Prognostic power of conventional echocardiography in individuals without history of cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Echocardiographic abnormalities are associated with a higher incidence of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate whether echocardiographic abnormalities are predictors of cardiovascular events in individuals without previous cardiovascular diseases. The PubMed, Scopus, and SciELO databases were searched for longitudinal studies investigating the association between echocardiographic abnormalities and cardiovascular events among individuals without known cardiovascular diseases. Two independent reviewers analyzed data on the number of participants, age and sex, echocardiographic alterations, follow-up time, and cardiovascular outcomes. The meta-analysis estimated the risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 test. Twenty-two longitudinal studies met the eligibility criteria, comprising a total of 55,603 patients. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was associated with non-fatal cardiovascular events (RR 2.16; 95% CI 1.22-3.84), death from cardiovascular disease (RR 2.58; 95% CI 1.83- 3.64), and all-cause mortality (RR 2.02; 95% CI 1.34-3.04). Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) and left atrial dilation (LA) were associated with fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events (RR 2.01; 95% CI 1.32-3.07) and (RR 1.78; 95% CI 1.16-2.73), respectively. Aortic root dilation was associated with non-fatal cardiovascular events (RR 1.25; 95% CI 1.09-1.43). In conclusion, LVH, LVDD, dilations of the LA, and of the aortic root were associated with an increased risk of adverse events in individuals without previous cardiovascular diseases. This study suggests that simple data obtained on conventional echocardiography can be an important predictor of cardiovascular outcomes in a low-risk population

Multifactorial Etiology Pulmonary Hypertension in a Patient with Sarcoidosis

Differential diagnosis between pre- and postcapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with diastolic heart failure (DHF) is a challenge in clinical practice. The presence of PH is implicated in worse prognosis in patients with this disease. This case report approaches the process of investigation of pulmonary hypertension in adult patient with DHF, double mitral lesion, and sarcoidosis with poor clinical outcome

Prognóstico da incompetência cronotrópica em idosos diabéticos à ecocardiografia sob estresse físico

FUNDAMENTO: A incompetência cronotrópica (IC), definida como a incapacidade de atingir no esforço 80% da frequência de reserva esperada para a idade, é um fator preditor de mortalidade e eventos cardiovasculares e pode conferir pior prognóstico a grupos em expansão devido ao acelerado processo de envelhecimento populacional, como em idosos diabéticos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o valor prognóstico da IC em idosos diabéticos considerando desfechos com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), doença cerebrovascular (DCV) e óbito geral, e comparar características clínicas e ecocardiográficas entre os que têm IC e os que não têm. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 298 pacientes idosos e diabéticos submetidos a ecocardiografia de estresse sob esforço físico (EF), de janeiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2010. Destes, 109 eram incompetentes cronotrópicos, grupo G1, e foram comparados aos competentes, grupo G2, quanto à ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares, características clínicas e ecocardiográficas. RESULTADOS: O grupo G1, em relação ao grupo controle, apresentou maior frequência de DCV (9,2% × 3,2; p = 0,027) e maior frequência de óbito para aqueles que sofreram DCV ou IAM. Angina típica e dispneia prévias à realização da EF e sexo masculino foram mais frequentes no G1. A análise das variáveis ecocardiográficas demonstrou que o índice do escore de motilidade do ventrículo esquerdo (IEMVE) de repouso e de esforço, o índice de massa do VE (ventrículo esquerdo) e o diâmetro do AE (átrio esquerdo) foram maiores entre os incompetentes cronotrópicos. CONCLUSÃO: A IC foi associada, de forma independente, à ocorrência de DCV em idosos diabético

Prognóstico da incompetência cronotrópica em idosos diabéticos à ecocardiografia sob estresse físico Prognostic value of chronotropic incompetence in elderly patients undergoing exercise echocardiography

FUNDAMENTO: A incompetência cronotrópica (IC), definida como a incapacidade de atingir no esforço 80% da frequência de reserva esperada para a idade, é um fator preditor de mortalidade e eventos cardiovasculares e pode conferir pior prognóstico a grupos em expansão devido ao acelerado processo de envelhecimento populacional, como em idosos diabéticos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o valor prognóstico da IC em idosos diabéticos considerando desfechos com infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM), doença cerebrovascular (DCV) e óbito geral, e comparar características clínicas e ecocardiográficas entre os que têm IC e os que não têm. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 298 pacientes idosos e diabéticos submetidos a ecocardiografia de estresse sob esforço físico (EF), de janeiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2010. Destes, 109 eram incompetentes cronotrópicos, grupo G1, e foram comparados aos competentes, grupo G2, quanto à ocorrência de eventos cardiovasculares, características clínicas e ecocardiográficas. RESULTADOS: O grupo G1, em relação ao grupo controle, apresentou maior frequência de DCV (9,2% × 3,2; p = 0,027) e maior frequência de óbito para aqueles que sofreram DCV ou IAM. Angina típica e dispneia prévias à realização da EF e sexo masculino foram mais frequentes no G1. A análise das variáveis ecocardiográficas demonstrou que o índice do escore de motilidade do ventrículo esquerdo (IEMVE) de repouso e de esforço, o índice de massa do VE (ventrículo esquerdo) e o diâmetro do AE (átrio esquerdo) foram maiores entre os incompetentes cronotrópicos. CONCLUSÃO: A IC foi associada, de forma independente, à ocorrência de DCV em idosos diabéticosBACKGROUND: Chronotropic incompetence (CI), defined as failure to achieve less than 80% of age-expected heart rate, is a predictor of mortality and adverse cardiovascular events and may confer a worse prognosis in elderly diabetic individuals. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic value of chronotropic incompetence (CI) in elderly diabetic patients considering endpoints with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and overall mortality and compare clinical and echocardiographic characteristics between patients with and without CI. METHOD: A total of 298 elderly diabetic patients undergoing exercise echocardiography (EE) were studied from January 2001 to December 2010. Of these, 109 were chronotropic incompetent (group 1) and were compared with the chronotropic competent ones (group 2) regarding the occurrence of cardiovascular events, clinical and echocardiographic characteristics. RESULTS: Chronotropic incompetents patients showed a higher frequency of cerebrovascular disease (9.2% vs. 3.2, p = 0.027) and higher mortality was observed in those who had cerebrovascular disease or acute myocardial infarction. The presence of typical angina and dyspnea prior to the performance of EE and male gender were more frequent in group 1. Rest and exercise left ventricular wall motion score index, rate of left ventricle mass and left atrium diameter were higher in chronotropic incompetent individuals. CONCLUSION: Chronotropic incompetence was independently associated with the occurrence of cerebrovascular disease in elderly diabetic individuals

Prognostic Value of Chronotropic Incompetence in Elderly Patients Undergoing Exercise Echocardiography

Abstract Background: Chronotropic incompetence (CI), defined as failure to achieve less than 80% of age-expected heart rate, is a predictor of mortality and adverse cardiovascular events and may confer a worse prognosis in elderly diabetic individuals

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2007

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq