6,642 research outputs found
Cusp anomalous dimension in maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling
We construct an exact analytical solution to the integral equation which is
believed to describe logarithmic growth of the anomalous dimensions of high
spin operators in planar N=4 super Yang-Mills theory and use it to determine
the strong coupling expansion of the cusp anomalous dimension.Comment: 5 pages. v3: minor corrections, references and important note adde
Natural model with an inverse seesaw and leptonic dark matter
We consider a model for a Z'-boson coupled only to baryon minus lepton number
and hypercharge. Besides the usual right-handed neutrinos, we add a pair of
fermions with a fractional lepton charge, which we therefore call leptinos. One
of the leptinos is taken to be odd under an additional Z_2 charge, the other
even. This allows for a natural (inverse) seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses.
The odd leptino is a candidate for dark matter, but has to be resonantly
annihilated by the Z'-boson or the Higgs-boson responsible for giving mass to
the former. Considering collider and cosmological bounds on the model, we find
that the Z'-boson and/or the extra Higgs-boson can be seen at the LHC. With
more pairs of leptinos leptogenesis is possible.Comment: 29 pages, 9 figures. RGE section moved to appendix and other minor
corrections applied to matched published versio
Direct calorimetric measurements of isothermal entropy change on single crystal W-type hexaferrites at the spin reorientation transition
We report on the magnetic field induced isothermal entropy change, \Delta
s(Ha, T), of W-type ferrite with CoZn substitution. Entropy measurements are
performed by direct calorimetry. Single crystals of the composition
BaCoZnFeO, prepared by the flux method, are measured at
different fixed temperatures under an applied field perpendicular and parallel
to the c axis. At 296 K one deduces a value of K = 8.7 \times 10^{4} J
m for the first anisotropy constant, which is in good agreement with the
literature. The spin reorientation transition temperature is estimated to take
place between 200 and 220 K
Screening for hazardous alcohol use and dependence in psychiatric in-patients using the AUDIT questionnaire
The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) has been used to screen for hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption among general hospital populations but not in psychiatric patients. Using the AUDIT, we assessed alcohol use in patients with four major types of psychiatric disorder, namely mood, adjustment, anxiety and psychotic disorders. Nine hundred and ninety consecutive admissions to the psychiatric units of two hospitals during a 12-month period underwent assessment. In each diagnostic group a high proportion of patients was alcohol-dependent. Among those with mood disorders 25.4% of men were alcohol-dependent, compared with 16.3% of women, while 34.5% of men with anxiety disorder were alcohol-dependent compared with 25.0% of women. Both gender differences were statistically significant. The differences were even greater for adjustment disorder (44.4% vs. 14.5%) and psychosis (29.2% and 4.2%, respectively). More men than women with anxiety disorder were classified as hazardous (24.1% vs. 11.7%) or harmful drinkers (13.8% vs. 3.3%), but for the other diagnostic groupings the percentages in these drinking categories were more nearly similar. Thus, there is a high rate of excessive alcohol consumption in people with psychiatric disorders, especially males. Such individuals may be particularly vulnerable to complications of alcohol misuse such as suicide and exacerbation of their disorder. The potential for decreased severity of psychiatric symptoms and a reduction in the number of hospital admissions following cessation or reduction in alcohol consumption is considerable. The AUDIT is a simple screening device for investigating alcohol use and dependence, and offers a means of initiating intervention in this population
Ground state optimization and hysteretic demagnetization: the random-field Ising model
We compare the ground state of the random-field Ising model with Gaussian
distributed random fields, with its non-equilibrium hysteretic counterpart, the
demagnetized state. This is a low energy state obtained by a sequence of slow
magnetic field oscillations with decreasing amplitude. The main concern is how
optimized the demagnetized state is with respect to the best-possible ground
state. Exact results for the energy in d=1 show that in a paramagnet, with
finite spin-spin correlations, there is a significant difference in the
energies if the disorder is not so strong that the states are trivially almost
alike. We use numerical simulations to better characterize the difference
between the ground state and the demagnetized state. For d>=3 the random-field
Ising model displays a disorder induced phase transition between a paramagnetic
and a ferromagnetic state. The locations of the critical points R_c(DS),
R_c(GS) differ for the demagnetized state and ground state. Consequently, it is
in this regime that the optimization of the demagnetized stat is the worst
whereas both deep in the paramagnetic regime and in the ferromagnetic one the
states resemble each other to a great extent. We argue based on the numerics
that in d=3 the scaling at the transition is the same in the demagnetized and
ground states. This claim is corroborated by the exact solution of the model on
the Bethe lattice, where the R_c's are also different.Comment: 13 figs. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Event-based quickflow simulation with OpenLISEM in a burned Mediterranean forest catchment
Recently burnt areas typically reveal strong to extreme hydrological responses, as a consequence
of loss of protective soil cover and heating-induced changes in topsoil properties. Soil water
repellency (SWR) has frequently been referred to as one of the explanatory variables for fireenhanced surface runoff generation but this has been poorly demonstrated, especially at the
catchment scale. This study employs a process-based modelling approach to better understand
the relevance of SWR in the hydrological response of a small, entirely burnt catchment in central
Portugal, in particular by comparing hydrological events under contrasting initial conditions of dry
vs wet soils. The OpenLISEM model was applied to a selection of 16 major rainfall runoff events
that occurred during the first 2 post-fire years. The automatic calibration procedure resulted in
good model performance, but it worsened for validation events. Furthermore, uncertainty
analysis revealed an elevated sensitivity of OpenLISEM to event-specific conditions, especially
for predicting the events’ total and peak flows. Also, predicted spatial patterns in runoff poorly
agreed with the runoff observed in microplots. Model performance improved when events were
separated by dry and wet initial moisture conditions, particularly for wet conditions, suggesting
the role of variables other than initial soil moisture.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Self-organized criticality in the hysteresis of the Sherrington - Kirkpatrick model
We study hysteretic phenomena in random ferromagnets. We argue that the angle
dependent magnetostatic (dipolar) terms introduce frustration and long range
interactions in these systems. This makes it plausible that the Sherrington -
Kirkpatrick model may be able to capture some of the relevant physics of these
systems. We use scaling arguments, replica calculations and large scale
numerical simulations to characterize the hysteresis of the zero temperature SK
model. By constructing the distribution functions of the avalanche sizes,
magnetization jumps and local fields, we conclude that the system exhibits
self-organized criticality everywhere on the hysteresis loop.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figure
Instability of the expression of morphological and phenological descriptors to environmental variation in white oat.
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