Pleomorphic liposarcoma of the foot: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Liposarcomas are among the most common sarcomas of adult life. Pleomorphic liposarcoma, characterized by pleomorphic lipoblasts, is the rarest subtype. To our knowledge only three cases of pleomorphic liposarcoma of the foot or ankle have been reported so far.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 71-year-old female presented with a large growing mass on the dorsum of her right foot. Computed tomography showed invasive tumorous mass. Excision biopsy revealed the mass to be a pleomorphic liposarcoma, and below the knee amputation was performed.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although the incidence of pleomorphic liposarcoma in the foot is very low, it is essential to perform thorough histological analysis of all soft tissue masses, regardless of their benign appearance, because only prompt radical surgery can result in a good prognosis for the patient.</p

DEPARTMENT BEFORE DEPARTMENT: HOW WAS THE DEPARTMENT OF PATHOLOGY ESTABLISHED AT THE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB

Autorima rada cilj je prikazati osnutak Zavoda za patologiju Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu. U radu se analiziraju prve godine Zavoda za patologiju, odnosno razdoblje od 1918. do 1922. Naglasak je na izgradnji Zavoda i poteškoćama na koje se pritom nailazilo. U tekstu će biti govora i o osobama koje su bile ključne za pokretanje Zavoda za patologiju. U literaturi se do sada uglavnom navodilo kako je ključna osoba za pokretanje Zavoda za patologiju bio Sergej Saltykow, patolog ruskog podrijetla. Iako je Saltykowljeva uloga neupitna, cilj je rada prikazati još neke koji su u većoj ili manjoj mjeri pridonijeli osnutku Zavoda. Tako će ovdje više riječi biti o Vaclavu Neumannu, Đorđu Joanoviću, Walteru Berlingeru i drugima. Dan je i kraći kontekst s naglaskom na osnutak Medicinskog fakulteta i patologiju u Zagrebu prije osnutka Zavoda za patologiju. Svakako treba istaknuti Prosekturu javnih zdravstvenih zavoda grada Zagreba i zemaljskog zavoda u Stenjevcu te Ljudevita Juraka kao prvog predstojnika. Prosektura je imala ključnu ulogu za razvoj sudske medicine i patologije u Hrvatskoj. Osim dostupne literature, rad je većim dijelom napisan na temelju arhivske građe koja se pretežno nalazi u arhivu Medicinskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu.The authors of the paper aim to present the foundation of the Department of Pathology at the University of Zagreb. The first years of the Department of Pathology, from 1918 to 1922, will be analysed in the paper. The emphasis is on the construction of the Department and the difficulties encountered at the same time. Also, persons who were crucial for the establishment of the Department of Pathology will be discussed. So far, the literature has mostly stated that the initiator of the Department of Pathology was Sergej Saltykow, a pathologist of Russian descent. Although Saltykow’s role is unquestionable, the aim is to present more persons who have more or less contributed to the establishment of the Department. Thus, more will be said about Vaclav Neumann, Đorđe Joanović, Walter Berlinger and others. Besides, the paper will provide a brief context focusing on the establishment of the School of Medicine and pathology in Zagreb before the foundation of the Department of Pathology. The Pathoanatomic Service of The Public Health Divisions in the City of Zagreb and Ljudevit Jurak, the first head of this institution, should certainly be pointed out. The Pathoanatomic Service played a key role in the development of forensic medicine and pathology in Croatia. In addition to available literature, the paper is based on archival materials found in the School of Medicine University of Zagreb archive

Anatomical Study of the Facial Nerve Canal in Comparison to the Site of the Lesion in Bell’s Palsy

The term Bell’s palsy is used for the peripheral paresis of the facial nerve and is of unknown origin. Many studies have been performed to find the cause of the disease, but none has given certain evidence of the etiology. However, the majority of investigators agree that the pathophysiology of the palsy starts with the edema of the facial nerve and consequent entrapment of the nerve in the narrow facial canal in the temporal bone. In this study the authors wanted to find why the majority of the paresis are suprastapedial, i.e. why the entrapment of the nerve mainly occurs in the proximal part of the canal. For this reason they carried out anatomical measurements of the facial canal diameter in 12 temporal bones. By use of a computer program which measures the cross-sectional area from the diameter, they proved that the width of the canal is smaller at its proximal part. Since the nerve is thicker at that point because it contains more nerve fibers, the authors conclude that the discrepancy between the nerve diameter and the surrounding bony walls in the suprastapedial part of the of the canal would, in cases of a swollen nerve after inflammation, cause the facial palsy

Anatomical Study of the Facial Nerve Canal in Comparison to the Site of the Lesion in Bell’s Palsy

The term Bell’s palsy is used for the peripheral paresis of the facial nerve and is of unknown origin. Many studies have been performed to find the cause of the disease, but none has given certain evidence of the etiology. However, the majority of investigators agree that the pathophysiology of the palsy starts with the edema of the facial nerve and consequent entrapment of the nerve in the narrow facial canal in the temporal bone. In this study the authors wanted to find why the majority of the paresis are suprastapedial, i.e. why the entrapment of the nerve mainly occurs in the proximal part of the canal. For this reason they carried out anatomical measurements of the facial canal diameter in 12 temporal bones. By use of a computer program which measures the cross-sectional area from the diameter, they proved that the width of the canal is smaller at its proximal part. Since the nerve is thicker at that point because it contains more nerve fibers, the authors conclude that the discrepancy between the nerve diameter and the surrounding bony walls in the suprastapedial part of the of the canal would, in cases of a swollen nerve after inflammation, cause the facial palsy

Oral and vulvar lichen sclerosus

No abstract availabl

Oral and vulvar lichen sclerosus

No abstract availabl

SYNOVIAL CHONDROMATOSIS

Sinovijalna hondromatoza jest rijetka, benigna proliferativna bolest sinovijalne ovojnice zgloba, tetive ili burze koja u konačnici rezultira novostvorenim slobodnim tijelima. Za nju je tipično da zahvaća samo jednu lokalizaciju kod pojedinog bolesnika, a do danas su opisane 33 različite lokalizacije sinovijalne hondromatoze. U ovom je preglednom članku dan pregled literature o sinovijalnoj hondromatozi, a osobito su naglašene najnovije spoznaje o etiologiji, dijagnostici, diferencijalnoj dijagnostici i liječenju te bolesti. U radu se upozorava i na mogućnost maligne transformacije sinovijalne hondromatoze u sinovijalni hondrosarkom za koju je karakteristično da se javlja nakon višegodišnjeg tijeka bolesti obilježenog brojnim lokalnim recidivima. Na kraju se detaljnije osvrće na osobitosti češćih lokalizacija sinovijalne hondromatoze (rame, lakat, kuk, koljeno i gležanj) te se za svaku od tih lokalizacija iznose smjernice za izbor kirurškog liječenja.Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon benign disorder of the synovial membrane of joints, tendon sheaths, or bursae characterized by the formation of multiple cartilaginous nodules or osseus loose bodies. It is usually a monoarticular disease, and 33 different localizations have been described until now. The aim of this review article is to present the newest knowledge on the etiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and management of synovial chondromatosis. Malignant transformation to chondrosarcoma is an unusual but possible complication. It is closely connected with recurrence rate and usually occurs many years after surgical treatment. More specific details related to surgical treatment of most often affected joints, i.e. shoulder, elbow, hip, knee, and ankle are reported as well at the end of this review article

BPC 157 as a Therapy for Retinal Ischemia Induced by Retrobulbar Application of L-NAME in Rats

Providing NO-system importance, we suggest that one single application of the NOS-blocker L-NAME may induce retinal ischemia in rats, and that the stable pentadecapeptide BPC 157 may be the therapy, since it may interact with the NO-system and may counteract various adverse effects of L-NAME application. A rat retinal ischemia study was conducted throughout 4 weeks, including fundoscopy, behavior presentation, tonometry, and histology assessment. Retrobulbar L-NAME application (5 mg/kg; 0.5 mg/0.1 ml saline/each eye) in rats immediately produced moderate generalized irregularity in the diameter of blood vessels with moderate atrophy of the optic disc and faint presentation of the choroidal blood vessels, and these lesions rapidly progressed to the severe stage. The specific L-NAME–induced vascular failure points to normal intraocular pressure (except to very transitory increase upon drug retrobulbar administration). When BPC 157 (10 μg; 10 ng/kg, as retrobulbar application, 1 μg; 1 ng/0.1 ml saline/each eye) is given at either 20 min after L-NAME or, lately, at 48 h after L-NAME, the regular retrobulbar L-NAME injection findings disappear. Instead, fundoscopy demonstrated only discrete generalized vessel caliber irregularity with mild atrophy of the optic disc, and then, quite rapidly, normal eye background and choroidal blood vessels, which remain in all of the subsequent periods. Also, histology assessment at 1, 2, and 4 weeks shows that BPC 157 counteracted the damaged inner plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer, and revealed normal retinal thickness. The poor behavioral presentation was also rescued. Thus, while further studies will be done, BPC 157 counteracted L-NAME–induced rat retinal ischemia

Comparison of Androgen Receptor, VEGF, HIF-1, Ki67 and MMP9 Expression between Non-Metastatic and Metastatic Stages in Stromal and Tumor Cells of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objectives: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy with low survival as it is very often diagnosed at an advanced stage, which is why the accurate profiling of the tumor is essential. The aim of this study was to, for the first time, compare in OSCC the frequency of AR, VEGF, MMP9, HiF1beta and Ki67 between the non-metastatic and metastatic disease. Materials and Methods: In the study, 96 non-metastatic and 91 metastatic OSCC patients were analysed for AR, VEGF, MMP9, HiF1beta and Ki67 levels by immunohistochemistry. Results: All of the tested biomarkers significantly differed between non-metastatic and metastatic disease. A significant association was found between &gt;/=20% AR positive epithelium cells in cytoplasm, Ki67 and VEGF in cancer stroma. Ki67, HiF1beta, VEGF and MMP9 were significantly associated with TNM stages. Conclusion: Our results show for the first time an interplay between AR, VEGF, MMP9, HiF1beta and Ki67 in OSCC which may contribute to better diagnostics and therapy selection