Two distinct modes for propagation of histone PTMs across the cell cycle

Epigenetic states defined by chromatin can be maintained through mitotic cell division. However, it remains unknown how histone-based information is transmitted. Here we combine nascent chromatin capture (NCC) and triple-SILAC (stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture) labeling to track histone modifications and histone variants during DNA replication and across the cell cycle. We show that post-translational modifications (PTMs) are transmitted with parental histones to newly replicated DNA. Di- and trimethylation marks are diluted twofold upon DNA replication, as a consequence of new histone deposition. Importantly, within one cell cycle, all PTMs are restored. In general, new histones are modified to mirror the parental histones. However, H3K9 trimethylation (H3K9me3) and H3K27me3 are propagated by continuous modification of parental and new histones because the establishment of these marks extends over several cell generations. Together, our results reveal how histone marks propagate and demonstrate that chromatin states oscillate within the cell cycle

Wet scavenging of soluble gases in DC3 deep convective storms using WRF-Chem simulations and aircraft observations

We examine wet scavenging of soluble trace gases in storms observed during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign. We conduct high-resolution simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting model with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) of a severe storm in Oklahoma. The model represents well the storm location, size, and structure as compared with Next Generation Weather Radar reflectivity, and simulated CO transport is consistent with aircraft observations. Scavenging efficiencies (SEs) between inflow and outflow of soluble species are calculated from aircraft measurements and model simulations. Using a simple wet scavenging scheme, we simulate the SE of each soluble species within the error bars of the observations. The simulated SEs of all species except nitric acid (HNO_3) are highly sensitive to the values specified for the fractions retained in ice when cloud water freezes. To reproduce the observations, we must assume zero ice retention for formaldehyde (CH_2O) and hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) and complete retention for methyl hydrogen peroxide (CH_3OOH) and sulfur dioxide (SO_2), likely to compensate for the lack of aqueous chemistry in the model. We then compare scavenging efficiencies among storms that formed in Alabama and northeast Colorado and the Oklahoma storm. Significant differences in SEs are seen among storms and species. More scavenging of HNO_3 and less removal of CH_3OOH are seen in storms with higher maximum flash rates, an indication of more graupel mass. Graupel is associated with mixed-phase scavenging and lightning production of nitrogen oxides (NO_x), processes that may explain the observed differences in HNO_3 and CH_3OOH scavenging

Characteristics of Bilateral Retinal Detachment

Introduction: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) is still a sight-threatening and potentially blinding disease, especially if both eyes are affected. The purpose of this study is analysing the specific characteristics of bilateral rhegmatogenous RD. Methods: The files of all 5,791 consecutive eyes undergoing vitreoretinal surgery for uncomplicated RD in a single tertiary retinal centre between January 2005 and June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: A total of 300 patients (600 eyes) had bilateral retinal detachment. Interval between initial and subsequent RD surgery was 2.6 ± 2.8 (mean ± SD, median 1.5) years. Symptoms were reported by the patients for 20 ± 75 (median 5) days before presentation in the initial eye and 12 ± 32 (median 4) days in the subsequent eye. 220 patients were male (73%), and mean age at initial RD was 55 years. 183 (61%) of the initial RD eyes were phakic. In the initial eye, more patients had a detached macula, worse visual acuity, and more quadrants involved. Primary anatomic success rate was higher in the subsequent eye (90%) compared to the initial eye (83%). There was no difference in the reattachment rate of fellow eyes with primary failure in the first eye (91%) compared to those with primary success in the first eye (90%). There was a high symmetry between the eyes in terms of type of retinal break, number of breaks, and presumed localization of the causative retinal break. Conclusion: Patients with bilateral RD were more commonly male and younger than the group of all RD patients. The proportion of pseudophakia was not different. The majority of fellow eye RD occurred within 2 years after the RD in the first eye. Second eye RD was less advanced and had a better anatomical repair rate. Despite their experience in the first eye and despite typical symptoms, patients presented only after a mean of 12 days with RD in the second eye. RD in the initial and the subsequent eye showed a high symmetry. The anatomic result in the first eye is not a predictor for the anatomic result in the subsequent eye

Iatrogene Netzhautdefekte nach intravitrealer operativer Medikamenteneingabe

Hintergrund Intravitreale operative Medikamenteneingaben (IVOM) stellen einen der häufigsten Eingriffe in der Medizin dar. Das Risikoprofil ist gering. Neben intraokularen Drucksteigerungen zählen insbesondere erregerbedingte Endophthalmitiden, Glaskörperblutungen und rhegmatogene Netzhautablösungen zu den gängigen Komplikationen. Darüber hinaus wurden auch einzelne Fälle von Linsenverletzungen sowie peripheren Netzhautdefekten und Makulaforamina in Assoziation mit vitreoretinalen Traktionen beschrieben. In der hier vorliegenden Fallserie berichten wir über scharfe iatrogene Netzhaut- bzw. Makulaverletzungen. Methoden Multizentrische Fallsammlung von IVOM-Patienten mit iatrogenen Netzhautdefekten, retrospektiv über den Zeitraum 2016 bis 2023. Ergebnisse Es konnten 9 Fälle (72 Jahre ± 8,1, 3 Augen pseudophak) mit einem iatrogenen retinalen Trauma nach IVOM zur Therapie einer neovaskulären altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (nAMD) dokumentiert werden. Während in 6 Fällen scharfe Verletzungen innerhalb der Makula vorlagen, waren die Läsionen in den anderen Fällen extramakulär lokalisiert. Schlussfolgerungen Iatrogene Netzhaut- und Makulaverletzungen sind seltene Komplikationen im Rahmen der IVOM und bei sachgemäßer Durchführung insbesondere mit Blick auf die Kanülenverwendung und die Wahl des Limbusabstands vermeidbar

Estimación de biomasa aérea de Grevillea robusta A. implantada en la provincia de Misiones, Argentina

El ecosistema forestal es potencialmente un importante sumidero de carbono por ello es relevante poder cuantificarlo. Una buena aproximación es la obtenida a través del conocimiento de su biomasa. El presente trabajo se realizó con datos provenientes de una plantación de Grevillea robusta ubicada en Posadas, Misiones, Argentina. El objetivo fue la generación de modelos de estimación de la biomasa aérea a través de diferentes técnicas aditivas de estimación. Se generaron modelos para cada compartimento (hojas, ramas, corteza, fuste) y para la biomasa aérea total. Para ello se consideró el principio de aditividad mediante modelos estadísticos de ajustes simultáneos. Se evaluaron modelos que consideraban como variables predictoras al diámetro a altura de pecho (dap) y altura total (h). La adición de esta última variable aumentó la proporción de variación explicada para la biomasa aérea de Grevillea robusta aunque esto fue prácticamente imperceptible, con una disminución del error estándar. En la validación contra una muestra independiente, la biomasa total en este caso presentó un error 8,9% menor al que se dio en el modelo de una sola variable predictora. El mejor resultado se obtuvo con modelos con transformación logarítmica de variables. Al ser altura total una medida de mayor dificultad de obtención, se procedió a ajustar en forma alternativa un modelo con dap como única variable predictora.The forest ecosystem is a potentially significative carbon pool, so it is important for it to be quantifiable. A good approximation is obtained through the knowledge of its biomass. This work was prepared based on data taken from a Grevillea robusta plantation in Posadas, Misiones, Argentina. The goal was to generate aboveground biomass estimation models through different additive estimation techniques. Models were built for each part of a tree (leaves, branches, bark and stem) and for the total aboveground biomass. For that purpose, the additive principle was considered through statistical models with simultaneous adjustments. The models assessed were those included dbh (diameter at breast height) and total height (h) as predictor variables. The addition of this last variable increased the proportion of explained variance for Grevillea robusta biomass although this was practically imperceptible. The validation contrast against independent sample, the total biomass showed an error of 8,9 % lower than the single-variable predictive model. The best result were obtained from models with logarithmic transformation of the variables. As total height is harder to measure, an alternative model using only dbh as a variable was adjusted.EEA MontecarloFil: Barth, Sara Regina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Boca, Rosa Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Gerencia de Control de Gestión; ArgentinaFil: Giménez, Ana María. Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Joseau, Marisa Jacqueline. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Gauchat, Maria Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Fassola, Hugo Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; Argentin

Identification of Drosophila centromere associated proteins by quantitative affinity purification-mass spectrometry

AbstractCentromeres of higher eukaryotes are epigenetically defined by the centromere specific histone H3 variant CENP-ACID. CENP-ACID builds the foundation for the assembly of a large network of proteins. In contrast to mammalian systems, the protein composition of Drosophila centromeres has not been comprehensively investigated. Here we describe the proteome of Drosophila melanogaster centromeres as analyzed by quantitative affinity purification-mass spectrometry (AP-MS). The AP-MS input chromatin material was prepared from D. melanogaster cell lines expressing CENP-ACID or H3.3 fused to EGFP as baits. Centromere chromatin enriched proteins were identified based on their relative abundance in CENP-ACID–GFP compared to H3.3-GFP or mock affinity-purifications. The analysis yielded 86 proteins specifically enriched in centromere chromatin preparations.The data accompanying the manuscript on this approach (Barth et al., 2015, Proteomics 14:2167-78, DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201400052) has been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium (http://www.proteomexchange.org) via the PRIDE partner repository with the dataset identifier PXD000758

Modelos aditivos de predicción de biomasa aérea de Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis de Misiones Argentina

En los últimos años, el manejo forestal ha ido cambiando el concepto tradicional de la producción de madera a un enfoque global que contempla la producción de otros bienes tales como la dendroenergía y la fijación de dióxido de carbono. En este contexto, es necesario mejorar las estimaciones no solo de madera, sino también de otras fracciones de la biomasa tales como acículas y ramas. Con datos de híbridos de Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis fueron ajustados modelos de predicción para las componentes de biomasa. Se utilizó el método de estimación simultánea SUR (Seemingly Unrelated Regressions o regresiones que aparentemente no están relacionadas) para garantizar la aditividad de los modelos de las componentes de biomasa. Las variables explicatorias consideradas fueron diámetro a la altura del pecho y altura. Se obtuvieron ajustes con un r2=97 % para biomasa del fuste, 75 % para biomasa de acículas y 68 % para biomasa de ramas. Considerando que más del 65% de la biomasa aérea se concentra en el fuste, aun en plantaciones jóvenes, los resultados se consideran apropiados. Se comparó la metodología SUR con el ajuste tradicional de Mínimos Cuadrados Ordinarios (MCO) y se verificó una leve reducción en los intervalos de confianza de los coeficientes. Las estimaciones SUR constituyen una herramienta adecuada para la estimación de fracciones de biomasa aérea en plantaciones de pinos híbridos.In recent years, forest management has changed the traditional concept for timber production to a global approach that includes the production of other goods such as dendro-energy and carbon dioxide fixation. In this context, it is necessary to improve the estimates of not only timber, but also other biomass fractions such as needles and branches. The predicting models of biomass components were fitted using Pinus elliottii var. elliottii x Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis hybrids data. To guarantee the additivity of the biomass components models, the simultaneous estimation method SUR (Seemingly Unrelated Regressions) was applied to the diameter at breast height and height as independent variables. The goodness of fit coefficient (R2) was 97 % for boles, 75 % for needles biomass and 68 % for branches mass. Considering that over 65 % of the aerial biomass corresponds to the bole, even in young trees, the results can be considered appropriate. The SUR methodology was compared to the traditional Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method and showed a slight reduction in the coefficients confidence intervals. The statistical equations fitted are promising for future research of growth simulation models for hybrid pines.Gerencia de Control de Gestión, DNA de Planificación, Seguimiento y EvaluaciónFil: Boca, Rosa Teresa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Gerencia de Control de Gestión; ArgentinaFil: Fassola, Hugo Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Crechi, Ernesto Hector. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Barth, Sara Regina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Keller, Aldo Esteban. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Winck, Rosa Ángela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Ferrere, Paula. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino. Agencia de Extensión Rural 9 de Julio; Argentin