Модернізація стоматологічної установки УС- 30

Background: The novel chemokine CXCL17 acts as chemoattractant for monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. CXCL17 also has a role in angiogenesis of importance for tumour development. Methods: Expression of CXCL17, CXCL10, CXCL9 and CCL2 was assessed in primary colon cancer tumours, colon carcinoma cell lines and normal colon tissue at mRNA and protein levels by real-time qRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, two-colour immunofluorescence and immunomorphometry. Results: CXCL17 mRNA was expressed at 8000 times higher levels in primary tumours than in normal colon (P<0.0001). CXCL17 protein was seen in 17.2% of cells in tumours as compared with 0.07% in normal colon (P = 0.0002). CXCL10, CXCL9 and CCL2 mRNAs were elevated in tumours but did not reach the levels of CXCL17. CXCL17 and CCL2 mRNA levels were significantly correlated in tumours. Concordant with the mRNA results, CXCL10-and CXCL9-positive cells were detected in tumour tissue, but at significantly lower numbers than CXCL17. Two-colour immunofluorescence and single-colour staining of consecutive sections for CXCL17 and the epithelial cell markers carcinoembryonic antigen and BerEP4 demonstrated that colon carcinoma tumour cells indeed expressed CXCL17. Conclusions: CXCL17 is ectopically expressed in primary colon cancer tumours. As CXCL17 enhances angiogenesis and attracts immune cells, its expression could be informative for prognosis in colon cancer patients

The possible role of gut neuroendocrine peptides and amines in the pathogenesis and treatment of colorectal cancer

Abnormalities in colonic neuroendocrine peptides/amines were observed inrats with chemically induced colon carcinoma. This supports the assumption that neuroendocrine peptides and amines of the gut seem to be involved inthe carcinogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. These changes seem to occur prior to the development of colon cancer, since they appear at the dysplasia stage. The nature of the changes in the neuroendocrine peptides/amines inchemically induced carcinoma is, however, different from those observed in patients with colorectal cancer. This difference made this model unsuitable for studying the role of these substances in colorectal carcinoma. Treatment with a single therapy of octreotide or serotonin had no effect on rat colonicadeno carcinoma; galanin, however, reduced the relative volume density of blood vessels. Treatment with a double therapy of octreotide/galanin, octreotide/serotonin, or galanin/serotonin had certain effects on the rat colon cancer but not to the same extent as did the triple therapy. Triple therapy with octreotide, galanin, and serotonin reduced the volume and weight ofthe rat colonic cancer. This seems to have been brought about by increasing the tumor apoptosis and necrosis. The optimal dose for triple therapy with octreotide, galanin, and serotonin was between 10 and 20-ug/kg body weight. Doses under this limit had a marginal effect, while doses above this level did not increase the effect. No apparent side effects were found in mice during the period of treatment.digitalisering@um

The possible role of gut neuroendocrine peptides and amines in the pathogenesis and treatment of colorectal cancer

Abnormalities in colonic neuroendocrine peptides/amines were observed inrats with chemically induced colon carcinoma. This supports the assumption that neuroendocrine peptides and amines of the gut seem to be involved inthe carcinogenesis of colorectal carcinoma. These changes seem to occur prior to the development of colon cancer, since they appear at the dysplasia stage. The nature of the changes in the neuroendocrine peptides/amines inchemically induced carcinoma is, however, different from those observed in patients with colorectal cancer. This difference made this model unsuitable for studying the role of these substances in colorectal carcinoma. Treatment with a single therapy of octreotide or serotonin had no effect on rat colonicadeno carcinoma; galanin, however, reduced the relative volume density of blood vessels. Treatment with a double therapy of octreotide/galanin, octreotide/serotonin, or galanin/serotonin had certain effects on the rat colon cancer but not to the same extent as did the triple therapy. Triple therapy with octreotide, galanin, and serotonin reduced the volume and weight ofthe rat colonic cancer. This seems to have been brought about by increasing the tumor apoptosis and necrosis. The optimal dose for triple therapy with octreotide, galanin, and serotonin was between 10 and 20-ug/kg body weight. Doses under this limit had a marginal effect, while doses above this level did not increase the effect. No apparent side effects were found in mice during the period of treatment.digitalisering@um

Genomic and Proteomic Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 versus SARS-CoV-GD01

Abstract The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to author disagreement.</jats:p

Genomic and Proteomic Comparative Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 versus SARS-CoV-GD01

Abstract Background Since the emergence of the pandemic novel pneumonia (COVID-19) disease in Wuhan city in China in November 2019, it is becoming holistically urgent to discover and definitely determine the potential origin of causative virus of this disease, SARS-CoV2 to understand its pathogenic action an better design proper remedies. Methods Using bioinformatics analysis, the whole genome of SARS-CoV2 emerging in 2020 and its deduced proteome were compared with the corresponding information on SARS-CoV-GD01 having emerged in 2003 in China. The genomes squences of the two viruses were obtained from NCBI. Alignment of protein sequences for all genes of both genomes were performed and displayed using Clustal Omega data base. Results Bioinformatics analysis revealed 10 genes encoding 10 proteins in the SARS-CoV2 genome instead of 11 genes encoding 12 proteins in the case of SARS-CoV-GD01, where the first gene is uniquely encoding two glycoproteins. Additionally, bio-informatics analysis disclosed variations in SARS-CoV2 genome size as a result of nucleotides insertion and deletion in all genes of the virus especially orf1ab gene, spike gene, and ORF10 gene. The most conspicuous alteration is apparently noticed in the spike gene, encoding for a novel protein enabling the virus to attach to the cell membrane via the interaction with host cell receptor, initiating probably a new pathway of infection and a specific pathogenic action. This alteration is Conclusions The big alterations in the genome of SARS-CoV-2 from that of SARS-CoV-GD01 may be potentially responsible for the worldwide witnessed high virulence and accelerated spread. The qualified and quantified information presented in the current study on the SARS-CoV-2, detailing the specificity and the magnitude of genomic and proteomic alterations from SARS-CoV-GD01, developed probably during 16 years will not only enable designing right drugs and strategies of confronting the current viral version, but it may rather allow to extrapolate and foresee potential outbreaks of newer versions during the coming decades. At the time of epidemics, nonspecific ways and drugs should be resorted to for confronting emergent viral infections. Chemically modified positively charged proteins and peptides can offer a wealth of potential antiviral agents but need more clinical research.</jats:p

Isolation and characterization of antibacterial conglutinins from Lupine seeds

The main target of this work is to discover new protein fractions from natural resources with high antibacterial action. The 7S and 11S globulin fractions, as well as the basic subunit (BS), were isolated from lupine seeds (Lupinus termis), chemically characterized, and screened for antibacterial activity against seven pathogenic bacteria. SDS-PAGE revealed molecular weights ranging from 55 to 75 kDa for 7S globulin, 20–37 kD for 11S globulin, and 20 kD for the BS. 11S globulin and the BS migrated faster on Urea-PAGE toward the cathode compared to 7S globulin. FTIR and NMR showed different spectral patterns between the 7S and 11S globulins but similar ones between 11S globulin and the BS. The MICs of the BS were in the range of 0.05–2 μg/mL against Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria ivanovii, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to higher values for 11S globulin. The BS surpassed 11S globulin in antibacterial action, while 7S globulin showed no effect. The MICs of 11S globulin and the BS represented only 5% and 2.5% of the specific antibiotic against L. monocytogenes, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated different signs of cellular deformation and decay in the protein-treated bacteria, probably due to interaction with the bacterial cell wall and membranes. 11S globulin and the BS can be nominated as effective food biopreservatives

Isolation and Characterization of Antibacterial Conglutinins from Lupine Seeds

The main target of this work is to discover new protein fractions from natural resources with high antibacterial action. The 7S and 11S globulin fractions, as well as the basic subunit (BS), were isolated from lupine seeds (Lupinus termis), chemically characterized, and screened for antibacterial activity against seven pathogenic bacteria. SDS-PAGE revealed molecular weights ranging from 55 to 75 kDa for 7S globulin, 20–37 kD for 11S globulin, and 20 kD for the BS. 11S globulin and the BS migrated faster on Urea-PAGE toward the cathode compared to 7S globulin. FTIR and NMR showed different spectral patterns between the 7S and 11S globulins but similar ones between 11S globulin and the BS. The MICs of the BS were in the range of 0.05–2 μg/mL against Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria ivanovii, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to higher values for 11S globulin. The BS surpassed 11S globulin in antibacterial action, while 7S globulin showed no effect. The MICs of 11S globulin and the BS represented only 5% and 2.5% of the specific antibiotic against L. monocytogenes, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) demonstrated different signs of cellular deformation and decay in the protein-treated bacteria, probably due to interaction with the bacterial cell wall and membranes. 11S globulin and the BS can be nominated as effective food biopreservatives.</jats:p

Antibacterial activity of carrot peel HCl-ethanol extracts and its potential application in meat preservation

Natural plant extracts have been employed extensively in food products due to their antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Ethanolic extracts of four selected vegetable peels, (kiwi, carrot, sweet potato and eggplant) in addition to red pepper fruit were evaluated for their polyphenolic contents, showing carrot peel extract (CPE) having the highest levels of phenolics and flavonoids. CPE exhibited a strong antioxidant activity (88.81% oxidation inhibition at 500 μg/mL), via scavenging 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The five extracts showed antibacterial activities against two Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus) and two Gram-negative (Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli) bacteria, where CPE proved the most effective antibacterial, with a minimal inhibitory concentration of 20 μg/mL, without any bacterial resistance. Adding CPE to ciprofloxacin (CIP) (1:1) showed a combination effect. HPLC of CPE revealed its inclusion of β-carotene pigment (1.5 mg/g) and a great number of flavonoid and phenolic compounds, capable to act as antimicrobial agents. Ground meatsamples supplemented with 40 and 100 μg/g of CPE reduced their total viable, coliforms and Psychrotrophs count and extended their shelf life at 4 °C to 12 days. So, CPE can be safely used as a natural preservative that can also maintain the sensory properties of stored meat product

Mushroom; Chemistry, Bioactive Components, and Application

Apposite energy is required for body activity. Energy is derived from the oxidation of various biomolecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. These bio-molecules in the proper amount are essential for the structural and functional activities of any living being. Certain vitamins and enzymes are also needed for the maintenance of biochemical processes. Our daily food is the major source of these biomolecules. From the last few decades, researchers have placed giant effort into searching for a food material that can provide nearly all the essential components required to maintain the energy need and consequently, balancing the body’s homeostasis. Mushrooms have the potential to address the above-raised issues. Besides their pleasant flavor and culinary value, mushrooms are an important source of biomolecules that include large macromolecules (protein, carbohydrate, lipid, and nucleic acid) as well as small molecules (primary metabolites, secondary metabolites, and natural products). This chapter discusses the bioactive compounds in edible mushroom and their activities.</jats:p