Intestinal protozoa parasites association with anemia in people from Brazilian western Amazon communities

Introduction: Nowadays intestinal parasitic infection remains an important public health trouble in Latin and South America, emphasizing the Amazon region. Furthermore, intestinal parasites have been considered important factors in etiology of nutritional anemia and malnutrition. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the intestinal parasitic infection and its possible association with anemia in people from Amazon communities. Methods: The study was a research in documentary records, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional, with confirmed cases of parasites infection found in State Hospital of Cacoal-Rondônia, Brazilian Western Amazon. The parameters evaluated were gender, age, race, parasites, hematocrit and hemoglobin. Results: Females where slight higher for the number of cases of parasites occurrence (51%) compared to males (49%) and children had higher parasitic index (43%) followed by adults (37%), teenagers (11%) and seniors (9%). With regards to race, pardos (brown skin color) group was the most affected by the parasites with 69% of cases, followed by caucasians (17%), indians (11%) and blacks (3%). The major parasites diagnosed were Endolimax nana (55%), Giardia lamblia (28%), Entamoeba coli (14%) and Iodamoeba bütschlii (3%). In relation to the association of intestinal parasites and anemia, children had a 60% anemia increase when compared to adults (p <0.05) and the indians increased by 100% anemia when paired against caucasians (p <0.05).Conclusion: Thus, it is suggested that attention should be given to the increase in protozoa parasitic infection prevalence in Amazonian communities and expedite the emergency of improvements in political and sanitation programs of water treatment and waste and sewer management

Coeficiente de determinação genotípico e fenotípico entre rendimento de grãos e teor de óleo de genótipos de girassol.

Resumo: Na escolha de cultivares de girassol é necessário verificar não apenas o seu potencial produtivo (kg ha-1), mas também, o teor de óleo em sua semente. A associação entre esses dois caracteres pode ser estimada com base em coeficientes de determinação. Seu valor pode indicar a tendência dos programas de melhoramento genéticos em selecionar cultivares com alto teor de óleo, além do acréscimo em rendimento. O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar os coeficientes de determinação fenotípicos e genotípicos entre rendimento de grãos e teor de óleo de genótipos de girassol avaliados em ensaios de competição de cultivares conduzidos no Brasil. Os dados analisados foram obtidos da Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos de Girassol, entre 2006 e 2010. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. As estimativas dos coeficientes de determinação fenotípicos e genotípicos entre os caracteres foram obtidas como descrito por Vencovsky e Barriga (1992). Neste estudo, os coeficientes de determinação genotípicos foram, geralmente, superiores aos fenotípicos e não altos. Isto indica que os genótipos com alto rendimento de grãos avaliados na Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos de Girassol, conduzidos por diferentes programas de melhoramento, não estão tendendo a apresentar baixos teores de óleo. Abstract: In the selection of sunflower cultivars is necessary to check not only yield (kg ha'), but the oil content in the achenes. The relationship between these two characters can be estimated by coefficients of determination. Their value may indicate the trend of breeding programs to select cultivars with high oil content in addition to increase in yield. The objective of the present study was to estimate genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of determination between yield and oil content of sunflower genotypes evaluated in trials in Brazil. The data was obtained from the National Sunflower Trials from 2006 to 2010.The trials were established under randomly block designs with four replications. The estimative genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of determination between the characters was obtained according Vencovsky and Barriga (1992). In this study, the genotypic coefficients of determination were usually greater than the phenotypic, but they were not high. This indicates that the genotypes with high yield evaluated in the National Sunflower Trials, conducted by different breeding programs, are not tending to have low oil content

Coeficiente de determinação genótipico e fenotípico entre rendimento de grãos e teor de óleo de genótipos de girassol.

Na escolha de cultivares de girassol é necessário verificar não apenas o seu potencial produtivo (kg ha-1), mas também, o teor de óleo em sua semente. A associação entre esses dois caracteres pode ser estimada com base em coeficientes de determinação. Seu valor pode indicar a tendência dos programas de melhoramento genéticos em selecionar cultivares com alto teor de óleo, além do acréscimo em rendimento. O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar os coeficientes de determinação fenotípicos e genotípicos entre rendimento de grãos e teor de óleo de genótipos de girassol avaliados em ensaios de competição de cultivares conduzidos no Brasil. Os dados analisados foram obtidos da Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos de Girassol, entre 2006 e 2010. Os ensaios foram conduzidos em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. As estimativas dos coeficientes de determinação fenotípicos e genotípicos entre os caracteres foram obtidas como descrito por Vencovsky e Barriga (1992). Neste estudo, os coeficientes de determinação genotípicos foram, geralmente, superiores aos fenotípicos e não altos. Isto indica que os genótipos com alto rendimento de grãos avaliados na Rede de Ensaios de Avaliação de Genótipos de Girassol, conduzidos por diferentes programas de melhoramento, não estão tendendo a apresentar baixos teores de óleo. GENOTYPIC AND PHENOTYPIC COEFFICIENT OF DETERMINATION BETWEEN YIELD AND OIL CONTENT OF SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES. In the selection of sunflower cultivars is necessary to check not only yield (kg ha-182), but the oil content in the achenes. The relationship between these two characters can be estimated by coefficients of determination. Their value may indicate the trend of breeding programs to select cultivars with high oil content in addition to increase in yield. The objective of the present study was to estimate genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of determination between yield and oil content of sunflower genotypes evaluated in trials in Brazil. The data was obtained from the National Sunflower Trials from 2006 to 2010.The trials were established under randomly block designs with four replications. The estimative genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of determination between the characters was obtained according Vencovsky and Barriga (1992). In this study, the genotypic coefficients of determination were usually greater than the phenotypic, but they were not high. This indicates that the genotypes with high yield evaluated in the National Sunflower Trials, conducted by different breeding programs, are not tending to have low oil content

Ti-Zr-Si-Nb nanocrystalline alloys and metallic glasses: Assessment on the structure, thermal stability, corrosion and mechanical properties

The development of novel Ti-based amorphous or \u3b2-phase nanostructured metallic materials could have significant benefits for implant applications, due to improved corrosion and mechanical characteristics (lower Young's modulus, better wear performance, improved fracture toughness) in comparison to the standardized \u3b1+\u3b2 titanium alloys. Moreover, the devitrification phenomenon, occurring during heating, could contribute to lower input power during additive manufacturing technologies. Ti-based alloy ribbons were obtained by melt-spinning, considering the ultra-fast cooling rates this method can provide. The titanium alloys contain in various proportions Zr, Nb, and Si (Ti60Zr10Si15Nb15, Ti64Zr10Si15Nb11, Ti56Zr10Si15Nb19) in various proportions. These elements were chosen due to their reported biological safety, as in the case of Zr and Nb, and the metallic glass-forming ability and biocompatibility of Si. The morphology and chemical composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, while the structural features (crystallinity, phase attribution after devitrification (after heat treatment)) were assessed by X-ray diffraction. Some of the mechanical properties (hardness, Young's modulus) were assessed by instrumented indentation. The thermal stability and crystallization temperatures were measured by differential thermal analysis. High-intensity exothermal peaks were observed during heating of melt-spun ribbons. The corrosion behavior was assessed by electrocorrosion tests. The results show the potential of these alloys to be used as materials for biomedical applications

Cryoglobulinemic vasculitis in primary Sj\uf6gren's Syndrome: Clinical presentation, association with lymphoma and comparison with Hepatitis C-related disease

Objective: To describe the clinical spectrum of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (CV) in primary Sj\uf6gren's syndrome (pSS), investigate its relation to lymphoma and identify the differences with hepatitis C virus (HCV) related CV. Methods: From a multicentre study population of consecutive pSS patients, those who had been evaluated for cryoglobulins and fulfilled the 2011 classification criteria for CV were identified retrospectively. pSS-CV patients were matched with pSS patients without cryoglobulins (1:2) and HCV-CV patients (1:1). Clinical, laboratory and outcome features were analyzed. A data driven logistic regression model was applied for pSS-CV patients and their pSS cryoglobulin negative controls to identify independent features associated with lymphoma. Results: 1083 pSS patients were tested for cryoglobulins. 115 (10.6%) had cryoglobulinemia and 71 (6.5%) fulfilled the classification criteria for CV. pSS-CV patients had higher frequency of extraglandular manifestations and lymphoma (OR=9.87, 95% CI: 4.7\u201320.9) compared to pSS patients without cryoglobulins. Purpura was the commonest vasculitic manifestation (90%), presenting at disease onset in 39% of patients. One third of pSS-CV patients developed B-cell lymphoma within the first 5 years of CV course, with cryoglobulinemia being the strongest independent lymphoma associated feature. Compared to HCV-CV patients, pSS-CV individuals displayed more frequently lymphadenopathy, type II IgMk cryoglobulins and lymphoma (OR = 6.12, 95% CI: 2.7\u201314.4) and less frequently C4 hypocomplementemia and peripheral neuropathy. Conclusion: pSS-CV has a severe clinical course, overshadowing the typical clinical manifestations of pSS and higher risk for early lymphoma development compared to HCV related CV. Though infrequent, pSS-CV constitutes a distinct severe clinical phenotype of pSS

Early palliative care versus usual haematological care in multiple myeloma: retrospective cohort study

Objectives Although early palliative care (EPC) is beneficial in acute myeloid leukaemia, little is known about EPC value in multiple myeloma (MM). We compared quality indicators for palliative and end of life (EOL) care in patients with MM receiving EPC with those of patients who received usual haematological care (UHC).Methods This observational, retrospective study was based on 290 consecutive patients with MM. The following indicators were abstracted: providing psychological support, assessing/managing pain, discussing goals of care, promoting advance care plan, accessing home care services; no anti MM treatment within 14 and 30 days and hospice length of stay >7 days before death; no cardiopulmonary resuscitation, no intubation, <2 hospitalisations and emergency department visits within 30 days before death. Comparisons were performed using unadjusted and confounder adjusted regression models.Results 55 patients received EPC and 231 UHC. Compared with UHC patients, EPC patients had a significantly higher number of quality indicators of care (mean 2.62 +/- 1.25 vs 1.12 +/- 0.95; p<0.0001)); a significant reduction of pain intensity over time (p<0.01) and a trend towards reduced aggressiveness at EOL, with the same survival (5.3 vs 5.46 years; p=0.74)).Conclusions Our data support the value of integrating EPC into MM routine practice and lay the groundwork for future prospective comparative studies

The impact of Participatory Budgeting on health and wellbeing:A scoping review of evaluations

Background: Participatory budgeting (PB), citizens deliberating among themselves and with officials to decide how to allocate funds for public goods, has been increasingly implemented across Europe and worldwide. While PB is recommended as good practice by the World Bank and the United Nations, with potential to improve health and wellbeing, it is unclear what evaluations have been conducted on the impact of PB on health and wellbeing. Methods: For this scoping review, we searched 21 databases with no restrictions on publication date or language. The search term ‘participatory budget’ was used as the relevant global label for the intervention of interest. Studies were included if they reported original analysis of health, social, political, or economic and budgetary outcomes of PB. We examined the study design, analysis, outcomes and location of included articles. Findings are reported narratively. Results: From 1458 identified references, 37 studies were included. The majority of evaluations (n = 24) were of PB in South America, seven were in Europe. Most evaluations were case studies (n = 23) conducting ethnography and surveys, focussing on political outcomes such as participation in PB or impacts on political activities. All of the quantitative observational studies analysing population level data, except one in Russia, were conducted in South America. Conclusion: Despite increasing interest in PB, evaluations applying robust methods to analyse health and wellbeing outcomes are scarce, particularly beyond Brazil. Therefore, implementation of PB schemes should be accompanied by rigorous qualitative and quantitative evaluation to identify impacts and the processes by which they are realised

SNAP BEAN PRODUCTIVITY UNDER DIFFERENT POPULATION DENSITIES

INTRODUCTION The greatest expression of the productive potential of crops is the result of the combination of a set of factors, including the population of plants, by having strong influence in various morphological and physiological characteristics and grain yield. The correct choice of the population should take into consideration information such as time of sowing, region, history of disease in the area, growth habit, growing and soil fertility and thus outlining the proper spacing for the culture. For each cultivar, there is an optimum range of population where plants take advantage of maximum radiation, water and nutrients, providing increased production, which should be associated with the ease of implementation of cultural management and cost of inputs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the density of snap bean of determined growth on commercial production, aiming at management for high yields. MATERIAL AND METHODS The experiment was carried out at the State University of Londrina, with an altitude of 566 m, latitude 23º 23 \u27S and longitude 51º 11\u27 W, in a soil classified as a dystrophic Red Latosol, the climate in the region classified according to Köeppen as subtropical moist mesothermic (Cfa) (Almeida et al., 2016). For the study were used the cultivars HAV 8 and UEL-1, both of determined growth. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replicates for each treatment. In each experimental unit, consisting of four rows, plant densities of 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 seeds per linear meter were seeded. The line spacing was 0.50 m and, thus, the populations used as treatments for each material, were: T1 - 160000 plants ha-1, T2 - 200000 plants ha-1, T3 - 240000 plants ha-1, T4 - 280000 plants ha-1, T5 - 320000 plants ha-1. The plants were harvested 65 days after planting, when approximately 75% of pods have reached the commercial point. There are evaluated the components: average weight of 10 commercial pods for treatment and productivity (kg ha-1). For the classification of commercial and non-commercial in pods, the pods with a length of less than 10 cm, which were in the range of 10-15 cm long and with a diameter of less than 7 mm, and all the fibrous pods, were considered to be noncommercial. The rest were considered commercial. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and averages compared by Scott-Knott test, the 5% probability