Utilização de Base de Dados Georreferenciados na criação e gestão da APA de Descalvado.

O trabalho divulga as técnicas de geoprocessamento e sensoriamento remoto, utilizadas na caracterização ambiental da Área de Proteção Ambiental (APA) de Descalvado, em São Paulo, visando a elaboração de diagnósticos, estabelecimento de bases para o zoneamento e produção de material cartográfico

Aplicação de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto na estimativa da biomassa vegetal de pastagem no Mato Grosso do Sul.

As técnicas de sensoriamento remoto têm sido promissoras para o desenvolvimento de medidas confiáveis e economicamente viáveis da produção vegetal em grandes áreas. Este trabalho objetivou aplicação de técnicas de sensoriamento remoto e do algoritmo SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) na estimativa da biomassa vegetal acima do solo das áreas de pastagem na Fazenda Experimental da Embrapa Gado de Corte, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul. Para a área de estudo, foram encontrados valores de biomassa vegetal variando de 0 a 4.755 kg MS ha-1, com valor médio de 1.981 kg MS ha-

Base de dados geográficos do "Corredor de Nacala", Moçambique.

The demand for agricultural products has been increasing in all countries in the last decades. Together with the decrease in natural resources and the possible impacts to agriculture caused by climatic changes, this aspect has aroused concerns in terms of the development of new global agricultural frontiers. In this context, some regions in Africa have been drawing attention from the world due to their edaphoclimatic conditions, which are favorable for agricultural development. The vision of a modern and dynamic agriculture must be based on the capacity of applying appropriate knowledge and technologies to the environment, as well as to the country´s economic and social situation. Such condition demands the installment of an efficient agricultural innovation system composed by a technical and operational structure which is able to support the agricultural industry along all its stages. Thus, this article aims at presenting some contributions to the formatting of a geographic database of natural resources for the Nacala Corridor, Mozambique. Geotechnology instruments were used for planning, generating and maintaining the accomplished database's data and information. This database will subsidize the integrated management of the region's geographic space from spatial information about landscape, soil, climate, land use, and land cover, thus subsidizing the management of the natural resources and of Mozambique's agricultural sustainability as well

Mapeamento de parâmetros biofísicos e da evapotranspiração no Pantanal usando técnicas de sensoriamento remoto.

Nos últimos anos, técnicas de sensoriamento remoto têm sido aplicadas extensivamente no monitoramento e mapeamento de diversos fenômenos meteorológicos e ambientais. Informações de sensores remotos têm alimentado diversos modelos e algoritmos para obtenção de parâmetros da superfície da terra. O SEBAL é um algoritmo que tem como vantagem a obtenção de parâmetros de superfície da terra com poucos dados observacionais de forma efetiva e econômica. Este trabalho objetivou mapear parâmetros biofísicos e a evapotranspiração real diária no Pantanal por meio do algoritmo SEBAL e imagem Modis/Terra. Os resultados preliminares aqui obtidos sugerem que, numa escala regional, o algoritmo SEBAL pode ser considerado como método de potencial aplicação na região do Pantanal em estudos diversos de processos biofísicos do sistema solo-planta-atmosfera com quantidade limitada de informações de superfície

Catalogação, armazenamento e distribuição dos dados do MacroZEE do Maranhão.

Este trabalho apresenta a solução utilizada pela Embrapa Monitoramento por Satélite para a catalogação, armazenamento e distribuição dos dados geoespaciais do MacroZEE do Estado do Maranhão

Informações geoespaciais para a gestão dos recursos naturais do Corredor de Nacala - Moçambique.

O projeto Embrapa-Moçambique foi baseado nas similaridades edafoclimáticas existentes entre as savanas moçambicanas e o Cerrado brasileiro e objetiva o levantamento e o mapeamento das potencialidades dos recursos naturais de Moçambique. Neste estudo, organizaram-se bases de dados geográficos existentes do Corredor de Nacala, levantaram-se aspectos da legislação ambiental moçambicana, e realizou-se o mapeamento de florestas em distritos específicos deste corredor para a visualização da gestão de recursos naturais. Como resultados já alcançados, destacam-se a geração da base de dados geográficos on-line, a análise preliminar da integração da legislação ambiental em ambiente de sistemas de informação geográfica e o levantamento do uso e da ocupação dos distritos de Mandimba, Cuamba, Malema e Ribaué

Environmental Costs of Government-Sponsored Agrarian Settlements in Brazilian Amazonia

Brazil has presided over the most comprehensive agrarian reform frontier colonization program on Earth, in which ~1.2 million settlers have been translocated by successive governments since the 1970's, mostly into forested hinterlands of Brazilian Amazonia. These settlements encompass 5.3% of this ~5 million km2 region, but have contributed with 13.5% of all land conversion into agropastoral land uses. The Brazilian Federal Agrarian Agency (INCRA) has repeatedly claimed that deforestation in these areas largely predates the sanctioned arrival of new settlers. Here, we quantify rates of natural vegetation conversion across 1911 agrarian settlements allocated to 568 Amazonian counties and compare fire incidence and deforestation rates before and after the official occupation of settlements by migrant farmers. The timing and spatial distribution of deforestation and fires in our analysis provides irrefutable chronological and spatially explicit evidence of agropastoral conversion both inside and immediately outside agrarian settlements over the last decade. Deforestation rates are strongly related to local human population density and road access to regional markets. Agrarian settlements consistently accelerated rates of deforestation and fires, compared to neighboring areas outside settlements, but within the same counties. Relocated smallholders allocated to forest areas undoubtedly operate as pivotal agents of deforestation, and most of the forest clearance occurs in the aftermath of government-induced migration

Framing sustainability in a telecoupled world.

Interactions between distant places are increasingly widespread and influential, often leading to unexpected outcomes with profound implications for sustainability. Numerous sustainability studies have been conducted within a particular place with little attention to the impacts of distant interactions on sustainability in multiple places. although distant forces have been studied, they are usually treated as exogenous variables and feedbacks have rarely been considered. To understand and integrate various distant interactions better, we propose an integrated framework based on telecoupling, an umbrella concept that refers to socioeconomic and environmental interactions over distances. The concept of telecoupling is a logical extension of research on coupled human and natural systems, in which interactions occur within particular geographic locations. The telecoupling framework contains five major interrelated components, i.e., coupled human and natural systems, flows, agents, causes, and effects. We illustrate the framework using two examples of distant interactions associated with trade of agricultural commodities and invasive species, highlight the implications of the framework, and discuss research needs and approaches to move research on telecouplings forward. The framework can help to analyze system components and their interrelationships, identify research gaps, detect hidden costs and untapped benefits, provide a useful means to incorporate feedbacks as well as trade-offs and synergies across multiple systems (sending, receiving, and spillover systems), and improve the understanding of distant interactions and the effectiveness of policies for socioeconomic and environmental sustainability from local to global levels