RESPOSTAS CARDIORRESPIRATÓRIAS DURANTE DOIS TESTES DE EXERCÍCIO SUBMÁXIMOS EM PARTICIPANTES DE UM PROGRAMA DE REABILITAÇÃO CARDÍACA: RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236583412522Introdução: A capacidade submáxima de exercício avalia a capacidade funcional do indivíduo, podendo ser mensurada pelo Teste de Caminhada de Seis Minutos (TC6m) e pelo Teste do Degrau de Quatro Minutos (TD4). Objetivo: Comparar as respostas cardiorrespiratórias e percepção de esforço entre o TC6m e o TD4 em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRM) participantes de um programa de reabilitação cardíaca. Metodologia: Estudo transversal composto por sete homens (58,71 ± 9,37 anos). Foram analisadas as respostas cardiorrespiratórias (saturação periférica de oxigênio – SpO2; frequência cardíaca – FC; pressão arterial sistólica – PAS; pressão arterial diastólica – PAD), sensação de dispneia (SD) e sensação de fadiga de membros inferiores (SFMMII) por meio da Escala de Borg modificada. Os testes seguiram as diretrizes da American Thoracic Society (ATS 2002),). Resultados: Constatou-se diferença significativa (p<0,05) nos deltas da PAS e PAD entre os testes. Conclusão: Nossos resultados sugerem que tanto o TC6m quanto o TD4 estimam a capacidade submáxima de exercício, porém o TD4 exige uma maior demanda metabólica, observada por maior incremento da pressão arterial.

Short-term inspiratory muscle training associated with combined aerobic and resistance training is benefic in patients undergoing CABG surgery in phase II cardiac rehabilitation program

Abstract Objective: To investigate the efficiency of short-term inspiratory muscle training program associated with combined aerobic and resistance exercise on respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity and quality of life in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass and are in the phase II cardiac rehabilitation program. Methods: A prospective, quasi-experimental study with 24 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass and were randomly assigned to two groups in the Phase II cardiac rehabilitation program: inspiratory muscle training program associated with combined training (aerobic and resistance) group (GCR + IMT, n=12) and combined training with respiratory exercises group (GCR, n=12), over a period of 12 weeks, with two sessions per week. Before and after intervention, the following measurements were obtained: maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (PImax and PEmax), peak oxygen consumption (peak VO2) and quality of life scores. Data were compared between pre- and post-intervention at baseline and the variation between the pre- and post-phase II cardiac rehabilitation program using the Student's t-test, except the categorical variables, which were compared using the Chi-square test. Values of P<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Compared to GCR, the GCR + IMT group showed larger increments in PImax (P<0.001), PEmax (P<0.001), peak VO2 (P<0.001) and quality of life scores (P<0.001). Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that the addition of inspiratory muscle training, even when applied for a short period, may potentiate the effects of combined aerobic and resistance training, becoming a simple and inexpensive strategy for patients who underwent coronary artery bypass and are in phase II cardiac rehabilitation