309 research outputs found
Legal-institutional typology of the subject of economic security
The article considers the problems of development of legal regulation in economic security. It evaluates the questions of formation of institutional factors, which define the system of legal prevention of threats to economic security.
The study investigates the problems of transformation of economic security into one of the fundamental categories of the current right, which in turn defined the direction and depth of legal institutional structure of economic security at all levels. The factors impacting the growth of scientific and applied interest towards the conceptual, legal and institutional interpretations of economic security have been defined. Current legislation allowing to define the features of subject relations in the given sphere is being analysed.
The research of acting Russian legislation, as well as the process of identifying the institutional and legal subjects of economic security, allow to construct the model of economic security with phenomenological method of thinking.
Modern forms of institutionalization of legal support for economic security are based on the experience of leading regions across the world. The article points out that domestic legal science has significantly improved in conceptualizing the problems of economic security on the basis of classic examples of effective innovation activity.
The article investigates the problems of legal institutionalization of the subjects of economic security, as well as carries out the search for effective measures to counteract the damaging tendencies in the economic sphere.peer-reviewe
Metallic phase in stoichiometric CeOBiS 2 revealed by space-resolved ARPES
Recently CeOBiS2 system without any fluorine doping is found to show superconductivity posing question on its origin. Using space resolved ARPES we have found a metallic phase embedded in the morphological defects and at the sample edges of stoichiometric CeOBiS2. While bulk of the sample is semiconducting, the embedded metallic phase is characterized by the usual electron pocket at X point, similar to the Fermi surface of doped BiS2-based superconductors. Typical size of the observed metallic domain is larger than the superconducting correlation length of the system suggesting that the observed superconductivity in undoped CeOBiS2 might be due to this embedded metallic phase at the defects. The results also suggest a possible way to develop new systems by manipulation of the defects in these chalcogenides with structural instability
Spectromicroscopy of electronic phase separation in KFeSe superconductor
Structural phase separation in AFeSe system has been studied
by different experimental techniques, however, it should be important to know
how the electronic uniformity is influenced, on which length scale the
electronic phases coexist, and what is their spatial distribution. Here, we
have used novel scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) to study the
electronic phase separation in KFeSe, providing a direct
measurement of the topological spatial distribution of the different electronic
phases. The SPEM results reveal a peculiar interconnected conducting
filamentary phase that is embedded in the insulating texture. The filamentary
structure with a particular topological geometry could be important for the
high T superconductivity in the presence of a phase with a large magnetic
moment in AFeSe materials.Comment: 14 pages,3 figure
Band alignment and interlayer hybridisation in transition metal dichalcogenide/hexagonal boron nitride heterostructures
In van der Waals heterostructures, the relative alignment of bands between
layers, and the resulting band hybridisation, are key factors in determining a
range of electronic properties. This work examines these effects for
heterostructures of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and hexagonal boron
nitride (hBN), an ubiquitous combination given the role of hBN as an
encapsulating material. By comparing results of density functional calculations
with experimental angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) results, we
explore the hybridisation between the valence states of the TMD and hBN layers,
and show that it introduces avoided crossings between the TMD and hBN bands,
with umklapp processes opening `ghost' avoided crossings in individual bands.
Comparison between DFT and ARPES spectra for the MoSe/hBN heterostructure
shows that the valence bands of MoSe and hBN are significantly further
separated in energy in experiment as compared to DFT. We then show that a novel
scissor operator can be applied to the hBN valence states in the DFT
calculations, to correct the band alignment and enable quantitative comparison
to ARPES, explaining avoided crossings and other features of band visibility in
the ARPES spectra
Strongly localized polaritons in an array of trapped two-level atoms interacting with a light field
We propose a new type of spatially periodic structure, i.e. polaritonic
crystal (PolC), to observe a "slow"/"stopped" light phenomenon due to coupled
atom-field states (polaritons) in a lattice. Under the tightbinding
approximation, such a system realizes an array of weakly coupled trapped
two-component atomic ensembles interacting with optical field in a
tunnel-coupled one dimensional cavity array. We have shown that the phase
transition to the superfluid Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer state, a so-called
(BCS)-type state of low branch polaritons, occurs under the strong coupling
condition. Such a transition results in the appearance of a macroscopic
polarization of the atomic medium at non-zero frequency. The principal result
is that the group velocity of polaritons depends essentially on the order
parameter of the system, i.e. on the average photon number in the cavity array.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
NOVEL APPROACHES TO TREATING NONSPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN
Objective: to evaluate the impact of therapy with chondroitin sulfate (CS) and glucosamine (GA) on the clinical manifestations of low back pain (LBP).Subjects and methods. A multicenter open-label observational prospective study was conducted in 22 cities of Russia (46 centers) to investigate the efficacy of a combination of CS and GA in the outpatient treatment of nonspecific LBP. A total of 9761 patients were enrolled in the study that was completed by 8546 patients. Therapeutic efficiency was evaluated from changes in pain intensity during movement and at rest, by using the visual analogue scale. The Oswestry disability index, an global physician and patient assessment of therapeutic efficiency, and a daily need for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were taken into account as additional criteria for efficiency evaluation.Results and discussion. The multicenter open-label observational study established the efficacy of a combination of CS and GA in treating nonspecific LBP: relief in pain during movement and at rest, functional improvement, and a reduction in the daily need for NSAIDs. The patients and physicians highly assessed therapeutic efficiency. The combination of CS and GA was also noted to be well tolerated. The findings may suggest that this combination may be a promising tool to treat LBP and gives proof to the expediency of its use in randomized placebo-controlled studies
Determination of interatomic coupling between two-dimensional crystals using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy
Lack of directional bonding between two-dimensional crystals like graphene or
monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides provides unusual freedom in
selection of components for vertical van der Waals heterostructures. However,
even for identical layers, their stacking, in particular the relative angle
between their crystallographic directions, modifies properties of the
structure. We demonstrate that the interatomic coupling between two
two-dimensional crystals can be determined from angle-resolved photoemission
spectra of a trilayer structure with one aligned and one twisted interface.
Each of the interfaces provides complementary information and together they
enable self-consistent determination of the coupling. We parametrize
interatomic coupling for carbon atoms by studying twisted trilayer graphene and
show that the result can be applied to structures with different twists and
number of layers. Our approach demonstrates how to extract fundamental
information about interlayer coupling in a stack of two-dimensional crystals
and can be applied to many other van der Waals interfaces.Comment: This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article
published in Nature Communications. The final authenticated version is
available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17412-
Long-term field and laboratory leaching tests of cemented radioactive wastes
Experiments with real and simulated radioactive cementitious wasteforms were set up to compare the leaching behaviour of cementitious wasteforms containing nuclear power plant operational waste in field and laboratory test conditions. Experiments revealed that the average annual Cs-137 leach rate in deionised water was about thirty-five times greater compared with the measured average value for the 1st year of the field test. Cumulative leached fraction of Cs-137 for 1st year (3.74%) was close to values reported in literature for similar laboratory experiments in deionised water, however more than two orders of magnitude higher than the 1st year leached fraction of Cs-137 in the repository test (0.01%). Therefore, to compare field and laboratory test results, a scaling factor is required in order to account for surface to volume factor difference, multiplied by a temperature factor and a leach rate decrease coefficient related to the ground water composition. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
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