Caracterização territorial do desemprego registado em Portugal: aplicação da análise de clusters

Revista on-line na plataforma Scielo: http://www.scielo.orgPropriedade do Título: INDEG/PROJECTOS – Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Gestão EmpresarialApesar da discussão em torno da taxa de desemprego nacional, pouco se conhece quanto à distribuição territorial das características dos desempregados registados nos centros de emprego mesmo que o conhecimento dessa distribuição possa ser de utilidade crucial no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas adequadas de combate ao desemprego. Este artigo procura ultrapassar tal lacuna, recorrendo à análise de clusters. A metodologia referida procurar encontrar grupos de unidades territoriais NUTII) que apresentem as mesmas características para os desempregados registados. Os resultados permitem concluir pelo agrupamento dos distritos portugueses em quatro grandes grupos, com uma distinção clara entre o Norte e o Sul e ainda o litoral e o interior de Portugal Continental, assim como uma alteração no perfil regional de desemprego registado

Regional unemployment patterns: a cluster analysis approach to the portuguese economy

The data mining methodology, in particular the cluster analysis technique, is an important ally in the study of economic patterns in a multivariate framework. Aware of its analytical importance this paper adopts such method of study to identify groups of Portuguese administrative regions that share similar patterns regarding some characteristics of unemployed registered individuals. The regional distribution of the unemployed individual characteristics is of core importance for the development of public policies directed to fight the unemployment phenomenon, especially in times of crisis. The research is based on annual cross-section data, from the Portuguese public employment service, for the period before and after the finance crisis. The analysis over time tries to find out if there are persistent regional trends especially when the aggregate unemployment rate rises. Preliminary results show a clear division of the territory into four regions – north and south and urban and rural areas - that stresses the importance of designing well-directed public labour policies

Unemployment similarities among portuguese regions - a cluster analysis approach

The regional distribution of the unemployed individual characteristics is of core importance for the development of public policies that can fight the unemployment phenomenon, especially in times of crises. The data mining cluster methodology allows finding groups of regional areas that share the same characteristics for the register unemployed and, therefore, helps in a better understanding of the problem and possible solutions. Preliminary results for the Portuguese regions show a clear division of the territory among four regions – north and south and urban and rural areas of the country – concerning individual characteristics such the gender, age, education or unemployment duration. These results have policy consequences

Caracterização territorial do desemprego registado em Portugal: aplicação da análise de clusters

No último ano muito se tem discorrido relativamente ao aumento dos registos de desemprego em Portugal em consequência, não só, da grave crise internacional como, também, das características específicas do mercado de trabalho nacional. No entanto, apesar da discussão em torno da taxa de desemprego nacional, pouco se conhece quanto à distribuição territorial das características dos desempregados registados nos centros de emprego mesmo que o conhecimento dessa distribuição possa ser de utilidade crucial no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas adequadas de combate ao desemprego. Este artigo procura ultrapassar tal lacuna, recorrendo à análise de clusters. A metodologia referida procurar encontrar grupos de unidades territoriais que apresentem as mesmas características para os desempregados registados. Os resultados preliminares permitem concluir pelo agrupamento dos distritos portugueses em quatro grandes grupos, com uma distinção clara entre o Norte e o Sul e ainda o litoral e o interior de Portugal Continental relativamente a características dos desempregados registados como o género, idade, escolaridade, situação relativamente ao primeiro emprego ou duração de desemprego

The use of ore microscopy data for flotation process control by means of a liberation model - a case study

Any realistic description of ore processing dealing with a particulate system requires an adequate characterization of it properties, mainly particle size and grade,because these are the most important variables that influence the performance of a mineral processing separation, such as froth flotation. Experience has shown that an appropriate model for liberation of solid phases must always integrate all available mineralogical data by comminution. The present work aims too describe a case study for calibration of a liberation model with data obtained from semi-quantitative mineralogical analysis (ore microscopy). For the specific case of random comminution, a limit probability argument is used to justify the introduction of Euler's Beta Law as well-suited tool for describing the liberantion state of a comminuted ore, because it is able to predict the grade distribution of a given iso-size fraction of such particulate system

Análise do desempenho de uma nova técnica de reforço ao corte para elementos estruturais de betão armado

A formação de fendas de corte em elementos estruturais reforçados à flexão com materiais compósitos (FRP) deve ser evitada, uma vez que antecipa a ruína do elemento, impossibilitando o total aproveitamento das propriedades oferecidas pelo reforço. Neste trabalho estudou-se o comportamento de provetes de betão armado, reforçados ao corte com varões embebidos em adesivo segundo a técnica de reforço designada por “Core Drilled Mounted” (CDM). Catorze provetes foram divididos em seis grupos, de maneira a estudar influência de alguns parâmetros no desempenho da técnica proposta, designadamente: classe de resistência do betão; tipo de varões; tipo de adesivo; diâmetro dos varões, percentagem de reforço ao corte e existência de pré-fissuração. Os resultados mais significativos obtidos na investigação efectuada são apresentados no presente trabalho

Inequality in Emerging Countries

We review the theoretical and empirical economic literature upon income inequality in emerging countries. We firstly describe the main observed de velopments and show that these are rather diverse across countries and developing regions. We subsequently expose the main theoretical mechanisms. We make a distinction between the traditional approaches (Kuznets, Lewis, Stolper-Samuelson) and the new explanations. In the latter, globalization and globalization-driven technological changes are at the core of the analyses. Both approaches bring out several opposite mechanisms. Finally, the empirical estimates display rather conflicting results. Most cross-country studies find a weak impact of globalization on income inequality. In contrast, several longitudinal studies concerning countries taken separately or small groups of countries reveal a positive correlation between openness and the relative demand for skill and inequality. These apparently conflicting findings reflect the opposite mechanisms linked to globalisation and the differences in countries' experiences

Exploring the possibilities of a new technique for the shear strengthening of RC elements

In the present work, the possibilities of a CFRP-based strengthening technique, herein designated Core Drilled Mounted (CDM) technique, to increase the shear resistance of reinforced concrete (RC) elements were explored. For this purpose, an exploratory experimental program of short beam shear specimens was carefully carried out with the purpose of capturing the main features of the CFRP bar contribution for the concrete shear resistance. The adopted monitoring system was able of establishing a relationship between crack opening, crack sliding and strains in the CFRP strengthening bar, for each applied load. From the obtained results it was observed that a CFRP reinforcement ratio of 0.2% contributed for a 26% increment in terms of specimen shear resistance. Furthermore, at a crack width of 0.3 mm the strain level in the CFRP was enough significant to show that this is a promising strengthening technique for the shear and punching resistance of RC structures. It was also observed that the contribution of the CFRP bars was more effective when concrete cohesive failure mode occurred, indicating that bar-adhesive debond failure mode should be avoided, which requires to select the most appropriate FRP-adhesive system

Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle in an adult: case report and literature review

A 27 years old male, presented with a bump over the middle third of is right clavicle and a foreshortened shoulder girdle causing a severe deformity. Radiographs revealed a Congenital pseudarthrosis of the clavicle (CPC). A resection of the pseudarthrosis was carried and internal fixation with a reconstruction plate was done using iliac graft. One year after he was asymptomatic, without any functional impairment and very satisfied with the final cosmetic result. There is no consensus about optimal treatment. We present a rare case of surgical in an adult patient, and demonstrate why treatment must be individualized and surgical associated complications must be discussed