9 research outputs found
ââTis a reckless Debowch of a Gameâ: Chance and Resistance in Thomas Pynchonâs Novels
This paper seeks to consider games â and more particularly card games and gambling â as an American form of resistance in Thomas Pynchonâs novels. As opposed to agĂŽn, a category of games that Roger Caillois delineates in Man, Play and Games (1958) as âa combat in which equality of chances is artificially created, in order that the adversaries should confront each other under ideal conditions,â alea encompasses games of chance which are âa strict negation of controlled effort, [âŠ] efficacious resort to skill, power, and calculation, and self-control; respect for the rules; the desire to test oneself under conditions of equality.â It will be my contention that alea, in Pynchonâs novels, offers the possibility of an alternative world and becomes a necessary mode of resistance in the face of a plenty-flushed adversity which threatens to hold sway over the American continent. For Pynchonâs players, more often than not cheaters and fraudsters, use such games of chance to fulfil their longing for emancipation and flight, at a time in history when the American continent is about to be mapped by the abstractions of colonial companies and Enlightenment science. Gaming clubs â ranging from taverns in Mason & Dixon to casinos and gambling dens in Gravityâs Rainbow (1973), Against the Day (2006), and Inherent Vice (2009) â can be recognized as heterotopian sites where otherwise dispersed groups of people momentarily gather in order to gain freedom from the ruling few. Although the moralism of Puritan ministers sternly reminded their flocks to refrain from wasting their earnings on rash bets, gambling can thus be envisioned as a way to escape from the hyper-productivity expounded by modernity, intersecting with Walter Benjaminâs discourse on the materialist form of gambling within industrial capitalism. Following Gerda Reithâs and Susan Strangeâs arguments in The Age of Chance (1999) and Casino Capitalism (1986), I will further argue that, in the new capitalist economy, Pynchon anticipates in his novels the attention of late capitalism to new areas for capitalization, overseeing both the commodification of idleness and the insinuation into the fabric of existence of the same risk assessment strategy as that applied by capitalism.Cet article propose dâenvisager le jeu â et plus particuliĂšrement les jeux de cartes et dâargent â comme une forme de rĂ©sistance proprement amĂ©ricaine dans les romans de Thomas Pynchon. Ă lâinverse de lâagĂŽn, groupe de jeux que Roger Caillois dĂ©finit dans Les jeux et les hommes (1967) comme « un combat oĂč lâĂ©galitĂ© des chances est artificiellement crĂ©Ă©e pour que les antagonistes sâaffrontent dans des conditions idĂ©ales, » lâalĂ©a du jeu de hasard, parce quâil « constitue la nĂ©gation stricte dâun effort contrĂŽlĂ©, [âŠ] le recours Ă lâadresse, Ă la puissance, au calcul ; le respect de la rĂšgle ; le dĂ©sir de se mesurer Ă armes Ă©gales, » est imaginĂ© par le romancier comme un monde alternatif qui offre un espace de libertĂ©. Le joueur, souvent tricheur et fraudeur chez Pynchon, peut dĂ©verser son dĂ©sir de dĂ©passement et dâĂ©chappĂ©e des normes sociales qui ordonnent lâAmĂ©rique, au moment oĂč le continent sâapprĂȘte Ă basculer dans les cartes des LumiĂšres et des grandes compagnies coloniales. Cet article propose examiner dâabord la façon dont les terrains de jeu â casinos, auberges, tripots â sâorganisent autour du concept dâhĂ©tĂ©rotopie. Avec des rĂšgles qui leur sont propres, en contrepoint des cartographies officielles, ces espaces marginaux recentrent sur la carte du monde, le temps dâune partie, le joueur dont le comportement est dĂ©viant par rapport Ă la norme exigĂ©e. Le jeu dâargent, oiseux et nĂ©cessairement dissident aux yeux de la morale puritaine, devient alors une façon dâĂ©chapper Ă la rationalisation Ă©conomique du monde : Ă travers lâĂ©tude de la modernitĂ© industrielle esquissĂ©e par Walter Benjamin, nous montrons comment le joueur dĂ©-joue les dĂ©sirs de productivitĂ© du capital. A la lumiĂšre des thĂšses de Gerda Reith dans The Age of Chance (1999) et Susan Strange dans Casino Capitalism (1986), cet article sâintĂ©resse enfin Ă la marchandisation du hasard par le capital : tandis que lâintersection entre la technologie et le jeu crĂ©e de nouveaux types dâenvironnement contrĂŽlĂ©s par lâindustrie du divertissement, le personnage pynchonien est aux prises avec un marchĂ© mondial, oĂč la finance, erratique et imprĂ©visible, sâest transformĂ©e en vaste jeu de hasard
Pynchonâs New Worlds
Introduction On the heels of Thomas Pynchonâs 80th birthday last May, the 2017 edition of International Pynchon Week, organized by BĂ©nĂ©dicte Chorier-Fryd (University of Poitiers) and Gilles Chamerois (University of Western Brittany), was a chance to take stock of a more than fifty-year literary career. With more papers investigating Pynchonâs later novelsâAgainst the Day (2006), Inherent Vice (2009), and Bleeding Edge (2013)â, the conference sought to map Pynchonâs ânew worldsâ as well as rei..
Book Reviews: Spring 2020
Book Reviews, of:Dalsgaard (ed) â Thomas Pynchon in ContextChetwynd, Freer, Maragos (eds) â Thomas Pynchon, Sex, and GenderMogultay â The Ruins of Urban Modernity: Thomas Pynchon's Against the DayAlworth â Site Reading: Fiction, Art, Social FormMullins â Postmodernism in Pieces: Materializing the SocialHenry â New Media and the Transformation of Postmodern American Literature: From Cage to Connectionden Dulk â Existentialist Engagement in Wallace, Eggers, and Foer: A Philosophical Analysis of Contemporary American LiteratureAnderson â Postmodern Artistry in Medievalist Fiction: An International StudyHouser â Ecosickness in Contemporary U.S. Fiction: Environment and AffectPalleau-Papin (ed) â Under Fire; William T. Vollmann, The Rifles: A Critical Study [a note from the Book Reviews Editor: if you're interested in reviewing a book on any aspect of unconventional post-1945 US literature, please send an email proposing a review to [email protected]
Thomas Pynchon or the territories of the fault
GeÌographe picaresque aÌ cheval sur les coÌtes atlantique et pacifique, Thomas Ruggles Pynchon Junior signe une Ćuvre orienteÌe vers lâorigine deÌfectueuse et la trajectoire entropique du continent ameÌricain, sept geÌneÌrations apreÌs la grande migration puritaine aÌ laquelle son anceÌtre William fut lâun des premiers aÌ participer. Lâenjeu de cette theÌse est de revenir sur la façon dont le roman pynchonien cherche aÌ circonscrire les figures de cette latence de la grande faute ameÌricaine, un « vice cacheÌ, » puisque tel est le titre de son avant-dernier roman, pour retrouver la prairie perdue et composer un contre-espace au sein de la fiction. Ouverte aÌ toutes les modulations historiques, la notion de fantasmagorie occupe une Ćuvre ouÌ le flaÌneur, dans un dernier geste de reÌsistance politique, est meneÌ aÌ deÌchiffrer la crise dâune surface surcodeÌe par la deÌformation optique et les reflets trompeurs de la ville. En traversant les reflets de cette citeÌ sur la colline, Pynchon met aÌ jour une stratigraphie de lâAmeÌrique, une geÌologie de la faute, ouÌ les lignes de faille et breÌches dialoguent avec les mythes fondateurs et acheÌvent de fracturer la geÌographie ideÌaliseÌe du continent, signalant la nature deÌfectueuse de son espace mais aussi de son temps, traverseÌ par la crise. Face aÌ lâinsuffisance des reÌcits fondateurs et aux spasmes de lâHistoire, lâeÌcriture pynchonienne reÌagit en sâenroulant autour de nouvelles modaliteÌs narratives, pour faire eÌmerger, entre les lignes, les bifurcations et les incertitudes dâun reÌcit historique eÌcrit au « Subjonctif. »As a picaresque cartographer standing astride the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, Thomas Ruggles Pynchon Jr. stresses the flawed origin and entropic trajectory of the American continent, seven generations after the great Puritan migration to which his forebear William participated. This dissertation aims to recast the way his work defines these latent figures of the American fault, an âinherent vice,â for such is the title of his penultimate novel, in order to recover the lost prairie of the past and recompose an idealized counter-space within the realm of fiction. This work will consider how the notion of phantasmagoria inhabits a cityscape overcoded by optical devices and deceitful distortions that can only be resisted by the flaÌneurâs politics of loitering. By exposing the dreamworld of this city upon a hill, Pynchon delves into the depths of the continent and starts a stratigraphic study of America: geological fault-lines engage in a dialogue with deficient founding myths and fracture the revered geography of the continent, signaling the defective nature of its space but also of its time, permeated by the cracks of the crisis. To face the failure of founding narratives and the spasms of History, Pynchonâs work unfolds new modalities that, while not essential to narrative, disrupt reading procedures and suffuse his historical novels with the forking paths and counterfactuals of the âSubjunctiveâ form