61 research outputs found
States interpolating between number and coherent states and their interaction with atomic systems
Using the eigenvalue definition of binomial states we construct new
intermediate number-coherent states which reduce to number and coherent states
in two different limits. We reveal the connection of these intermediate states
with photon-added coherent states and investigate their non-classical
properties and quasi-probability distributions in detail. It is of interest to
note that these new states, which interpolate between coherent states and
number states, neither of which exhibit squeezing, are nevertheless squeezed
states. A scheme to produce these states is proposed. We also study the
interaction of these states with atomic systems in the framework of the
two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model, and describe the response of the atomic
system as it varies between the pure Rabi oscillation and the collapse-revival
mode and investigate field observables such as photon number distribution,
entropy and the Q-function.Comment: 26 pages, 29 EPS figures, Latex, Accepted for publication in J.Phys.
Density matrix reconstruction from displaced photon number distributions
We consider state reconstruction from the measurement statistics of phase
space observables generated by photon number states. The results are obtained
by inverting certain infinite matrices. In particular, we obtain reconstruction
formulas, each of which involves only a single phase space observable.Comment: 19 page
Hole burning in a nanomechanical resonator coupled to a Cooper pair box
We propose a scheme to create holes in the statistical distribution of
excitations of a nanomechanical resonator. It employs a controllable coupling
between this system and a Cooper pair box. The success probability and the
fidelity are calculated and compared with those obtained in the atom-field
system via distinct schemes. As an application we show how to use the
hole-burning scheme to prepare (low excited) Fock states.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figure
Preparation and control of a cavity-field state through atom-driven field interaction: towards long-lived mesoscopic states
The preparation of mesoscopic states of the radiation and matter fields
through atom-field interactions has been achieved in recent years and employed
for a range of striking applications in quantum optics. Here we present a
technique for the preparation and control of a cavity mode which, besides
interacting with a two-level atom, is simultaneously submitted to linear and
parametric amplification processes. The role of the amplification-controlling
fields in the achievement of real mesoscopic states, is to produce
highly-squeezed field states and, consequently, to increase both: i) the
distance in phase space between the components of the prepared superpositions
and ii) the mean photon number of such superpositions. When submitting the
squeezed superposition states to the action of similarly squeezed reservoirs,
we demonstrate that under specific conditions the decoherence time of the
states becomes independent of both the distance in phase space between their
components and their mean photon number. An explanation is presented to support
this remarkable result, together with a discussion on the experimental
implementation of our proposal. We also show how to produce number states with
fidelities higher than those derived as circular states
Negativity of the Wigner function as an indicator of nonclassicality
A measure of nonclassicality of quantum states based on the volume of the
negative part of the Wigner function is proposed. We analyze this quantity for
Fock states, squeezed displaced Fock states and cat-like states defined as
coherent superposition of two Gaussian wave packets.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Engineering arbitrary motional ionic state through realistic intensity-fluctuating laser pulses
We present a reliable scheme for engineering arbitrary motional ionic states
through an adaptation of the projection synthesis technique for trapped-ion
phenomena. Starting from a prepared coherent motional state, the Wigner
function of the desired state is thus sculpted from a Gaussian distribution.
The engineering process has also been developed to take into account the errors
arising from intensity fluctuations in the exciting-laser pulses required for
manipulating the electronic and vibrational states of the trapped ion. To this
end, a recently developed phenomenological-operator approach that allows for
the influence of noise will be applied. This approach furnishes a
straightforward technique to estimate the fidelity of the prepared state in the
presence of errors, precluding the usual extensive ab initio calculations. The
results obtained here by the phenomenological approach, to account for the
effects of noise in our engineering scheme, can be directly applied to any
other process involving trapped-ion phenomena.Comment: more information at http://www.df.ufscar.br/~quantum
Spontaneous emission in a planar Fabry-Perot microcavity
Published versio
Desafíos políticos de los países de inmigración
13 págs.-- Publicado en "Confluencia XXI. Revista de Pensamiento Político" (México), nº 3 (Oct-Dic 2008) bajo el título monográfico "Migrantes: ¿Por qué se van? ¿Por qué se quedan?".Las migraciones, una práctica tan antigua como la propia condición humana, se han
convertido en un factor estructural de primer orden, en uno de los macrofenómenos
más definitorios de nuestra época y en un complejo reto para las sociedades
contemporáneas. En prácticamente todos los países del mundo, todo lo que concierne a este complejo fenómeno ocupa un lugar
destacado en la agenda política. La gestión, el control y la integración de los movimientos internacionales de personas se presentan como un policy field de creciente y prioritaria relevancia. No se trata, sin embargo, de una cuestión de mera moda: el
número de países implicados de manera significativa en las migraciones internacionales ha aumentado considerablemente, hasta el punto de que resulta realmente difícil encontrar algún
Estado que no sea bien un país de inmigración, bien un país de emigración
o bien ambas cosas a la vez, cuando no al menos un país de tránsito. No ha de extrañar
entonces que la mayoría de los gobiernos haya tomado conciencia de la necesidad
de ofrecer una respuesta en términos legales e institucionales a un fenómeno
de carácter permanente que puede llegar a alterar la estructura demográfica, social,
cultural, económica y laboral de un país. Dada la complejidad de la cuestión, y por cuestiones de economía argumentativa, aquí se abordará de manera fundamental desde la perspectiva de los países receptores, que, por lo demás, es también la adoptada en forma habitual por los países europeos que registran mayor inmigración. Sin embargo,
el fenómeno migratorio es fundamentalmente transnacional y tiene fehacientes
repercusiones en los países de emigración.Peer reviewe
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