76 research outputs found

    RoseNNa: A performant, portable library for neural network inference with application to computational fluid dynamics

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    The rise of neural network-based machine learning ushered in high-level libraries, including TensorFlow and PyTorch, to support their functionality. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) researchers have benefited from this trend and produced powerful neural networks that promise shorter simulation times. For example, multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) recurrent-based (RNN) architectures can represent sub-grid physical effects, like turbulence. Implementing neural networks in CFD solvers is challenging because the programming languages used for machine learning and CFD are mostly non-overlapping, We present the roseNNa library, which bridges the gap between neural network inference and CFD. RoseNNa is a non-invasive, lightweight (1000 lines), and performant tool for neural network inference, with focus on the smaller networks used to augment PDE solvers, like those of CFD, which are typically written in C/C++ or Fortran. RoseNNa accomplishes this by automatically converting trained models from typical neural network training packages into a high-performance Fortran library with C and Fortran APIs. This reduces the effort needed to access trained neural networks and maintains performance in the PDE solvers that CFD researchers build and rely upon. Results show that RoseNNa reliably outperforms PyTorch (Python) and libtorch (C++) on MLPs and LSTM RNNs with less than 100 hidden layers and 100 neurons per layer, even after removing the overhead cost of API calls. Speedups range from a factor of about 10 and 2 faster than these established libraries for the smaller and larger ends of the neural network size ranges tested.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure

    Evaluation des Doses Variables du Miel Local de Apis Mellifera adansonii Latr. 1789 du Congo sur les Performances Zootechniques des Poulets de Chair standard

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    Le miel est un produit  qui renferme des propriĂ©tĂ©s nutritives susceptibles de stimuler les performances zootechniques des volailles. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer le taux d’incorporation optimal du miel dans les rations des poulets de chair. Un Ă©chantillon de 105 poussins de chair a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©parti en trois lots de 35 sujets  (tĂ©moin, traitĂ© 1 et traitĂ© 2).Chaque lot a Ă©tĂ© ensuite subdivisĂ© en 5 rĂ©pĂ©titions   de 7 sujets  chacun. Les lots traitĂ©s 1 et 2 ont reçu des doses du miel dans la ration alimentaire respectivement au dĂ©marrage 0,5% et 1%, en croissance 1% et 2% et en finition 1% et 4%. Le premier lot a servi de tĂ©moin. Les lots ont Ă©tĂ© comparĂ©s sur les variables de  la croissance pondĂ©rale.   Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© au cours de la phase de dĂ©marrage une amĂ©lioration significative (P < 0,05)  de  la consommation volontaire des aliments (30,5 g contre 34,8 g), du GMQ (22,7 g/jour contre 23,4 g/ jour), l’IC (1,3 contre 1,4) et le poids vif Ă  14 jours (359g contre 377 g). Par contre au cours de la phase de croissance, aucune diffĂ©rence significative n’a Ă©tĂ© notĂ©e dans la ration contenant 1% de miel. En revanche pendant la phase de finition, une amĂ©lioration significative a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e sur tous les paramètres Ă©tudiĂ©s. Cette Ă©tude suggère l’utilisation du miel Ă  la dose de 0,5% pendant les phases de dĂ©marrage et de croissance et Ă  1% au cours de la phase de finition.   Honey is a natural bee product containing nutritional properties able to stimulate the performance of poultry. The study aimed to determine the optimal rate of honey in the  diets of broiler. A sample of 105 chicks has been randomized and then divided into three groups of 35 chicks each (One control and two treated groups). Then each group was then divided in 5 replicates of 7 chicks. The treated groups received doses of honey at the starting 0.5% and 1%, in growing 1% and 2% finally in finishing stage 1% and 4% respectively. Groups were compared on the growth parameters. The results showed that during the starting stage, a significant improvement (P < 0.05) was observed on feed intake (30.5g vs 34.8g), DWG (22.7g per day vs 23.4g per day), feed efficiency (1.3 vs 1.4) and body live weight (359 vs 377g at 14 days). However, during the growing stage, no significant difference was observed on feed containing 1% of honey. Moreover, during the finishing stage, all the studied parameters were improved by honey at 1%. Therefore, the present study indicated the useful of honey at 0.5% during the starting and growing stages while 1% may be used during the finishing stag

    Evaluation des Doses Variables du Miel Local de Apis Mellifera Adansonii Latr. 1789 dans les Rations des Poulets de Chair

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    Le miel est un produit renfermant des propriĂ©tĂ©s nutritives susceptibles de stimuler les performances zootechniques des volailles. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer le taux d’incorporation optimal du miel dans les rations des poulets de chair. Un Ă©chantillon de 105 poussins de chair a Ă©tĂ©  rĂ©parti en trois lots de 35 sujets et chaque lot  subdivisĂ© en 5  rĂ©pĂ©titions   de 7 sujets. Les lots traitĂ©s 1 et le traitĂ© 2 ont reçu des doses du miel dans la ration alimentaire respectivement au dĂ©marrage 0,5% et 1%, en croissance 1% et 2% et en finition 1% et 4%. Le premier lot a servi de tĂ©moin. Les lots ont Ă©tĂ© comparĂ©s sur les variables de croissance pondĂ©rale.   Les rĂ©sultats ont  montrĂ© au cours de la phase de dĂ©marrage une amĂ©lioration significative (P < 0,05) sur la consommation volontaire des aliments (30,5g contre 34,8g), du GMQ (22,7 g/jour contre 23,4g/ jour), l’IC (1,3 contre 1,4)et le poids vif  Ă  14 jours (359g contre 377g).Par contre au cours de lĂ  phase de croissance, aucune diffĂ©rence significative n’a Ă©tĂ© notĂ©e dans la ration contenant 1% de miel. En revanche pendant la phase de finition, une amĂ©lioration significative a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e sur tous les paramètres Ă©tudiĂ©s. Cette Ă©tude suggère l’utilisation du miel Ă  la dose de 0,5% pendant les phases de dĂ©marrage et de croissance et Ă  1% au cours de la phase de finition.   Honey is a natural bee product containing nutritional properties able to stimulate the performance of poultry. The study aimed to determine the optimal rate of honey in the rations of broiler. A sample of 105 chicks has been randomized and then divided into three groups of 35 chicks each (One control and two treated groups). Then each group was then divided in 5 replicates of 7 chicks. The treated groups received doses of honey at the starting 0.5% and 1%, in growing 1% and 2% finally in finishing stage 1% and 4% respectively. Groups were compared on the growth parameters. The results showed that during the starting stage, a significant improvement (P < 0.05) was observed on feed intake (30.5g vs 34.8g), DWG (22.7g per day vs 23.4g per day), feed efficiency (1.3 vs 1.4) and body live weight (359 vs 377g at 14 days). However, during the growing stage, no significant difference was observed on feed containing 1% of honey. Moreover, during the finishing stage, all the studied parameters were improved by honey at 1%.Therefore, the present study indicated the useful of honey at 0.5% during the starting and growing stages while 1% may be used during the finishing stage

    Evaluation des Doses Variables du Miel Local de Apis Mellifera Adansonii Latr. 1789 dans les Rations des Poulets de Chair

    Get PDF
    Le miel est un produit renfermant des propriĂ©tĂ©s nutritives susceptibles de stimuler les performances zootechniques des volailles. L’objectif de cette Ă©tude Ă©tait de dĂ©terminer le taux d’incorporation optimal du miel dans les rations des poulets de chair. Un Ă©chantillon de 105 poussins de chair a Ă©tĂ©  rĂ©parti en trois lots de 35 sujets et chaque lot  subdivisĂ© en 5  rĂ©pĂ©titions   de 7 sujets. Les lots traitĂ©s 1 et le traitĂ© 2 ont reçu des doses du miel dans la ration alimentaire respectivement au dĂ©marrage 0,5% et 1%, en croissance 1% et 2% et en finition 1% et 4%. Le premier lot a servi de tĂ©moin. Les lots ont Ă©tĂ© comparĂ©s sur les variables de croissance pondĂ©rale.   Les rĂ©sultats ont  montrĂ© au cours de la phase de dĂ©marrage une amĂ©lioration significative (P < 0,05) sur la consommation volontaire des aliments (30,5g contre 34,8g), du GMQ (22,7 g/jour contre 23,4g/ jour), l’IC (1,3 contre 1,4)et le poids vif  Ă  14 jours (359g contre 377g).Par contre au cours de lĂ  phase de croissance, aucune diffĂ©rence significative n’a Ă©tĂ© notĂ©e dans la ration contenant 1% de miel. En revanche pendant la phase de finition, une amĂ©lioration significative a Ă©tĂ© observĂ©e sur tous les paramètres Ă©tudiĂ©s. Cette Ă©tude suggère l’utilisation du miel Ă  la dose de 0,5% pendant les phases de dĂ©marrage et de croissance et Ă  1% au cours de la phase de finition.   Honey is a natural bee product containing nutritional properties able to stimulate the performance of poultry. The study aimed to determine the optimal rate of honey in the rations of broiler. A sample of 105 chicks has been randomized and then divided into three groups of 35 chicks each (One control and two treated groups). Then each group was then divided in 5 replicates of 7 chicks. The treated groups received doses of honey at the starting 0.5% and 1%, in growing 1% and 2% finally in finishing stage 1% and 4% respectively. Groups were compared on the growth parameters. The results showed that during the starting stage, a significant improvement (P < 0.05) was observed on feed intake (30.5g vs 34.8g), DWG (22.7g per day vs 23.4g per day), feed efficiency (1.3 vs 1.4) and body live weight (359 vs 377g at 14 days). However, during the growing stage, no significant difference was observed on feed containing 1% of honey. Moreover, during the finishing stage, all the studied parameters were improved by honey at 1%.Therefore, the present study indicated the useful of honey at 0.5% during the starting and growing stages while 1% may be used during the finishing stage

    Evaluation de l’Alimentation Séquentielle à Base d’une Ration Contenant des Feuilles de Manioc Post -Récolte (Manihot esculenta) sur les Performances Zootechniques des Poulets de Chair Standard en Finition

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    Après la rĂ©colte des tubercules, les feuilles de manioc sont  abandonnĂ©es  dans les champs. Elles sont une source en protĂ©ines brutes  en alimentation sĂ©quentielle chez la volaille. L’objectif de ce travail Ă©tait d’évaluer les performances des poulets de chair nourris avec un aliment Ă  base de ces feuilles dans un mode de distribution sĂ©quentiel. Pour atteindre cet objectif, un Ă©chantillon de 60 poulets de la souche COBB 500 âgĂ©s de 26 jours  a Ă©tĂ©  rĂ©parti  en deux lots (tĂ©moin et traitĂ©). Les oiseaux du lot tĂ©moin ont Ă©tĂ© nourris avec un aliment contenant 5 % de farine de manioc servi dans une seule mangeoire alors que ceux du lot traitĂ© ont reçu  dans une première mangeoire les ingrĂ©dients riches en Ă©nergie  et dans une seconde mangeoire des Ă©lĂ©ments riches en protĂ©ines brutes et en minĂ©raux. Les deux mangeoires ont Ă©tĂ© placĂ©es dans le poulailler Ă  un intervalle de 4 heures. Le traitement  n’a induit aucune mortalitĂ©  et n’ a pas affectĂ© le poids vif final. Cependant, l’alimentation sĂ©quentielle a amĂ©liorĂ© significativement (p Ë‚ 0,05)  la consommation d’eau en S6 (680ml/sujet vs780ml), et   la consommation  des feuilles  de manioc en fin d’expĂ©rimentation (9,4g/sujet vs 11,20g)  L’alimentation sĂ©quentielle a Ă©galement  amĂ©liorĂ©  le GMQ final (38g/jour vs 61g) et  l’indice de consommation final (4,8 vs 3,11). L’économie des matières azotĂ©es en phase de finition a permis un gain de 112,13 F CFA/sujet chez les traitĂ©s. L’incorporation des feuilles de manioc en mode sĂ©quentiel apporte une plus-value en aviculture tropicale.   After harvesting the tubers, the waste cassava leave are left over the fields. They may constitute a source of crude proteins in sequential feeding for poultry. The present study aimed to evaluate the performances of broiler fed with diet- based cassava leaf,   by using a sequential distribution. A sample of 60 chickens of COBB 500 strain, 26 days old was divided into two groups (control and treatment). The birds of  control group  were fed with diet containing  5% of flour of  cassava leaf distributed in a single throughout  whereas those of the treatment  group received in a first feeder  ingredients  more rich in Kcal  and   in  a second feeder  more rich in crude proteins and minerals. The two feeders were placed in the hen house with a 4 hours interval. The treatment did not induce any mortality and does not have affected the final live weight. However, the sequential feeding improved (p Ë‚ 0. 05) water consumption at week 6 (680ml/broiler vs 780ml), and the leaf consumption at the end of the experimentation (9.4g/broiler vs 11,20g). The sequential feeding also improved the final DGW (38g/day vs 61g) and the final index of consumption (4.8 vs 3.11). The best use of crude proteins in sequential feeding allowed a profit of 112.13 F CFA/broiler. The incorporation of waste leaf cassava in poultry diets in a sequential feeding is useful in poultry production in tropical farming

    Incorporation of a Non-Conventional Liana Tetracapidium Conophorum Seed Oil Cake in Based - Diets of Indigenous Batéké Chicks Raised in Close Confinement in Congo

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    The indigenous BatĂ©kĂ© hen (Gallus gallus) has low productivity due to various constraints such as feeding sources. The aim of this study was to improve the productivity of the local hen using a new local protein source: Tetracarpidium conophorum meal. Ninety-six chicks 21-day old from the local population were randomized into 3 groups of 32 birds each (TC0, TC4 and TC6), with one replicate. Tetracarpidium conophorum meal was incorporated into groupsTC4 (4% Tcconophorum oil cake and 11% soya oil cake), TC6 (6% T.conophorum oil cake and 9% soya oil cake) whereas TC0   served as a control group (0% T.conophorum meal and 15% soya oilcake). The experiment started at 3 weeks and lasted at 20 weeks of age. Chickens were fed ad libithum and had free access to drinkers. The treatment decreased mortality rate (3.12 % versus 9.3), On the other hand the treatment improves significantly (p Ë‚ 0.05).  feed intake (56.8 vs 60.1g per day), feed conversion (6.5 vs 5.7), and carcass yield (65.8 % vs 71.3 %). The final body weight at 20 weeks of age was low in all groups (1.200g versus 1300g) at 4% of incorporation of T. conophorum meal. Meat yield. This study indicated to incorporate T.conophorum oil cake at 4% and reducing soya oil cake  from 15% to 11%) in  a small scale poultry farming in Congo

    Evaluation de l’Alimentation Séquentielle à Base d’Une Ration Contenant des Feuilles de Manioc Post -Récolte (Manihot esculenta ) sur les Performances Zootechniques des Poulets de Chair en Phase de Finition

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    Après la rĂ©colte des tubercules, les feuilles de manioc sont disponibles dans les champs en RĂ©publique du Congo. Elles sont une source en protĂ©ines brutes pour l’alimentation des animaux domestiques. ExpĂ©rimentĂ©es dans un mode sĂ©quentiel, elles sont susceptibles d’amĂ©liorer les rendements des poulets de chair. Cette technique consiste Ă  fractionner un ou plusieurs ingrĂ©dient(s) et la prĂ©sentation des fractions est faite en respectant un intervalle de temps en fonction des besoins des animaux. L’objectif du travail Ă©tait d’évaluer les performances des poulets de chair nourris avec un aliment Ă  base de ces feuilles dans un mode de distribution sĂ©quentiel sur les performances des poulets de chair. Pour atteindre cet objectif, un Ă©chantillon de 50 poulets de souche COBB 500 âgĂ©s de 26 jours ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©partis en deux lots (tĂ©moin et traitĂ©). Les oiseaux du lot tĂ©moin ont Ă©tĂ© nourris avec un aliment contenant 5% de farine de manioc dans une seule mangeoire alors que ceux du lot traitĂ© ont reçu un aliment dont les ingrĂ©dients riches en Ă©nergies Ă©taient sĂ©parĂ©s de ceux riches en protĂ©ines et en minĂ©raux distribuĂ©s dans deux mangeoires diffĂ©rentes avec 04 heures de temps d’intervalle pour les deux fractions. Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© que la diffĂ©rence n’est pas significative (p Ë‚ 0,05) sur le GMQ, le poids vif et l’indice de consommation. Cependant, la consommation de la fraction Ă©nergĂ©tique est plus Ă©levĂ©e chez les tĂ©moins que les traitĂ©s (102,88 contre 82,72g). L’économie des matières azotĂ©es en phase de finition a permis un gain de 112,13 F CFA/sujet chez les traitĂ©s. L’incorporation des feuilles de manioc en mode sĂ©quentiel apporte une plus-value en aviculture tropicale.   After harvesting the tubers, cassava leaves are available in the fields in the Republic of Congo. They are a source of crude protein for domestic animal feed. Experimented with in a sequential mode, they are likely to improve broiler yields. This technique consists in fractionating one or more ingredients, and presenting the fractions at time intervals to suit the animals' needs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of broilers fed a feed based on these leaves in a sequential distribution mode. To achieve this objective, a sample of 50 26-day-old COBB 500 chickens was divided into two batches (control and treated). Birds in the control batch were fed a feed containing 5% cassava flour in a single feed trough, while those in the treated batch were fed a feed in which energy-rich ingredients were separated from protein- and mineral-rich ones, distributed in two different feed troughs at 04-hour intervals for the two fractions. The results showed that the difference was not significant (p Ë‚ 0, 05) on GMQ, live weight and feed conversion ratio. However, consumption of the energy fraction was higher in controls than in treatments (102, 88 vs. 82,72g). Nitrogen savings in the finishing phase resulted in a gain of 112, 13 F CFA/subject in the treated group. The incorporation of cassava leaves in sequential mode provides added value in tropical poultry farming

    Evaluation de l’Alimentation Séquentielle à Base d’Une Ration Contenant des Feuilles de Manioc Post -Récolte (Manihot esculenta ) sur les Performances Zootechniques des Poulets de Chair en Phase de Finition

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    Après la rĂ©colte des tubercules, les feuilles de manioc sont disponibles dans les champs en RĂ©publique du Congo. Elles sont une source en protĂ©ines brutes pour l’alimentation des animaux domestiques. ExpĂ©rimentĂ©es dans un mode sĂ©quentiel, elles sont susceptibles d’amĂ©liorer les rendements des poulets de chair. Cette technique consiste Ă  fractionner un ou plusieurs ingrĂ©dient(s) et la prĂ©sentation des fractions est faite en respectant un intervalle de temps en fonction des besoins des animaux. L’objectif du travail Ă©tait d’évaluer les performances des poulets de chair nourris avec un aliment Ă  base de ces feuilles dans un mode de distribution sĂ©quentiel sur les performances des poulets de chair. Pour atteindre cet objectif, un Ă©chantillon de 50 poulets de souche COBB 500 âgĂ©s de 26 jours ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©partis en deux lots (tĂ©moin et traitĂ©). Les oiseaux du lot tĂ©moin ont Ă©tĂ© nourris avec un aliment contenant 5% de farine de manioc dans une seule mangeoire alors que ceux du lot traitĂ© ont reçu un aliment dont les ingrĂ©dients riches en Ă©nergies Ă©taient sĂ©parĂ©s de ceux riches en protĂ©ines et en minĂ©raux distribuĂ©s dans deux mangeoires diffĂ©rentes avec 04 heures de temps d’intervalle pour les deux fractions. Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© que la diffĂ©rence n’est pas significative (p Ë‚ 0,05) sur le GMQ, le poids vif et l’indice de consommation. Cependant, la consommation de la fraction Ă©nergĂ©tique est plus Ă©levĂ©e chez les tĂ©moins que les traitĂ©s (102,88 contre 82,72g). L’économie des matières azotĂ©es en phase de finition a permis un gain de 112,13 F CFA/sujet chez les traitĂ©s. L’incorporation des feuilles de manioc en mode sĂ©quentiel apporte une plus-value en aviculture tropicale.   After harvesting the tubers, cassava leaves are available in the fields in the Republic of Congo. They are a source of crude protein for domestic animal feed. Experimented with in a sequential mode, they are likely to improve broiler yields. This technique consists in fractionating one or more ingredients, and presenting the fractions at time intervals to suit the animals' needs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of broilers fed a feed based on these leaves in a sequential distribution mode. To achieve this objective, a sample of 50 26-day-old COBB 500 chickens was divided into two batches (control and treated). Birds in the control batch were fed a feed containing 5% cassava flour in a single feed trough, while those in the treated batch were fed a feed in which energy-rich ingredients were separated from protein- and mineral-rich ones, distributed in two different feed troughs at 04-hour intervals for the two fractions. The results showed that the difference was not significant (p Ë‚ 0, 05) on GMQ, live weight and feed conversion ratio. However, consumption of the energy fraction was higher in controls than in treatments (102, 88 vs. 82,72g). Nitrogen savings in the finishing phase resulted in a gain of 112, 13 F CFA/subject in the treated group. The incorporation of cassava leaves in sequential mode provides added value in tropical poultry farming

    Incorporation of a Non-Conventional Liana (Tetracapidium conophorum) Seed Oil Cake in Diets of Congolese Indigenous Batéké Chicks Raised Without Outdoor Access

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    The indigenous BatĂ©kĂ© hen (Gallus gallus) has low productivity due to various constraints such as feeding sources. The aim of this study was to improve the productivity of the local hen using a new local protein source: Tetracarpidium conophorum meal.  A sample of ninety-six chicks 21-day old from the local population were randomized into 3 groups of 32 birds each (TC0, TC4 and TC6), with one replicate. In each group. Tetracarpidium conophorum oil cake  was incorporated into groupsTC4 (4% Tcconophorum oil cake and 11% soya oil cake), TC6 (6% T.conophorum oil cake and 9% soya oil cake) whereas TC0   served as a control group (0% T.conophorum meal and 15% soya oilcake). The experiment started at 3 weeks and lasted at 20 weeks of age. Chickens were fed ad libithum and had free access to drinkers. The results  indicated that  mortality rate  decreased (3.12 % versus 9.3),  Also, the treatment improved significantly (p Ë‚ 0.05)  feed intake (56.8 vs 60.1g per day), feed conversion (6.5 vs 5.7), and carcass yield (65.8 % vs 71.3 %). The final body weight at 20 weeks of age has been improved  groups (1.200g versus 1300g) .. This study indicated  that T.conophorum oil cake  may be useful in diets at 4%  thus reducing soya oil cake  from 15% to 11% of incorporation) in  a small scale poultry farming in Congo
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