Detection of human papillomavirus in cervical cell specimens by hybrid capture and PCR with different primers

The purpose of this study was to compare hybrid capture assay with PCRs using different primers for the L1, E6-E7 regions for the detection of human papillomavirus (HPV) genome. One hundred twenty-five cervical smears with normal (n = 42) and abnormal (n = 83) cytology were investigated. Those at high-risk for HPV were studied by hybridization antibody capture assay and PCR with the pU-1M/pU-2R primers. Target DNA from the HPV L1 region was amplified by SPF10 primer set and home-PCR with MY09/MY11 primers. The presence of HPV DNA in cervical smears was detected by SPF10 (in 72% of cases), MY09/MY11 (58%), hybrid capture (55%) and pU-1M/pU-2R (39%). Results obtained with the SPF10 and MY09/MY11 consensus primer sets as well as hybrid capture and pU-1M/pU-2R specific for high-risk types differed significantly (χ2, P < 0.0005). The correlation between assays with the use of SPF10 and MY09/MY11 was 86% and between hybrid capture and the pU-1M/pU2R technique - 78%. In 49% of samples HPV DNA was detected by the four methods, whereas in 12% only by the SPF10 primers. The most sensitive technique was found to be PCR with the use of SPF10 primers, while the most specific - the MY09/11 PCR method. It seems that home-PCR with MY09/MY11 primers could be applied in screening tests

Analysis of the effectiveness of local family violence prevention system from the perspective of social assistance

The article presents research on the family violence prevention system family from the perspective of social assistance. The position of social welfare and the role of social worker in this system are discussed. A specific social position and the key role of social worker in the system of prevention of violence have been confirmed. Study also shows the diversity of the system preventing domestic violence, which differs depending on the size of the municipality. In smaller communities, it is based primarily on the social workers and in the larger communties it is largely supported by other professionals: psychologists and lawyers

Analiza skuteczności lokalnego systemu przeciwdziałania przemocy w rodzinie z perspektywy pomocy społecznej w świetle badań

W artykule przedstawiono działanie systemu przeciwdziałania przemocy w rodzinie z perspektywy pomocy społecznej, na podstawie ostatnich badań. Omówiono usytuowanie pomocy społecznej i rolę pracownika socjalnego w tym systemie. Potwierdzono szczególną rolę pomocy społecznej i kluczową rolę pracownika socjalnego w systemie przeciwdziałania przemocy w rodzinie. Z badań wynika również zróżnicowanie systemu przeciwdziałania przemocy w rodzinie w zależności od wielkości gminy. W mniejszych gminach oparty jest on przede wszystkim na pracowniku socjalnym, a w większych natomiast w znacznym stopniu wspierany jest również przez innych profesjonalistów: przede wszystkim psychologów i prawników

Conformations and conformational processes of hexahydrobenzazocines by NMR and DFT studies

Conformational processes that occur in hexahydrobenzazocines have been studied with the ¹H and ¹³C dynamic nuclear magnetic resonance (DNMR) spectroscopy. The coalescence effects are assigned to two different conformational processes: the ring-inversion of the ground-state conformations and the interconversion between two different conformers. The barriers for these processes are in the range of 42–52 and 42–43 kJ mol^–1, respectively. Molecular modeling on the density functional theory (DFT) level and the gauge invariant atomic orbitals (GIAO)-DFT calculations of isotropic shieldings and coupling constants for the set of low-energy conformations were compared with the experimental NMR data. The ground-state of all compounds in solution is the boat–chair (BC) conformation. The BC form adopts two different conformations because the nitrogen atom can be in the boat or chair parts of the BC structure. These two conformers are engaged in the interconversion process