Evaluation of Spinosad and Different Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillaceae) Strains against the Larvae of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

In this study, Bacillus thrungiensis aizawai Bonnefoi amp; de Barjac, 1963 (Florbac), different isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) kurstaki Berliner, 1915 (Biobit, Delfin, Rapax, Rebound) and spinosad (Spintor) were assessed for their efficacy against different instars of Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) under laboratory and field conditions in 2019 in Duzce Province, Turkey. Spinosad was the most effective bioinsecticide, followed by Bt aizawai and Bt kurstaki isolates against various instars of H. cunea. In the laboratory, at 96 hour post-treatment, spinosad caused 98% mortality in 2nd and 3rd instars, and 83% mortality in 4th and 5th instars; Bt aizawai caused 98% mortality in 2nd and 3rd instars and 43% mortality in 4th and 5th instars; and Bt kurstaki isolates caused 95% mortality in 2nd and 3rd instars and 51% mortality in 4th and 5th instars. The results from the field study showed similar trends. The older instars were less susceptible to all the tested bioinsecticides than the younger instars, which may be attributable to the phenomenon known as “maturation immunity”. Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki has already been recommended for management of this pest. Whereas the data indicated that spinosad and Bt aizawai could also be used as bioinsecticides for control H. cunea larvae

The Evaluation of Teacher Training Programs in the United States of America in Terms of Student-Centered Practices Used in Class

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the teacher training programs in the United States of America in terms of student-centered practices used in class. Learning and teaching processes were evaluated based on classroom observations (the methods, techniques, materials and student-centered practices used in class). Qualitative research method was used in the research. The researcher collected the data through direct participatory and unstructured observation. In participatory observation approach, the observer makes observations without any external influence. The researcher made observations in three different classes during the spring semester of 2017-2018 academic year. The observations were made at the 4th grade level. The study group of the observations was composed of three teachers. The first of the classes in which the observations were made was social studies teaching, while the second was psychological counseling and guidance teaching, and the third was primary school teaching. The researcher kept the duration of the observations long. The reason for this was to try to ensure that teacher candidates and the teacher considered the researcher as if she were a member of the class. This precaution is necessary so as to be able to capture the natural atmosphere of the class and minimize artificial behaviors, which, in turn, positively affects the validity and reliability of the research. According to the findings obtained from the research, it was found that a total of 19 active learning methods, techniques and practices were used in the three classes. In class, question-answer was used most. It was observed that there were 17 different types of active methods, techniques and instructional practices. It was determined that a total of 19 different kinds of active learning materials were used in the three classes. Projector was the material which used the most in class. Based on the findings of the research, it was determined that there were also active learning practices that were not used in class. Depending on the fact that learning by doing is the most permanent traced learning, practices that can make the student active can be included more

Organic-inorganic nanocomposites of aspergillus terreus extract and its compounds with antimicrobial properties

Due to its distinct, atypical features and possible applications, three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical nanoflowers have sparked considerable interest. Copper (II) ions were employed as inorganic components in this study, whereas various extracts from Aspergillus terreus and their extracted main components were used as organic components. Extracts from A. terreus and its isolated principal component molecules can first form complexes with copper ions, and these complexes subsequently become nucleation sites for primary copper phosphate crystals, showing interactions using an easy and successful self-assembly template synthesis technique. Therefore, the process results in the formation of 3D nanoflowers among the A. terreus extract and its remoted important additives in addition to copper ions, ensuing in a completely unique round flower-like shape containing loads of nanopetals under the most excellent conditions along with pH, attention of organic-inorganic additives, temperature, and the quantity of copper nitrate on nanoflower formation. Furthermore, A. terreus and its isolated major components, Cu-3(PO4)(2) nanoflowers, seemed to have a remarkable antibacterial effect. Our findings highlight the benefits of nanoflowers made with A. terreus and its isolated secondary metabolites of inorganic structures, which could be used in industrial biocatalysts, biosensors, and environmental chemistry

Toplumsal Duyarlılık Projeleri Çocuk Haklarının Hayata Geçirilmesi ve Mesleki Gelişim için Bir Araç Olabilir Mi?

Bu araştırmada, Sınıf Öğretmenliği Lisans Programındaki Toplumsal Duyarlılık Projesi (TDP) dersleri kapsamında Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı bünyesinde bulunan çocukların katılım haklarının hayata geçirilmesini desteklemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilen bir projenin sağlayabileceği çoklu faydanın incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Durum araştırması olarak gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada proje kapsamında gerçekleştirilen uygulamaların Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler bünyesindeki çocuklar ve sınıf öğretmeni adayları açısından sağlayabileceği faydalar incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın katılımcılarını ölçüt örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenen 57 sınıf öğretmeni adayıyla Aile Sosyal Hizmetler bünyesinde görev yapan üç proje koordinasyon sorumlusu oluşturmuştur. Projede veriler; Öğretmen Adayı Görüşme Formu, Proje Koordinasyon Sorumlusu Görüşme Formu ve Öğretmen Adayı Öz Değerlendirme yazılarıyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler içerik analiziyle çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, “Öğrenciler için çocuk hakları bağlamında sağlanan katkılar”, “Öğretmen adaylarına mesleki gelişim bağlamında sağlanan katılar” ve “Proje ile ilgili görüş ve önerler” olmak üzere üç temaya ulaşılmıştır. Bu kapsamda, projenin etkili ve faydalı bulunduğu, süreç organizasyonuna bağlı olarak birtakım sorunlar yaşandığı, lisans eğitimi süresince uygulamaların devam etmesi, uygulamaların kapsamının genişletilmesi sonuçlarına ulaşılmıştır

Awareness of Symptoms and Signs in Spondyloarthritis Among Family Physicians in Edirne City Center

DergiPark: 584645tmsjAims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the knowledge of signs and symptoms of spondyloarthritis among family physiciansworking in Family Health Centers in Edirne. Methods: In this study, a questionnaire consisting of 17 questions were applied tothe family physicians working in the Family Health Centers of Edirne Province. The data were analyzed using non-parametricSpearman Correlation test and Mann-Whitney U test on IBM SPSS version 20.0. Results: The total number of subjects in thestudy was 45. All subjects’ median age was 47 years (1st quartile, 42 years; 3rd quartile, 51 years). Five of the participants werefamily medicine specialist. The median duration of medical practice was 20 years (1st quartile, 13 years; 3rd quartile, 25.5 years).Four of the participants were trained in rheumatology. The median number of patients examined by the participants was 60 perday (1st quartile, 47.5; 3rd quartile, 70). Forty-one of the participants stated that they referred patients with back pain to thehospital for further examination. The median number of referral percentage was 15 (1st quartile, 5; 3rd quartile, 25). Conclusion:Spondyloarthritis is a disease that is diagnosed too late and reduces patients’ quality of life. In this study, it was investigated whichfactors could be related to spondyloarthritis awareness of family physicians in a limited area. The most important output of this isstudy is the relation between referrals to rheumatology and awareness of spondyloarthritis. These parameters are related to eachother and the physician. Keywords: Back pain, arthritis, family physician

Serum copeptin level can be a helpful biomarker in evaluation of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy results

Background: Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) is a well-established diagnostic tool. The sensitivity and specificity of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) MPS to detect significant coronary lesion were 86% and 74%, respectively. The aim of this study was to examine the role of serum copeptin in evaluation of MPS. Methods: Sixty-two consecutive patients underwent both SPECT MPS using 99mTc-sestamibi and transthoracic echocardiography were enrolled prospectively. Age, gender, height, weight, presence of cardiovascular risk factors were recorded. Exercise treadmill test (ETT) with modified Bruce protocol was used to induce coronary ischemia during MPS. While performing MPS, blood samples for serum copeptin level were drawn three times at pre-exercise, at the peak of ETT, and 6 h after ETT, respectively. The patients were enrolled into three groups according to MPS results (normal, equivocal and ischemia). Results: The study included 62 patients (23 with normal, 20 with equivocal, 19 with ischemia on MPS). Pre-, peak-, and post-exercise B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin I values were similar across the groups (p > 0.05 for all comparisons). Serum copeptin values for pre- and peak-exercise were similar among all groups (p = 0.883 and p = 0.089). Post-exercise copeptin values of the normal and equivocal groups were similar (p = 0.661, z = –0.438) while that of the ischemia group was significantly higher than both the normal (p < 0.001) and equivocal group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Serum copeptin was found to be increasing significantly in case of ischemia on MPS. It may be used in differentiation of equivocal results from false positive results.

Diagnostic value of Chest CT and Initial Real-Time RT-PCR in COVID-19 Infection

Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of the rtRT-PCR test and CT in patients presenting with typical clinical symptoms of COVID-19. Methods: The study with the participation of four center in Turkey was performed retrospectively from 20 March-15 April 2020 in 203 patients confirmed for COVID-19. The initial rtRT-PCR test was positive in 142 (70.0%) of the patients (Group-I) and negative in 61 patients (Group-II). Results: The mean age of the patients in Group-I was 49.718.0 years and the time between the onset of symptoms and admission to the hospital was 3.6 +/- 2.0 days; whereas the same values for the patients in Group-II were 58.1 +/- 19.9 and 5.3 +/- 4.2, respectively (p=0.004; p=0.026). Initial rtRT-PCR was found positive with 83.5% sensitivity and 74.1% PPV in patients with symptom duration of less than five days. It was found that rtRT-PCR positivity correlated negatively with the presence of CT findings, age, comorbidity, shortness of breath, and symptom duration, while rtRT-PCR positivity correlated positively with headache. Presence of CT findings was positively correlated with age, comorbidity, shortness of breath, fever, and the symptom duration. Conclusions: It should be noted that a negative result in the rtRT-PCR test does not rule out the possibility of COVID-19 diagnosis in patients whose symptom duration is longer than five days, who are elderly with comorbidities and in particular who present with fever and shortness of breath. In these patients, typical CT findings are diagnostic for COVID-19. A normal chest CT is no reason to loosen up measures of isolation in patients with newly beginning symptoms until the results are obtained from the PCR test

Which is worse? Comparison of ART outcome between women with primary or recurrent endometriomas

Are live birth rates (LBR) different after ART cycles between women with primary or recurrent endometrioma? Women with recurrent endometrioma have similar LBR as compared to patients with primary endometrioma. Recurrence rate can be as high as 29% after endometrioma excision. Prior studies on management of endometrioma before ART involve primary endometriomas. There is limited information regarding the prognosis of women with recurrent endometriomas. A multicenter retrospective cohort study, including 76 women with primary and 82 women with recurrent endometriomas treated at the participating centers over a 6-year period. Women with endometrioma who underwent ART at three academic ART centers. Couples with another indication for ART were excluded. Female age, median number of prior failed ART cycles, proportion of patients with bilateral endometrioma (28 versus 28.9%), ovarian stimulation protocols, and total gonadotropin consumption were similar between the study groups. Numbers of metaphase two oocytes (5 versus 6), number of embryos transferred, and the proportion of patients undergoing blastocyst transfer were similar across the study groups. Clinical pregnancy rates (36.6 versus 34.2%, absolute difference 2.4%, 95% CI: -12.5 to 17.3%, P = 0.83) and LBR (35.4 versus 30.3%, absolute difference 5.1%, 95% CI: -9.5 to 19.7%, P = 0.51) per started cycle in recurrent and primary endometrioma were similar. Comparable success rates were also confirmed with logistic regression analysis (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.78-0.57, P = 2.3) The retrospective design has inherent limitations. Some women with severely decreased ovarian reserve after primary endometrioma excision may not have pursued further treatment. The management of endometrioma prior to ART is controversial but a different management strategy is not required for recurrent endometriomas. Since recurrent endometriomas do not have a worse impact on ART outcome than primary endometriomas, and repeat surgery has a higher risk for complications, conservative management without surgery can be justified

Evaluation of Anaesthetic Approaches in Transcatheter Aortic Valv Implantation Procedures

Objective:Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as an alternative to surgical aortic valve replacement and has become a popular treatment modality for inoperable or patients at high surgical risk with severe aortic stenosis. We aimed to evaluate our perioperative anaesthetic experiences with patients undergoing TAVI under sedation or general anaesthesia (GA).Methods:One hundred and fifty-nine patients who underwent TAVI procedures were enrolled. Effects on TAVI outcomes of sedation and GA were compared.Results:The duration of surgery and anaesthesia was significantly longer in patients who received GA. Insertion site complication and post-TAVI pacemaker implantation rates were similar between the groups, but the frequency of intraoperative complications (10% vs. 0.8%; P=0.015), intraoperative hypotension (35.3% vs. 70%; P < 0.001), and acute kidney injury (12.6% vs. 27.5%; P=0.028) was significantly higher in the GA group. Stroke occurred in seven patients, and all were in the sedation group.Conclusion:GA is related to increased procedure time and acute kidney injury; therefore, local anaesthesia and sedation may be the first option in patients undergoing TAVI