Aesthetics of Sanskrit Poetry from the Perspective of Computational Linguistics: A Case Study Analysis on Siksastaka

Sanskrit poetry has played a significant role in shaping the literary and cultural landscape of the Indian subcontinent for centuries. However, not much attention has been devoted to uncovering the hidden beauty of Sanskrit poetry in computational linguistics. This article explores the intersection of Sanskrit poetry and computational linguistics by proposing a roadmap of an interpretable framework to analyze and classify the qualities and characteristics of fine Sanskrit poetry. We discuss the rich tradition of Sanskrit poetry and the significance of computational linguistics in automatically identifying the characteristics of fine poetry. The proposed framework involves a human-in-the-loop approach that combines deterministic aspects delegated to machines and deep semantics left to human experts. We provide a deep analysis of Siksastaka, a Sanskrit poem, from the perspective of 6 prominent kavyashastra schools, to illustrate the proposed framework. Additionally, we provide compound, dependency, anvaya (prose order linearised form), meter, rasa (mood), alankar (figure of speech), and riti (writing style) annotations for Siksastaka and a web application to illustrate the poem's analysis and annotations. Our key contributions include the proposed framework, the analysis of Siksastaka, the annotations and the web application for future research. Link for interactive analysis: https://sanskritshala.github.io/shikshastakam/Comment: 15 page

Microarray Data for Rice

NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus GEO (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/)Repository name: NCBI BioProject PRJNA681396Data identification number: GEO accession GSE162302www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE162302GSM4948814 Prasanna_Seedlings-Shoot_0_1 [NMA1] GSM4948815 Prasanna_Seedlings-Shoot_0_2 [NMA2]GSM4948816 Prasanna_Seedlings-Shoot_100_1 [NMA3]GSM4948817 Prasanna_Seedlings-Shoot_100_2 [NMA4]GSM4948818 Varadhan_Seedlings-Shoot_0_1 [NMA5]GSM4948819 Varadhan_Seedlings-Shoot_0_2 [NMA6]GSM4948820 Varadhan_Seedlings-Shoot_100_1 [NMA7]GSM4948821 Varadhan_Seedlings-Shoot_100_2 [NMA8]GEO accession GSE162412www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE162412GSM4951206Prasanna_Seedlings-Root_0 [NMA9]GSM4951207Prasanna_Seedlings-Root_100_1[NMA11]GSM4951208Prasanna_Seedlings-Root_100_2 [NMA12] GSM4951209Varadhan_Seedlings-Root_0 [NMA14]GSM4951210Varadhan_Seedlings-Root_100_1[NMA15]GSM4951211Varadhan_Seedlings-Root_100_2 [NMA16]THIS DATASET IS ARCHIVED AT DANS/EASY, BUT NOT ACCESSIBLE HERE. TO VIEW A LIST OF FILES AND ACCESS THE FILES IN THIS DATASET CLICK ON THE DOI-LINK ABOV

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Not AvailableEifficient and innovative breeding strategies are immensely required to meet the global food demand, nutritional security and sustainable agriculture. Genome editing tools have emerged as an effective technology for site-directed genome modification causing the change in gene expression and protein function for the improvement of various important traits in particular the CRISPR/Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR-associated protein). As the technology evolved with time, advances have been observed like prime editing, base editing, PAMless editing, Drosha based editing with multiple targets having the potential to fulfill the regulatory processes around the world. These recent interventions are highly proficient, cost-efficient, user-friendly, and holds promise for a major revolution in basic and applied plant biology research in the ever-evolving climatic conditions. In the review, we have discussed the most recent technologies and advances for CRISPR/Cas editing in plants.ICAR-IIRR Core budget and DST-SERB ECR/2017/003133

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Not AvailableCrop improvement is a continuous process in agriculture which ensures ample supply of food, fodder and fiber to burgeoning world population. Despite tremendous success in plant breeding and transgenesis to improve the yield-related traits, there have been several limitations primarily with the specificity in genetic modifications and incompatibility of host species. Because of this, new breeding techniques (NBTs) are gaining worldwide attention for crop improvement programs. Among the NBTs, genome editing (GE) using site-directed nucleases (SDNs) is an important and potential technique that overcomes limitations associated with classical breeding and transgenesis. These SDNs specifically target a compatible region in the gene/genome. The meganucleases (MgN), zinc finger nucleases (ZFN), transcription activator-like effectors nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated endonuclease (Cas) are being successfully employed for GE. These can be used for desired or targeted modifications of the native endogenous gene(s) or targeted insertion of cis/trans elements in the genomes of recipient organisms. Applications of these techniques appear to be endless ever since their discovery and several modifications in original technologies have further brought precision and accuracy in these methods. In this review, we present an overview of GE using SDNs with an emphasis on CRISPR/Cas system, their advantages, limitations and also practical considerations while designing experiments have been discussed. The review also emphasizes on the possible applications of CRISPR for improving economic traits in crop plants.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableUbiquitin, ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), ubiquitin ligases (E3) and 26S proteasome are the significant components of the ubiquitination process. The expression level of ubiquitin activating (UBA) gene was evaluated in 18 genotypes with differential grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) (including landraces, high yielding and released biofortified varieties) at panicle initiation stage. The relative expression of the UBA gene was analysed with three yield checks- BPT 5204, MTU 1010 and Swarna and the highest gene expression level were found in land race Kalanamak followed by Jalpriya and Taroari Basmati.Significant positive correlation of expression of the UBA gene with grain Fe content suggests the possible role of ubiquitin activating enzymes in addition to the reported ubiquitin-conjugating and ligases in Fe homeostasis. The understanding of ubiquitination regulated nutrient transport mechanism is yet to be explored hence, more indepth studies in future may provide better insight to understand the role of ubiquitination in nutrient homeostasis and develop better strategies for biofortification.ICAR CRP Biofortificatio

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Not AvailableNitrogen is one of the most critical nutrients in rice production and increased rice productivity is attributed mostly to the nitrogen fertilizer responsive rice varieties. With its relevance to environment, breeding for nitrogen use efficiency is now a research priority in rice. Based on the physiological, biochemical and genetic studies, several genes have been identified for nitrogen uptake, transport, remobilization and assimilation. Many of the genes and gene families associated with tissues like root, shoot, leaf and panicle have been characterized under differential nitrogen conditions. Functional validation of the identified genes in nitrogen use efficiency, yield and other agro-morphological traits demonstrated their potential for deployment in rice breeding programs. In the present review, the information on possible genes associated with nitrogen use efficiency has been presented. The epigenetic regulation of genes including the non-coding RNA and new breeding technologies like genome editing have also been discussed for identification and validation of genes for NUE. We propose a combinatorial approach of deploying the information available for genes reported to be associated with NUE of rice by haplotyping, allele mining, spatial and temporal expression analyses, gene networking and validation through genome editing towards development of high yielding rice varieties under optimum nitrogen.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableVaralu is an early maturing rice variety widely grown in the rainfed ecosystem preferred for its grain type and cooking quality. However, the yield of Varalu is substantially low since it is being affected by reproductive drought stress along with the blast disease. The genetic improvement of Varalu was done by introgressing a major yield QTL, qDTY12.1, along with two major blast resistance genes i.e. Pi54 and Pi1 through marker-assisted backcross breeding. Both traits were transferred till BC2 generation and intercrossing was followed to pyramid the two traits. Stringent foreground selection was carried out using linked markers as well as peak markers (RM28099, RM28130, RM511 and RM28163) for the targeted QTL (qDTY12.1), RM206 for Pi54 and RM224 for Pi1. Extensive background selection was done using genome-wide SSR markers. Six best lines (MSM-36, MSM-49, MSM-53, MSM-57, MSM-60 and MSM-63) having qDTY12.1 and two blast resistance genes in homozygous condition with recurrent parent genome of 95.0%௅96.5% having minimal linkage drag of about 0.1 to 0.7 Mb were identified. These lines showed yield advantage under drought stress as well as irrigated conditions. MSM-36 showed better performance in the national coordinated trials conducted across India, which indicated that improved lines of Varalu expected to replace Varalu and may have an important role in sustaining rice production. The present study demonstrated the successful marker-assisted pyramiding strategy for introgression of genes/QTLs conferring biotic stress resistance and yield under abiotic stress in rice.DB