Elizabeth Gaskell, 'North and South' : traducció i anàlisi

La idea principal d'aquest treball és traduir un capítol de l'obra North and South, d'Elizabeth Gaskell. Hem escollit un capítol (VII) que reflecteix l'estil narratiu de l'autora per tal d'analitzar-lo i contextualitzar l'obra dins d'un marc històric, cultural i social, que també ens serveix per entendre la vida de l'autora. Analitzem tant els problemes lingüístics del procés de traducció com les dificultats de documentació i de les diferències extralingüístiques (salt generacional, dialectologia, termes especialitzats, referents culturals, etc.). Finalment, completem el treball amb una proposta de traducció al català del capítol esmentat, sense oblidar-nos del comentari de traducció on s'hi troben exemples dels tipus de problemes que hem esmentat prèviamentLa finalidad de este trabajo es la traducción y el análisis de un capítulo (en concreto del capítulo VII) de la novela costumbrista de Elizabeth Gaskell North and SouthThe purpose of this project is the translation and the analysis of one chapter (chapter VII) from North and South, a costumbrist novel written by Elizabeth Gaskell, a Victorian write

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation