Electrical stimulation with non-implanted devices for stress urinary incontinence in women

The authors would like to thank Luke Vale, Imran Omar, Sheila Wallace and Suzanne MacDonald at the Cochrane Incontinence Group for their support. We would also like to thank Mette Frahm Olsen, Gavin Stewart, Miriam Brazelli, Anna Sierawska, and Beatriz Gualeo for help with translations.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Detection of Molecular Hydrogen Orbiting a "Naked" T Tauri Star

Astronomers have established that for a few million years newborn stars possess disks of orbiting gas and dust. Such disks, which are likely sites of planet formation, appear to disappear once these stars reach ages of 5-10 times 10^6 yr; yet, >= 10^7 yr is thought necessary for giant planet formation. If disks dissipate in less time than is needed for giant planet formation, such planets may be rare and those known around nearby stars would be anomalies. Herein, we report the discovery of H_2 gas orbiting a weak-lined T Tauri star heretofore presumed nearly devoid of circumstellar material. We estimate that a significant amount of H_2 persists in the gas phase, but only a tiny fraction of this mass emits in the near-infrared. We propose that this star possesses an evolved disk that has escaped detection thus far because much of the dust has coagulated into planetesimals. This discovery suggests that the theory that disks are largely absent around such stars should be reconsidered. The widespread presence of such disks would indicate that planetesimals can form quickly and giant planet formation can proceed to completion before the gas in circumstellar disks disperses.Comment: latex 12 pages, including 1 figur

Interferometric Evidence for Resolved Warm Dust in the DQ Tau System

We report on near-infrared (IR) interferometric observations of the double-lined pre-main sequence (PMS) binary system DQ Tau. We model these data with a visual orbit for DQ Tau supported by the spectroscopic orbit & analysis of \citet{Mathieu1997}. Further, DQ Tau exhibits significant near-IR excess; modeling our data requires inclusion of near-IR light from an 'excess' source. Remarkably the excess source is resolved in our data, similar in scale to the binary itself ($\sim$ 0.2 AU at apastron), rather than the larger circumbinary disk ($\sim$ 0.4 AU radius). Our observations support the \citet{Mathieu1997} and \citet{Carr2001} inference of significant warm material near the DQ Tau binary.Comment: 14 pgs, 3 figures, ApJL in pres

Shifted convolution and the Titchmarsh divisor problem over F_q[t]

In this paper we solve a function field analogue of classical problems in analytic number theory, concerning the auto-correlations of divisor functions, in the limit of a large finite field.Comment: 22 pages, updated versio

Pentaquark searches at FOCUS

We find no evidence for high-energy photoproduction of pentaquarks at 1540 MeV/$c^2$, 1862 MeV/$c^2$, or 3099 MeV/$c^2$ using decay modes $pK_S^0$, $\Xi^-\pi^-$, and $D^{(*)-}p$, respectively.Comment: Proceedings from talk at 2004 DPF Meeting at University of California, Riversid

On the SigmaN cusp in the pp -> pK+Lambda reaction

Measurements of the $pp \to pK^+\Lambda$ reaction at $T_p$ = 2.28 GeV have been carried out at COSY-TOF. In addition to the $\Lambda p$ FSI and $N^*$ resonance excitation effects a pronounced narrow structure is observed in the Dalitz plot and in its projection on the $p\Lambda$-invariant mass. The structure appears at the $pp \to$N$K^+\Sigma$ threshold and is interpreted as $\Sigma$N cusp effect. The observed width of 20 MeV/$c^2$ is substantially broader than anticipated from previous inclusive measurements. Angular distributions of this cusp structure are shown to be dissimilar to those in the residual $pK^+\Lambda$ channel, but similar to those observed in the $pK^+\Sigma^0$ channel

Spillovers of United States and People's Republic of China shocks on small open economies: The case of Indonesia

This paper examines the impact of certain external shocks originating from the United States (US) and People's Republic of China (PRC) on Indonesia as a small open economy. The spillover effects of tapering off, an interest rate hike, exchange rate devaluation, and real gross domestic product (GDP) are analyzed. Two versions of the global vector autoregression model are employed, which covers 33 countries and considers both financial and trade relations among countries. Spillover assessments are conducted through impulse responses with 1,000 bootstrap replications, and compared to the responses of peer countries. The results suggest that the main risk for Indonesia's real GDP is a shock to the PRC's real GDP, while a US interest rate hike is the greatest risk to Indonesia's exchange rate depreciation in the short term, especially compared to the US tapering off. Moreover, the dominant transmission channel of US monetary tightening is through finance, dampening economic growth in small open economies