107 research outputs found

    A woman in the man’s culture of engineering education

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    The study is aimed at identifying barriers to the research career of women in the academic environment of a technical university. The authors present the results of their study of the women’s status in the academic community. The study is based on a quantitative (questionnaire survey) and qualitative (biographical interviews) analysis of the opinions of students and teachers of STEM disciplines of a technical university about the features and problems of women’s professional careers. It is established that women of the same university evaluate the presence and degree of influence of barriers to the research careers differently. In some cases, women assessing their professional status note that they do not feel professional discrimination on the basis of gender. In general, the analysis revealed that women who received a STEM education use a strategy of avoiding a research career and choosing alternative career options: either outside the academic environment, or by transitioning to teaching as a way to circumvent gender barriers in grant and publication activities. Β© 2019 Moscow Polytechnic University. All rights reserved.Russian Foundation for Basic Research,Β RFBRRussian Foundation for Basic Research,Β RFBR: 19-011-00252in the framework of the project Β«Comparative analysis of social effects and the impact of institutional conditions on the professional training of engineering specialistsΒ», implemented with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research – RFBR (grant β„– 19-011-00252)

    ΠžΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°: ΡΡƒΡ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ основныС характСристики Π² условиях Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ

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    Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° понятия «организационная ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Β» сквозь ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ выкристаллизации ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. ΠšΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° опрСдСляСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ историчСски ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ развития общСства ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ людСй, создаваСмых ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π΄ΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… цСнностях. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· классификаций ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ дСлятся Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅), ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· этих Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ особый ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ сбора ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ опрСдСляСт возмоТности принятия управлСнчСских Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ классификации Π² организациях. ВыявлСны особСнности ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ понятия «организационная ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Β». ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, которая состоит Π² совокупности цСнностСй, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ повСдСния сотрудников, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ принятия управлСнчСских Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ систСмС символов ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» одобряСмого повСдСния сотрудников Π² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ элСмСнты ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: систСма цСнностСй, ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ руководства, Π³Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ†Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»Ρ‹, ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС характСристики ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² условиях Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ поиск Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с пСрсоналом Π² соврСмСнных организациях.The article presents an analysis of the concept of Β«organizational cultureΒ» through the prism of a phenomenon of culture and different approaches to organizational culture are crystallizes. Culture is defined as historically certain level of society development and man, that expressed in the types and forms of human life organization, and material and spiritual values, which created by them. It is shown that one of the classifications of culture divided it into three types: monoactive (or linearly arranged), poliactive and reactive. Each of these types is characterized by a particular style of the information collection that defines the possibility of decisions making management when using this classification in organizations. The features of the interpretation of the concept of Β«organizational cultureΒ» are defined. The essence of the organizational culture is a set of values, which are the guidelines of behavior of employees, management decision-making guidelines, as well as a system of symbols and rituals that serve as a set of rules approved behavior of employees in an organization. Marked constituent elements of organizational culture: system of values, leadership style, the characters of organization, ceremonies and rituals, cultural organization’s network. The main characteristics of organizational culture are: universality, informality, stability. It is shown that the components of organizational culture changing in the conditions of globalization, which calls for new forms and methods of work with personnel in modern organizations.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ прСдставлСны Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° понятия «организационная ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Β» сквозь ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡƒ Ρ„Π΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ выкристаллизации ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹. ΠšΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π° опрСдСляСтся ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ историчСски ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π½ΡŒ развития общСства ΠΈ Ρ‡Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°, Π²Ρ‹Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π² Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ людСй, создаваСмых ΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Π΄ΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… цСнностях. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ· классификаций ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ дСлятся Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈ Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠ°: ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ (ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅), ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅. Для ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ· этих Ρ‚ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ² Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½ особый ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ сбора ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ опрСдСляСт возмоТности принятия управлСнчСских Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ использовании Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ классификации Π² организациях. ВыявлСны особСнности ΠΈΠ½Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΏΡ€Π΅Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ понятия «организационная ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π°Β». ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡƒΡ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹, которая состоит Π² совокупности цСнностСй, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ повСдСния сотрудников, ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ принятия управлСнчСских Ρ€Π΅ΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ систСмС символов ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ², ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ Π²Ρ‹ΡΡ‚ΡƒΠΏΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π½Π°Π±ΠΎΡ€ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ» одобряСмого повСдСния сотрудников Π² ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠ±ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ элСмСнты ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: систСма цСнностСй, ΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ»ΡŒ руководства, Π³Π΅Ρ€ΠΎΠΈ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ†Π΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»Ρ‹, ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ΠžΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ основныС характСристики ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹: Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, Π½Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ, ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ Π² условиях Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°Π΅Ρ‚ поиск Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ с пСрсоналом Π² соврСмСнных организациях

    Dynamics of Vortex Pair in Radial Flow

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    The problem of vortex pair motion in two-dimensional plane radial flow is solved. Under certain conditions for flow parameters, the vortex pair can reverse its motion within a bounded region. The vortex-pair translational velocity decreases or increases after passing through the source/sink region, depending on whether the flow is diverging or converging, respectively. The rotational motion of two corotating vortexes in a quiescent environment transforms into motion along a logarithmic spiral in the presence of radial flow. The problem may have applications in astrophysics and geophysics.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure

    KiDS0239-3211: A new gravitational quadruple lens candidate

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    We report the discovery of a candidate to quadrupole gravitationally lensed system KiDS0239-3211 based on the public data release 3 of the KiDS survey and machine learning techniques

    A Dipole Vortex Model of Obscuring Tori in Active Galaxy Nuclei

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    The torus concept as an essential structural component of active galactic nuclei (AGN) is generally accepted. Here, the situation is discussed when the torus "twisting" by the radiation or wind transforms it into a dipole toroidal vortex which in turn can be a source of matter replenishing the accretion disk. Thus emerging instability which can be responsible for quasar radiation flares accompanied by matter outbursts is also discussed. The "Matreshka" scheme for an obscuring vortex torus structure capable of explaining the AGN variability and evolution is proposed. The model parameters estimated numerically for the luminosity close to the Eddington limit agree well with the observations.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures, version of this paper is published in Astronomy Report

    Gravitational potential of a homogeneous circular torus: new approach

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    The integral expression for gravitational potential of a homogeneous circular torus composed of infinitely thin rings is obtained. Approximate expressions for torus potential in the outer and inner regions are found. In the outer region a torus potential is shown to be approximately equal to that of an infinitely thin ring of the same mass; it is valid up to the surface of the torus. It is shown in a first approximation, that the inner potential of the torus (inside a torus body) is a quadratic function of coordinates. The method of sewing together the inner and outer potentials is proposed. This method provided a continuous approximate solution for the potential and its derivatives, working throughout the region.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; some misprints in formulae were correcte
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