Dreams Deferred: Disability Definitions, Data, Models, and Perspectives

When Ed Roberts, who had polio, forged new ground for people with disabilities by developing the first Center for Independent Living in 1972, the stage was set for people with disabilities and advocates to join together in a new civil rights movement. \u27Invisible\u27 no more, the disability community started what was expected to be a stratospheric leap into community inclusion. There was substantial hope held in the anticipated impact of the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) in 1990 (P.L. 101-336, 104 statute 327). For millions of Americans, it appeared that the ADA would provide avenues for increased economic parity and workforce participation. Unfortunately, almost 20 years later, people with disabilities have not made the much anticipated strides in employment; and attitudinal barriers continue to lock people with disabilities into a separate and unequal subpopulation

When Personal Dreams Derail: Rural Cameroonian Women Aspire For Their Children

Data gathered from a convenience sample of 36 women who reside in rural villages lying on the outskirts of Buea, Cameroon is not consistent with the “culture of poverty” proposition which states that personal characteristics of the poor tie them to a life of poverty. These findings run counter to an assumed “culture of poverty” in which persons do not hold career aspirations and socialize their children with attitudes that assure the generational transmission of poverty. Respondents, as a case vignette illustrates, conveyed that besides marriage they had wanted a career in order to achieve a living wage. After their own career dreams were dashed, they devoted themselves to the hard work of farming and petty trading in the hope they could help their children escape subsistence living. Results of this study point away from policies that would seek to change the outlook and habits of mothers living in poverty and toward external changes that would permit them earnings commensurate with their persistent efforts

STANDARDIZED PREDICTIVE TESTING: PRACTICES, POLICIES, AND OUTCOMES

The aims of this study were to describe current policy practice related to the use of the HESI™ Exit Exam in schools of nursing and to determine which policies result in higher HESI Exit Scores. Deans and directors of nursing schools that administered Elsevier HESI Exit Exam to students during the 2010 academic year were queried. Data were collected regarding students’ HESI Exit Exam results, national nursing licensure examination outcomes, and the schools’ standardized testing policies. A stratified random sample of schools and a total of 5438 student records were obtained, 3084 from Associate Degree (AD) and 2354 from Baccalaureate Degree (BD) programs. NCLEX®-RN outcomes were known for all but 316 (5.8%) students. Four standardized exam policy components were related to higher HESI Exit Exam scores. The study confirmed the robust predictive accuracy of the HESI Exit Exam. A national United States sample of BD and AD nursing programs has demonstrated that standardized end of program assessment results are related to faculty implementation strategies and certain policy components. Evidence-based policy strategies should be evaluated longitudinally to support policy decisions

Langfristige Wirkung von Psychotherapie bei nichtchronischen Depressionen: Ein systematisches Review von Studien im Vergleich mit Pharmakotherapie

The short-term effects of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy as monotherapy or in combination - in the treatment of depression have been documented in various studies. Strikingly, there are only a few studies proving the long-term efficacy 1 year or more after acute treatment. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted searching the databases Pubmed and PsychINFO. 13 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) could be retrieved (psychotherapy vs. pharmacotherapy in combination or as monotherapies). The follow-up period varied between 12 and 75 months (M = 27.06), cognitive behavioral therapy being the most frequently used psychotherapeutic strategy. The results indicate an advantage of psychotherapy alone or the combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy when compared with pharmacotherapy alone. The advantage persisted even if the pharmacotherapy was maintained during the follow-up period. However, comparing studies is difficult due to methodological issues (e.g., selection of data relating to patients with or without therapy success after acute therapy;further treatments during follow-up). In order to make more valid statements about the long-term efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in the treatment of depression, more RCTs with longer follow-up periods are needed.Die kurzfristige Wirksamkeit von Psycho- und Pharmakotherapie bei Depressionen, ob als Monotherapie oder in Kombination, ist durch viele Studien gut belegt. Weitaus weniger Belege gibt es jedoch für die langfristige Wirksamkeit ab 1 Jahr nach Akuttherapie dieser Behandlungsformen. Durch eine systematische Suche in den Datenbanken Pubmed und PsychINFO konnten 13 randomisierte kontrollierte Studien (RCTs; Psychotherapie vs. Pharmakotherapie in Kombination oder als Monotherapien) identifiziert werden, bei denen Follow-up-Ergebnisse vorliegen; der entsprechende Follow-up-Zeitraum lag dabei zwischen 13 und 75 Monaten (M = 27,06). Meist kam als psychotherapeutisches Verfahren die kognitive Verhaltenstherapie zum Einsatz. Die Studienlage spricht für eine Überlegenheit der Psychotherapie oder der Kombination aus Psychotherapie und Pharmakotherapie im Vergleich zur Pharmakotherapie mit oder ohne Erhaltungsphase nach der Akutbehandlung bezüglich langfristiger Effekte über die Beendigung der Therapie hinaus. Die Studien sind aufgrund vielfältiger methodischer Faktoren nur begrenzt vergleichbar (z.B. hinsichtlich der Datenselektion zu Patienten mit und ohne Therapieerfolg nach Akuttherapie oder weiterer Behandlungen im Follow-up-Zeitraum). Um besser abgesicherte Aussagen zur langfristigen Wirksamkeit von Psycho- und Pharmakotherapie in der Behandlung der Depression treffen zu können, bedarf es weiterer RCTs mit längeren Follow-up-Zeiträumen. © 2016 S. Karger GmbH, Freibur

Fundamentals of Speech

This Grants Collection uses the grant-supported open textbook Exploring Public Speaking from Dalton State College: http://oer.galileo.usg.edu/communication-textbooks/1/ This Grants Collection for Fundamentals of Speech was created under a Round Three ALG Textbook Transformation Grant. Affordable Learning Georgia Grants Collections are intended to provide faculty with the frameworks to quickly implement or revise the same materials as a Textbook Transformation Grants team, along with the aims and lessons learned from project teams during the implementation process. Documents are in .pdf format, with a separate .docx (Word) version available for download. Each collection contains the following materials: Linked Syllabus Initial Proposal Final Reporthttps://oer.galileo.usg.edu/communication-collections/1002/thumbnail.jp