How Changing Prudence and Risk Aversion Affect Optimal Saving

We show how optimal saving in a two-period model is affected when prudence and riskaversion of the underlying utility function change. Increasing prudence alone will induce higher savings only if, for certain combinations of the interest rate and the pure time discount rate, there is distributional neutrality between the two periods. Otherwise, changes of risk aversion that affect the distribution between the periods must also be taken into account.prudence, risk aversion, saving, intergenerational distribution

Interaction of Lanthanum with Boron and Carbon: Phase Diagram and Structural Chemistry

International audienceThe isothermal section of the La-B-C phase diagram at 1,270 K has been investigated by means of X-ray, neutron powder diffraction, microstructure and EPMA analyses. Eight ternary compounds were found, and for six of them, the crystal structures have been established. The phase with the structure type of La5B2C6 has a broad homogeneity range described by the formula La5(BC) x (5.6 ≤ x ≤ 8.8). The lanthanum sesquicarbide La2C3 exhibits an extended solid solution in the ternary domain La2C3−x B x (x = 0.4). The boron substitution of carbon leads to the decrease of the superconducting temperature from 13.4 K for La2C3 to 10.0 K for La2C2.8B0.2 and from 5.6 K for La2C2.7 to 4.1 K for La2C2.6B0.4. The compositions of two new compounds ~La4B3C12 and ~La4B5C18 were found via WDX analysis

Conceptual challenges for the evaluation of digital repositories with multiple access options

The evaluation of digital repositories with multiple access options poses various questions concerning the choice of an appropriate methodology and an adequate evaluation setting. Especially when semantic concepts are represented by visual components a multimethodology approach needs to be taken. This paper discusses such an approach for coping with the various challenges. This work is based on a digital image repository that allows multiple access via semantic concepts such as topic maps, classical full-text search and content-based image retrieval. This system is the central part of a research project known as Living Memory

Mesopotamien: Späturuk-Zeit und Frühdynastische Zeit

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Position controlled self-catalyzed growth of GaAs nanowires by molecular beam epitaxy

GaAs nanowires are grown by molecular beam epitaxy using a self-catalyzed, Ga-assisted growth technique. Position control is achieved by nano-patterning a SiO2 layer with arrays of holes with a hole diameter of 85 nm and a hole pitch varying between 200 nm and 2 \mum. Gallium droplets form preferentially at the etched holes acting as catalyst for the nanowire growth. The nanowires have hexagonal cross-sections with {110} side facets and crystallize predominantly in zincblende. The interdistance dependence of the nanowire growth rate indicates a change of the III/V ratio towards As-rich conditions for large hole distances inhibiting NW growth.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure

TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP QUALITIES DURING THE FINANCIAL CRISIS - A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF CEOS LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS

The present study investigates whether the leadership qualities of CEOs from major U.S. companies changes in times of the Financial Crisis. The focus lays on important transformational leadership qualities and their corresponding linguistic markers. These have been previously identified to be either, a crucial part of effective leadership, or leadership in general. Leadership attributes are measured through the quantitative content analysis software Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count 2015 (LIWC2015). The written language use of 104 CEOs within 594 letters to shareholders is investigated on the change of a) Visionary-, b) Present Achievement- and c) Emotionality scores (as measured through positive and negative emotion words). The results reveal significant changes of Present Achievement and Emotionality scores. The findings show that the Financial Crisis provoked substantial changes in linguistic indicators of transformational leadership qualities. Further, in times of crisis, some favorable leadership attributes seem to become highlighted, whereas other important aspects dramatically decrease. Lastly, the limitations and future directions are discussed