Social Exclusion and Child Nutritional Status among the Scheduled Population in India

The concept of social exclusion covers a wide range of economic and social problems commonly related poverty, inequality, deprivation and discrimination. The child nutritional status is one of the important areas where the concept has serious applicability. The proportions of undernourished children in India is significantly higher along with wide spread socio-economic inequalities. The disadvantaged scheduled population (i.e. SC’s & ST’s) in the country are tremendously affected by multidimensional poverty and thus bearing the immense burden of undernourishment especially among the young children. Using the 3rd round of National Family and Health Survey (NFHS-3; 2005-06) dataset the study broadly suggests that the problem is deeply rooted in larger form social exclusion and deprivation among the lower most segments of the population. It explores the different contours exclusion related to the lesser access of the basic health care facilities, one of the leading causes for the very high rate of child undernourishment among the children. Keywords: Social Exclusion, Poverty, Inequality, Deprivation, Discrimination, Scheduled Children, Nutritional Status

A Review on the Degradation of Ionic and Non Ionic Surfactants in Water

The ability to respond to changing consumer and industrial wastes is critical for water treatment. Surfactants are of importance because of their increasing prevalence in home and industrial settings, as well as the challenges they provide to standard treatment. Surface active agents (SAAs) are chemical compounds that are discharged into the environment. They may have a deleterious impact on ecosystem biotic components. They also produce an increase in the aqueous phase solubility of organic contaminants. The destiny of SAAs in the environment is currently uncertain. Recognizing this issue will help to safeguard live species and maintain the quality and balance of a diverse ecosystem.This critical evaluation considers studies from several technical disciplines to offer an up-to-date summary of the environmental effects of surfactants. A variety of technologies are discussed, as well as their drawbacks and potential solutions

A sustainable C–H functionalization of indoles, pyrroles and furans under a blue LED with iodonium ylides

Pyrrole and indole derivatives are functionalized via a green initiative with the dimethyl malonate derived phenyl iodonium ylide 4a in the presence of a blue LED via C–H functionalization of the respective heterocycles in methanol to generate the desired compounds 5–7 in moderate to good yields. Control experiments provide insight into the probable reaction mechanism. Finally, the strategy is successfully applied in the generation of azepino[4,5-b]indole 12a/b

Effect of Nano-DAP on Soil Characteristics and Qualities of Cabbage

An investigation was carried out at the Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, A.A.U., Jorhat during 2021-2022 to study the effect of nano-DAP on quality and soil characteristics of cabbage. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Block Design with thirteen treatments and three replications. The quality and soil characters showed significant differences among the treatments. The maximum compact heads (39.84) were obtained in T3 and among nano-DAP treatments (29.88) in T7. Observations recorded at harvesting stage showed highest number of wrapper and non-wrapper leaves at T12 (16.80) and T3 (31.93). Leaf chlorophyll content was maximum in T11 (1.36 mg/g fw), T5 (1.65 mg/g fw) and T7 (1.66 mg/g fw) at 30, 60 DAT & at harvest. N content in leaves was highest in T10 (3.62%), T3 attained the maximum P (0.46%) and K (3.95%). The maximum available NPK in soil was obtained in T9 (291.03 kg/ha), T13 (20.88 kg/ha) and T4 (95.04 kg/ha). Thus nano-DAP can be a good economic and eco-friendly alternative to conventional inorganic fertilizers, reducing the quantity of application while sustaining the quality of the produce

Cu(II)-Catalyzed Multicomponent Reaction of Pyridine Derivatives/Isoquinolines with Iodonium Ylide and 1,4-Quinones Using Mechanochemistry

An efficient copper-catalyzed solvent-free multicomponent reaction for pyridine derivatives, iodonium ylides, and 1,4-quinones is developed via a room-temperature ball milling technique. The reported protocol provides a sustainable synthesis of isoindolo[2,1-a]pyridine/isoquinoline class of molecules in good to excellent yield in a mixer mill (RETSCH MM400) engaging the commercially available copper acetate (Cu(OAc)2) as a catalyst without the use of organic solvents. It tolerates a myriad of electron-rich and electron-deficient functionalities on the pyridine moiety. The scalability of the protocol was illustrated by successfully performing the reaction in the gram scale. The photoluminescence and related cellular study revealed that these can be used as a fluorescent chromophore-based cellular probe. A clean reaction profile and a facile experimental setup that is devoid of anhydrous reaction conditions and toxic organic solvents have established the advantages of this strategy over the reported process