A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e. a controlling message) compared to no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly-internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared to the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly-internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing: Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

Recherche de critères de sélection pour l'amélioration génétique de la forme des arbres forestiers. 2. Recherche de prédicteurs précoces de la fourchaison chez le Douglas

National audienc

Determination de la qualite des graines de Cupressus sempervirens L. et Cupressus arizonica E. Greene par la radiographie aux rayons X

10 ref.National audienc

Early prediction of Douglas-fir growth and forking in farm field tests

Selection techniques for early evaluation of genotypes for form and wood quality (less than 10 years) were discussed and viewed during the INRA station visit. Presentations were made on the wood quality traits that should be assessed, effective ways for their measurement, and methods for incorporating these traits into tree improvement programmes. Advantages of early prediction in farm-field tests are: - homogeneity of environmental conditions - intensive measurements at a lower cost - efficient multitrait family selection for adaptation, growth and stem form

Morphological and dynamical description of the juvenile growth pattern of Douglas-fir

Document interne*INRA, Centre d'Orléans Diffusion du document : INRA, Centre d'OrléansInternational audienc

Evaluation des variétés forestières améliorées issues des vergers à graines de l'Etat : douglas, épicéa, mélèze, pins laricio, maritime et sylvestre (rapport final)

Dans le cadre du présent contrat, l'INRA et le Cemagref ont mis en place et analysé des tests destinés à évaluer sur leur descendance différents vergers à graines de Douglas, pin laricio, mélèze, pin maritime et pin sylvestre. Les tests de familles de demi-frères permettent d'évaluer l'aptitude générale à la combinaison des clones présents dans les vergers, et donc d'améliorer la valeur génétique des vergers par éclaircie des plus mauvais géniteurs. Les résultats de cette évaluation permettront en particulier de fournir aux reboiseurs des conseils d'utilisation

Fundamentals of massive automatic pairwise alignments of protein sequences: theoretical significance of Z-value statistics

DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btg440International audienc

Résistance du pin sylvestre aux insectes défoliateurs

* INRA, Centre de Recherche d'Orléans, URD, Ardon 45160 Olivet (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA, Centre de Recherche d'Orléans, URD, Ardon 45160 Olivet (FRA)National audienc

Comportement des variétés de douglas face aux aléas climatiques

National audienceThe article describes the way the clones included in the eight French seed orchards of Douglas-fir were selected, then shows the results obtained in a newly-created trial network that aims to compare those improved varieties in various pedo-climatic situations. Those preliminary results take into account juvenile growth, lateness of flushing, frost and drought resistance.Après avoir décrit le mode de sélection des composants des 8 vergers à graines français de Douglas, l'article présente les premiers résultats obtenus dans un réseau de dispositifs récemment créé afin de comparer ces variétés dans des contextes pédo-climatiques variés. Les résultats concernent la croissance juvénile, la tardiveté de débourrement, la sensibilité au froid et à la sécheresse