Low pressure injection of oxyhydrogen in turbocharged compression ignition engines

U radu se predlaže eksperimentalna analiza utjecaja primjene elektrolitičkog plina (oxyhydrogen gas) kao rezultata postupka elektrolize provedene na vozilu, u motoru s kompresijskim paljenjem. Eksperiment se sastoji od niza testova trajnog opterećenja (isti položaj akceleratora), na šasiji dinamometra, započinjući s uobičajenim gorivom (standardno gorivo za diesel motore), a u sljedećoj fazi uvodeći elektrolitički plin (plin kisika i vodika) kroz razdjelnik motora vozila, uz različite postotke volumena. Eksperimentalni podaci pokazuju pozitivan utjecaj dodanog elektrolitičkog plina na neprozirnost dimnog plina i porast NOx koncentracije. Mehanički parametri motora istaknuli su određene trendove, rezultirajući s definitivno korisnim obogaćujućim utjecajem elektrolitičkog plina.The paper proposes to analyse experimentally the influence of using oxyhydrogen gas, resulting from a process of electrolysis produced on board the vehicle, in supercharged compression ignition engine. The experiment consists in the series of the constant load tests (the same position of the accelerator), on the chassis dynamometer, initially starting with conventional fuel (standard diesel oil) and in the second phase by introducing the oxyhydrogen through engine manifold of the vehicle, with different volume percentages. The experimental data reveal a positive influence of the added oxyhydrogen on opacity of the flue gas and an increase of the NOx concentration. The mechanical parameters of the engine just highlighted certain trends, resulting in definitely the favourable enriching influence of oxyhydrogen

Csavar implantátum behelyezése az állcsontba az 1930-as években a debreceni Sebészeti Klinikán

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A jogi műveltség a 18-19. században = Legal culture and literature in the 18th-19th centuries

2006-ban az eredeti programnak megfelelően elkészült a kutatást átfogó értékelő tanulmány. Előkészítettük a 18-19. század jogi művelődésének körében az ígért szakmai konferenciát. A 2003-2006 között zajlott kutatás három nagy területen járt megítélésünk szerint komoly eredménnyel. 1. A jogi oktatás reformjai 2. Az európai és a magyar jogi kultúra találkozási pontjai a 18-19. században 3. A szimbólumok és rituálék szerepe a jogéletben. Ad 1.: A jogászképzés történetének és reformjainak feldolgozása a programban ígért módon megtörtént. Ad 2.: A kutatás egyik fő kérdése volt a nyugat-európai hatások elemzése, a tudományos kapcsolatokon túl, a korábban sok esetben szokásjogi fejlődése okán periférikusnak minősített magyar jogélet és jogi kultúra vonatkozásában. Ennek feltárása nemzetközi konferenciák keretében zajlott. Ad 3.: A pályázat legnagyobb súlyú eleme a szimbólumok és rituálék szerepének elemzése volt a magyar jogéletben. A kutatás keretében megjelentettük az első magyarországi, jogi szimbólumkutatásról szóló tanulmánykötetet. | By 2006 ? according to the original program ? the comprehensive and evaluative study of the exploration was completed. We have prepared the promised professional conference: ''Legal civilization in the 18-19th century''. In our view, the research between 2003 and 2006 had serious results especially in three areas: 1. The reforms of the legal education; 2. The interference of the European and Hungarian legal civilization in the 18-19th century; 3. The function of the symbols and rituals in the legal life. Ad 1.: As we proposed in the application the research of the history and reforms of the legal education has been made. Ad 2.: One of the most important tasks was to analyze the Western-European effects in connection with the previously periferic-labelled Hungarian legal life and civilization, beside the scientific relations. The exploration of this happened in frames of international conferences. Ad 3.: The most important part of the application was the analysis of the role of symbols and rituals in Hungarian legal life. We published the first Hungarian essay-book on the research of legal symbols

Three is the magic number -- distance measurement of NGC 3147 using SN 2021hpr and its siblings

The nearby spiral galaxy NGC 3147 hosted three Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) in the past decades, which have been subjects of intense follow-up observations. Simultaneous analysis of their data provides a unique opportunity for testing the different light curve fitting methods and distance estimations. The detailed optical follow-up of SN 2021hpr allows us to revise the previous distance estimations to NGC 3147, and compare the widely used light curve fitting algorithms to each other. After the combination of the available and newly published data of SN 2021hpr, its physical properties can be also estimated with higher accuracy. We present and analyse new BVgriz and Swift photometry of SN 2021hpr to constrain its general physical properties. Together with its siblings, SNe 1997bq and 2008fv, we cross-compare the individual distance estimates of these three SNe given by the SALT code, and also check their consistency with the results from the MLCS2k2 method. The early spectral series of SN 2021hpr are also fit with the radiative spectral code TARDIS in order to verify the explosion properties and constrain the chemical distribution of the outer ejecta. After combining the distance estimates for the three SNe, the mean distance to their host galaxy, NGC 3127, is 42.5 $\pm$ 1.0 Mpc, which matches with the distance inferred by the most up-to-date LC fitters, SALT3 and BayeSN. We confirm that SN~2021hpr is a Branch-normal Type Ia SN that ejected $\sim 1.12 \pm 0.28$ M$_\odot$ from its progenitor white dwarf, and synthesized $\sim 0.44 \pm 0.14$ M$_\odot$ of radioactive $^{56}$Ni.Comment: 16 pages, 17 figures, 11 tables; accepted for publication in A&

Emelkedő anyai életkor részesedése a császármetszés-frekvencia növekedésében

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Novel cyclic C5-curcuminoids penetrating the blood-brain barrier: design, synthesis and antiproliferative activity against astrocytoma and neuroblastoma cells

Novel series of cyclic C5-curcuminoids 17a-j and 19-22 were prepared as cytotoxic agents and evaluated against human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) or human grade IV astrocytoma (CCF-STTG1) cell lines in low (∼0.1 nM - 10 nM) concentrations. Among the tested 21 derivatives, 16 displayed potent antiproliferative activity with IC50 values in the low nanomolar to picomolar range (IC50 = 7.483-0.139 nM). Highly active compounds like N-monocarboxylic derivative 19b with IC50 = 0.139 nM value against neuroblastoma and N-alkyl substituted 11 with IC50 = 0.257 nM against astrocytoma proved some degree of selectivity toward non-cancerous astrocytes and kidney cells. This potent anticancer activity did not show a strong correlation with experimental logPTLC values, but the most potent antiproliferative molecules 11-13 and 19-22 are belonging to discrete subgroups of the cyclic C5-curcuminoids. Compounds 12, 17c and 19b were subjected to blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration studies, too. The BBB was revealed to be permeable for all of them but, as the apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) values mirrored, in different ratios. Lower toxicity of 12, 17c and 19b was observed toward primary rat brain endothelial cells of the BBB model, which means they remained undamaged under 10 µM concentrations. Penetration depends, at least in part, on albumin binding of 12, 17c and 19b and the presence of monocarboxylic acid transporters in the case of 19b. Permeation through the BBB and albumin binding, we described here, is the first example of cyclic C5-curcuminoids as to our knowledge

A low-luminosity core-collapse supernova very similar to SN 2005cs

We present observations and analysis of PSN J17292918+7542390, a low-luminosity Type II-P supernova (LL SN IIP). The observed sample of such events is still low, and their nature is still under debate. Such supernovae are similar to SN 2005cs, a well-observed low-luminosity Type II-P event, having low expansion velocities, and small ejected $^{56}$Ni mass. We have developed a robust and relatively fast Monte-Carlo code that fits semi-analytic models to light curves of core collapse supernovae. This allows the estimation of the most important physical parameters, like the radius of the progenitor star, the mass of the ejected envelope, the mass of the radioactive nickel synthesized during the explosion, among others. PSN J17292918+7542390 has $R_0 = 91_{-70}^{+119} \cdot 10^{11} \;\text{cm}$, $M_\text{ej} = 9.89_{-1.00}^{+2.10} \; M_{\odot}$, $E_{\mathrm{kin}} = 0.65_{-0.18}^{+0.19} \;\text{foe}$, $v_{\mathrm{exp}} = 3332_{-347}^{+216}$ km s$^{-1}$, for its progenitor radius, ejecta mass, kinetic energy and expansion velocity, respectively. The initial nickel mass of the PSN J17292918+7542390 turned out to be $1.55_{-0.70}^{+0.75} \cdot 10^{-3} M_{\odot}$. The measured photospheric velocity at the earliest observed phase is 7000 km s$^{-1}$. As far as we can tell based on the small population of observed low-luminosity Type II-P supernovae, the determined values are typical for these events.Comment: 19 pages, 13 figure

Large fetal weight alone in Robson-1 parturients doesn't translate into a risk of Caesarean delivery higher then that of a vaginal birth

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Redox and Hormonal Changes in the Transcriptome of Grape (Vitis vinifera) Berries During Natural Noble Rot Development

Noble rot is a favorable form of the interaction between grape (Vitis spp.) berries and the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea. The transcriptome pattern of grapevine cells subject to natural noble rot development in the historic Hungarian Tokaj wine region has not been previously published. Furmint, a traditional white Tokaj variety suited to develop great quality noble rot was used in the experiments. Exploring a subset of the Furmint transcriptome redox and hormonal changes distinguishing between noble rot and bunch rot was revealed. Noble rot is defined by an early spike in abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation and a pronounced remodeling of ABA-related gene expression. Transcription of glutathione S-transferase isoforms is uniquely upregulated, whereas gene expression of some sectors of the antioxidative apparatus (e.g., catalases, carotenoid biosynthesis) is downregulated. These mRNA responses are lacking in berries exposed to bunch rot. Our results help to explain molecular details behind the fine and dynamic balance between noble rot and bunch rot development

Szülés módja és neonatális eredmények: terminuson túl szinguláris fejvégű magzattal spontán vajúdó, először szülő nők körében

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