Antihyperon polarization in high-energy inclusive reactions

We propose a model for the antihyperon polarization in high-energy proton-nucleus inclusive reactions, based on the final-state interactions between the antihyperons and other produced particles (predominantly pions). To formulate this idea, we use the previously obtained low-energy pion-(anti-)hyperon interaction using effective chiral Lagrangians, and a hydrodynamic parametrization of the background matter, which expands and decouples at a certain freezeout temperature.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure

Cost optimization of singly and doubly reinforced concrete beams with EC2-2001

A model for the optimal design of rectangular reinforced concrete sections is presented considering the stress–strain diagrams described in EC2-2001 and MC90. The following expressions are developed: economic bending moment; optimal area of steel and optimal steel ratio between upper and lower steel. All the expressions are in nondimensional form. The present model is applied to four different classes of concrete described in MC90. It is concluded that in nondimensional form the equations are nearly coincident for both singly and doubly reinforcement. It is also concluded that the ultimate strain for concrete in the compression zone, ecm, lies between the strain for peak stress ec1 and the ultimate strain ecu. This result is relevant once that the maximum moment is obtained for this value, and not the value ecu, as defined in EC2-2001. Cost optimization is implemented in the code and compared with other optimum models based on the ultimate design of ACI

Urban Rail Transportation and SARS-Cov-2 Infections: An Ecological Study in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area

Introduction: The large number of passengers, limited space and shared surfaces can transform public transportation into a hub of epidemic spread. This study was conducted to investigate whether proximity to railway stations, a proxy for utilization, was associated with higher rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection across small-areas of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portugal). Methods: The number of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed infections from March 2 until July 5, 2020 at the parish-level was obtained from the National Epidemiological Surveillance System. A Geographic Information System was used to estimate proximity to railway stations of the six railway lines operating in the area. A quasi-Poisson generalized linear regression model was fitted to estimate the relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Between May 2 and July 5, 2020, there were a total of 17,168 SARS-CoV-2 infections in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, with wide disparities between parishes. Overall, parishes near any of the railway stations of the Sintra line presented significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 infection rates (RR = 1.42, 95%CI 1.16, 1.75) compared to parishes located farther away from railway stations, while the opposite was observed for parishes near other railway stations (Sado and Fertagus lines), where infection rates were significantly lower than those observed in parishes located farther away from railway stations (RR = 0.66, 95%CI 0.50, 0.87). The associations varied according to the stage of the epidemic and to the mitigation measures enforced. Regression results also revealed an increasing influence of socioeconomic deprivation on SARS-CoV-2 infections. Conclusions: No consistent association between proximity to railway stations and SARS-CoV-2 infection rates in the most affected metropolitan area of Portugal was observed, suggesting that other factors (e.g., socioeconomic deprivation) may play a more prominent role in the epidemic dynamics.This study was funded by FEDER through the Operational Programme Competitiveness and Internationalization and national funding from the Foundation for Science and Technology—FCT (Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education) under the Unidade de Investigação em Epidemiologia—Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (EPIUnit) (info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB/04750/2020/PT). AR was supported by National Funds through FCT, under the programme of Stimulus of Scientific Employment—Individual Support within the contract info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/CEEC IND 2018/CEECIND/02386/2018/CP1538/CT0001/PT

Mother-reported pain experience between ages 7 and 10: A prospective study in a population-based birth cohort

Background Trajectory studies suggest considerable stability of persistent or recurrent pain in adolescence. This points to the first decade of life as an important aetiologic window for shaping future pain, where the potential for prevention may be optimised. Objectives We aimed to quantify changes in mother-reported pain experience in children between ages 7 and 10 and describe clusters of different pain experiences defined by complementary pain features. Methods We conducted a prospective study using data from 4036 Generation XXI birth cohort participants recruited in 2005-06. Pain history was reported by mothers at ages 7 and 10 using the Luebeck pain screening questionnaire. We tracked changes in six pain features over time using relative risks (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Clusters were obtained using the k-medoids algorithm. Results The risk of severe pain at age 10 increased with increasing severity at age 7, with RRs ranging from 2.18 (95% CI 1.90, 2.50) for multisite to 4.43 (95% CI 3.19, 6.15) for high frequency pain at age 7. A majority of children (59.4%) had transient or no pain but two clusters included children with stable recurrent pain (n = 404, 10.2% of the sample). One of those (n = 177) was characterised by higher probabilities of multisite pain (74.6% and 66.7% at ages 7 and 10, respectively), with psychosocial triggers/contexts (59.3% and 61.0%) and daily-living restrictions (72.2% and 84.6%). Most children in that cluster (58.3%) also self-reported recent pain at age 10 and had more frequent family history of chronic pain (60.5%). Conclusions All pain features assessed tracked with a positive gradient between ages 7 and 10, arguing for the significance of the first decade of life in the escalation of the pain experience. Multisite pain and psychosocial attributions appeared to be early markers of more adverse pain experiences.This study was funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), through COMPETE 2020 Operational Programme ‘Competitiveness and Internationalisation’ together with national funding from the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)—Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education—through the projects “STEPACHE—The paediatric roots of amplified pain: from contextual influences to risk stratification” (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029087, info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/9471 - RIDTI/PTDC/SAU-EPI/29087/2017/PT), and “HIneC: When do health inequalities start? Understanding the impact of childhood social adversity on health trajectories from birth to early adolescence” (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029567, info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/9471 - RIDTI/info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/9471 - RIDTI/PTDC/SAU-PUB/29567/2017/PT017/PT). This work was also supported by the Epidemiology Research Unit—Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto (EPIUnit) (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006862; UID/DTP/04750/2019), by Administração Regional de Saúde Norte (Regional Department of the Portuguese Ministry of Health) and Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation

Um sistema de recomendação para conteúdos da cultura da cana-de-açúcar.

O objetivo desse trabalho foi projetar e desenvolver um sistema de recomendação web, baseado em regras de associação, que ofereça recomendações automaticamente de conteúdos da cultura da cana-de-açúcar, de acordo com o perfil dos usuários

Deterministic single-photon source from a single ion

We realize a deterministic single-photon source from one and the same calcium ion interacting with a high-finesse optical cavity. Photons are created in the cavity with efficiency (88 +- 17)%, a tenfold improvement over previous cavity-ion sources. Results of the second-order correlation function are presented, demonstrating a high suppression of two-photon events limited only by background counts. The cavity photon pulse shape is obtained, with good agreement between experiment and simulation. Moreover, theoretical analysis of the temporal evolution of the atomic populations provides relevant information about the dynamics of the process and opens the way to future investigations of a coherent atom-photon interface

Adjusting a simple crop model to predict maize and sorghum yield in the northeast Brazil.

A agricultura de sequeiro no Nordeste do Brasil tem sido frequentemente afetada pelas condições adversas de tempo e clima. Para antecipar a ocorrência de um colapso na produção agrícola o presente trabalho objetivou ajustar um modelo agrometeorológico para as culturas de milho e sorgo nos municípios de Serra Talhada e Araripina, ambos no estado de Pernambuco. Foi utilizado o modelo de balanço hídrico do CPTEC/INPE, incluindo informações para estimar colapso de safra, como proposto por Doorenbos e Kassan (1979). A análise apresentou um índice de concordância de 80%, classificado como muito bom, e um erro menor que 30%, classificado como aceitável, o que sugere que o modelo ajustado possa também produzir estimativas satisfatórias pra toda região Nordeste