess four amide linkages ineach strap, leading to highly rigid molecules with well-defined geometries whereas the strapped Fe catalysts gave rise to only moderate enantioselectivities, the C2-symmetrical ones being superior to the D2-symmetrical compounds. The D2-symmetrical "picket-fence" porphyrins were as selective as their strapped counterparts
Synthesis and Spectral and Structural Characterization of a New Series of Bis-Strapped Chiral Porphyrins Derived from L-Proline
International audienceNew chiral porphyrins were obtained in reasonable yields in three steps, starting from the åùåù atropisomer of mesotetrakis(o-aminophenyl)porphyrin (TAPP). These potential catalysts for the enantioselective epoxidation of alkenes were obtained by the reaction of different linkers on the same Lprolinoyl-picket porphyrin. Their 1H NMR spectral characteristics, as well as the crystal structure of one of them, clearly indicate that the orientation of the proline cycle depends on the linker used to tether the two pickets on each side of the porphyrin. The same linker is employed for both sides of the porphyrin; hence the resulting D2-symmetric superstructure
Investigation of the Enantioselectivity Observed in Epoxidation Reactions Catalysed by Bis-Strapped Chiral Porphyrins Derived from L-Proline
International audienceThe enantiomeric excesses obtained during the epoxidation reactions of p-chlorostyrene or 1,2-dihydronaphthalene catalysed by two different series of chiral porphyrins are reported. An attempt is made to correlate the enantioselectivity with the steric hindrance generated by the straps of thesecatalysts. It is shown that this steric hindrance is influenced by the nature of the strap and that it can be approximated. Additionally, the same strap is tethered in two different fashions on each side of the porphyrin, leading to either D2- or C2-symmetrical catalysts, for which the two sides are identically functionalised
Infections bactériennes néonatales précoces (épidémiologie, prévention et prise en charge à la maternité de l'hÎpital Jeanne de Flandre (CHRU Lille) en 2005)
LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF
Further synthetic and structural investigations of new pre-organized picket porphyrins
International audienc