Identification of Growth Hormone Receptor in Plexiform Neurofibromas of Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 1

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of growth hormone receptor in plexiform neurofibromas of neurofibromatosis type 1 patients. INTRODUCTION: The development of multiple neurofibromas is one of the major features of neurofibromatosis type 1. Since neurofibromas commonly grow during periods of hormonal change, especially during puberty and pregnancy, it has been suggested that hormones may influence neurofibromatosis type 1 neurofibromas. A recent study showed that the majority of localized neurofibromas from neurofibromatosis type 1 patients have growth hormone receptor. METHODS: Growth hormone receptor expression was investigated in 5 plexiform neurofibromas using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Four of the 5 plexiform neurofibromas were immunopositive for growth hormone receptor. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that growth hormone may influence the development of plexiform neurofibromas in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1

Puntos de referencia actuales para la evaluación del grosor gingival en dientes anteriores maxilares: una revisión sistemática

Objetivos Identificar e informar sobre los puntos de referencia actuales utilizados para medir el grosor gingival (GT) en dientes anteriores maxilares sanos. Material y métodos Se registró en PROSPERO el protocolo de esta revisión sistemática conforme a los Elementos de Información Preferidos para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis (PRISMA) 2020. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica para identificar artículos que cumplieran los criterios de elegibilidad publicados hasta 2022. Se describieron los métodos de evaluación del grosor gingival y los puntos de referencia adoptados en los estudios. Se identificaron los resultados primarios y se calculó la frecuencia de notificación en los artículos seleccionados. Además, se realizaron evaluaciones del riesgo de sesgo para artículos individuales. Resultados Se seleccionaron 58 artículos (34 con bajo riesgo de sesgo y 24 con riesgo de sesgo medio). Se midió el grosor gingival de un total de 3.638 individuos. En los estudios se adoptaron 39 puntos de referencia diferentes. En el metanálisis se incluyeron 56 artículos con 22 puntos de referencia. Se encontró una mayor heterogeneidad entre los estudios (el GT osciló entre 0,48 y 2,59 mm, GT medio 1,074; IC del 95%: 1,024-1,104). Los 3 puntos de referencia más utilizados fueron a 2 mm del margen gingival (10 estudios, GT medio 1,170 mm; IC del 95%: 1,085-1,254), la cresta ósea (9 estudios, GT medio 1,01 mm; IC del 95%: 0,937-1,083) y la unión cemento-esmalte (7 estudios, GT medio 1,172 mm; IC del 95%: 1,105, 1,239). Conclusiones Dentro de los límites de este estudio, se encontró una gran heterogeneidad en el GT, y no hubo consenso sobre el punto de referencia ideal para la medición del GT. Importancia clínica El punto de referencia a 2 mm del margen gingival, situado en la encía adherida, puede utilizarse para la medición del GT mediante dispositivos clínicos y basados en imágenes. Se trata de un paso importante para una evaluación cuantitativa en lugar de cualitativa de los fenotipos.Objectives To identify and report the current landmarks used for measuring gingival thickness (GT) in healthy maxillary anterior teeth. Material and methods The protocol of this Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020-compliant systematic review was registered in PROSPERO. A literature search was conducted to identify articles that met the eligibility criteria published up to 2022. The methods of assessing gingival thickness and the landmarks adopted on the studies were described. Primary outcomes were identified, and the frequency of reporting in the selected articles was calculated. Additionally, risk-of-bias assessments were performed for individual articles. Results Fifty-eight articles (34 with low risk of bias and 24 with medium risk of bias) were selected. A total of 3638 individuals had their gingival thickness measured. Thirty-nine different landmarks were adopted in the studies. Fifty-six articles with 22 landmarks were included in the meta-analysis. A higher heterogeneity was found between the studies (GT ranged from 0.48 to 2.59 mm, mean GT 1.074; 95% CI: 1.024–1.104). The 3 most used landmarks were 2 mm from gingival margin (10 studies, mean GT 1.170 mm, 95% CI: 1.085–1.254), bone crest (9 studies, mean GT 1.01 mm; 95% CI: 0.937–1.083), and cemento-enamel junction (7 studies, mean GT 1.172 mm; 95% CI: 1.105, 1.239). Conclusions Within the limits of this study, a large heterogeneity in GT was found, and there was no consensus on the ideal landmark for GT measurement. Clinical relevance The landmark 2 mm from gingival margin, located at attached gingiva, can be used for GT measurement by clinical and image-based devices. This is an important step for a quantitative instead of a qualitative evaluation of phenotypes

Regeneration of surgically reduced alveolar ridges utilizing demineralized freeze-dried bone cortical columns and membrane[s] in dogs :

PLEASE NOTE: This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community: please click Download and log in with a valid BU account to access. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact [email protected] (D.Sc.D.)--Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry, 1993 (Periodontology).Includes bibliographical references: (leaves 138-155)

Regulation of the early genes in the N-linked glycosylation pathway

PLEASE NOTE: This work is protected by copyright. Downloading is restricted to the BU community: please click Download and log in with a valid BU account to access. If you are the author of this work and would like to make it publicly available, please contact [email protected] (M.Sc.D.)--Boston University, Henry M. Goldman School of Graduate Dentistry, 1990 (Periodontology).Includes bibliographical references: (leaves 52-55).Protein glycosylation at the asparagine residues (Nglycosylation) is obligatory for eukaryotic cell function. The early genes in the N-glycosylation pathway encode glycosyltransferases that catalyze the synthesis of the precursor oligosaccharide. To elucidate how this synthesis is regulated three early genes, ALG7, ALGl and ALG2, of the N-linked glycosylation pathway were analyzed in the yeast§..:.. cerevisiae. Transcripts of these genes were examined in yeast cells grown under different nutritional conditions to exponential and stationary phases. The results indicate that, in the exponential phase, cells grown in minimal media under glucose deprivation have the highest steady-state levels for all the three gene transcripts, while in stationary phase, the highest steady-state levels were observed when cells were grown under optimal conditions. Also, the steady-state transcript levels of ALG7, ALGl and ALG2 are, at least, an order of magnitude higher in the exponentially growing cells as compared to the stationary. The differences are most obvious for the ALG7 gene. We have also investigated the involvement of the ALG7 gene in the physiology of the hamster parotid gland. [TRUNCATED

Relationship between supracrestal soft tissue dimensions and other periodontal phenotypic features: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine the association between periodontal supracrestal soft tissue dimensions (PSSTDs) and other phenotypic features in non-molar maxillary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult subjects in need of comprehensive dental treatment were recruited. Periodontal phenotypic variables (i.e., facial and palatal gingival thickness [GT], alveolar bone thickness [BT], and PSSTDs, namely distance from the gingival margin to the bone crest defined as periodontal supracrestal tissue height [PSTH] and distance from the cementoenamel junction to the bone crest [CEJ-BC]) were recorded using cone-beam computed tomography scans. Standardized intraoral photographs were obtained to assess facial keratinized tissue width (KTW) and other anatomical parameters (i.e., tooth type, gingival architecture, and interproximal papilla height). RESULTS The study sample was constituted by 87 participants that contributed with a total of 522 maxillary anterior teeth. Differences in mean values of PSSTDs, KTW, GT, and BT were observed between tooth types and gender. Males exhibited a thicker GT and BT, and taller PSTH and KTW compared to females. Shorter CEJ-BC was associated with shorter PSTH, wider KTW, and thicker GT and BT. Shorter PSTH was associated with thicker facial BT. Notably, BT and GT were positively correlated at both facial and palatal sites, meaning that the thicker the gingival phenotype, the thicker the bone morphotype. Facial BT and facial GT were positively correlated with KTW. A flat gingival architecture was associated with thick periodontal phenotype. Square teeth had shorter CEJ-BC, wider KTW, and thicker GT. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal phenotypic features vary across and within subjects, between facial and palatal sites at different apico-coronal levels, and as a function of gender and tooth type. The shorter the PSSTDs, the wider the KTW and the thicker the GT and BT. PSSTDs, particularly PSTH, should be considered an integral component of the periodontal phenotype. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Correlation of gingival stippling with periodontal phenotypical features: A cross-sectional study.

This study aimed at determining the correlation between gingival stippling (GS) and other phenotypical characteristics. Adult subjects in need of cone-beam computed tomography scans (CBCT) and comprehensive dental treatment in the maxillary anterior region were recruited. Facial gingival thickness [GT] and buccal bone thickness [BT] were assessed utilizing CBCT. Standardized intraoral photographs were obtained to determine keratinized tissue width (KTW), presence of GS in all facial and interproximal areas between the maxillary canines, and other variables of interest, such as gingival architecture (GA), tooth shape, and location. Statistical analyses to assess different correlations among recorded variables were conducted. A total of 100 participants and 600 maxillary anterior teeth constituted the study population and sample, respectively. Facial GS was observed in 56% of males and 44% of females, and it was more frequently associated with flat GA, triangular and square/tapered teeth, central incisors, and males. Greater mean values of GT, BT, and KTW were observed in facial areas that exhibited GS. Interdental GS was present in 73% of the sites and it was more frequently observed in males, the central incisor region, and when facial GS was present. Multilevel logistic regression revealed a statistically significant association between the presence of GS and KTW, BT measured at 3mm apical to the bone crest, and tooth type. This information can be used in the recognition of common periodontal phenotypical patterns associated with specific features of great clinical significance