El marketing deportivo como estrategia para el futbol profesional Ecuatoriano (Original)

This article aims to make a measured survey on the implementation of sports marketing in institutions of professional football category A of Ecuador , according to the approach of authors from the category Kotler (2010) , Molina and Aguiar (2003 ) , Munuera and Rodriguez (2007 ) , Mullin (2007), Smith (2012) , Loverlock (2004 ) , established that the sports marketing maintains a linking different own exercises to shape and meet the needs and desires of different types of consumers. (Hawkins 2005), Schiffman (2005), Blackwell (2002) Protester that influence people's attitudes and reflect on the lifestyle they lead. According to Molina and Aguiar (2003) the sports market is one that emits differentiations with competitors, for which it is necessary to institute a plan brand that is the promoter determines the product or services that are to be placed in the market and finally issued conclusions.El presente artículo tiene como finalidad de realizar un estudio mesurado sobre la aplicación del marketing deportivo en las instituciones de futbol profesional categoría A del Ecuador, de acuerdo al enfoque de autores de la categoría Kotler(2010), Molina y Aguiar (2003 ), Munuera y Rodriguez ( 2007 ), Mullin (2007), Smith (2012), Loverlock (2004), establecen, que el marketing deportivo mantiene una vinculación de diferentes ejercicios propios para plasmar y satisfacer  las necesidades y deseos de los consumidores del futbol. (Hawkins 2005), Schiffman (2005), Blackwell (2002), manifiestan que las actitudes de las personas influyen y reflejan en el estilo de vida que llevan. Según Molina y Aguiar (2003) el mercado deportivo es aquel que emite diferenciaciones con los competidores, para lo cual es necesario instituir un plan de marca que sea el promotor que determine el producto o servicios que se pretende ubicar en el mercado y finalmente se emiten conclusiones

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low- and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially