Twisted supersymmetry and the topology of theory space

We present examples of four dimensional, non-supersymmetric field theories in which ultraviolet supersymmetry breaking effects, such as bose-fermi splittings and the vacuum energy, are suppressed by $(\alpha/4 \pi)^{N}$, where $\alpha$ is a weak coupling factor and $N$ can be made arbitrarily large. The particle content and interactions of these models are conveniently represented by a graph with sites and links, describing the gauge theory space structure. While the theories are supersymmetric ``locally'' in theory space, supersymmetry can be explicitly broken by topological obstructions.Comment: 9 pages, revtex

Fear and anthropology: a view from 1995

In broad terms the agenda of this paper is set by its title: by linking anthropology with fear, a concept with assumed general applicability, we are inevitably posing questions about the nature of cross-cultural categories. We have to confront the danger of imposing a Western concept on data from other societies. Any anthropological consideration of the human emotions must be concerned with the question of universality; with the relationship between the biological inheritance of humans and the autonomy of culture

Annotated bibliography of 1,2-cycloheptanedionedioxime

This annotated bibliography concerning the preparation, reactions and uses of 1,2-cycloheptanedionedioxime has been prepared as a reference for analytical research and control chemists

Hidden Sector Gaugino Condensation and the Model-independent Axion

In the effective field theory framework, we consider the effect of supersymmetry breaking via gaugino condensation and supergravity in the hidden sector gauge group on the hidden sector vacuum angle $\theta_h$. The $\theta_h$ parameter dependence of the potential yields phenomenologically acceptable invisible axion solutions if the $U(1)_R$ symmetry is broken down to a discrete subgroup $Z_N$ with $N\ge 3$ (N=4 is marginal). Anomalous U(1) superstring models are good candidates for this invisible axion resolution of the strong CP puzzle.Comment: 7 pages, no figure

Note on the pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone Boson of Meta-stable SUSY Violation

Many models of meta-stable supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking lead to a very light scalar pseudo-Nambu Goldstone boson (PNGB), P, associated with spontaneous breakdown of a baryon number like symmetry in the hidden sector. Current particle physics data provide no useful constraints on the existence of P. For example, the predicted decay rates for both K --> pi + P, b--> s + P and Upsilon --> photon + P are many orders of magnitude below the present experimental bounds. We also consider astrophysical implications of the PNGB and find a significant constraint from its effect on the evolution of red giants. This constraint either rules out models with a hidden sector gauge group larger than SU(4), or requires a new intermediate scale, of order at most 10^{10} GeV, at which the hidden sector baryon number is explicitly broken.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures. Version 2: minor typographical errors fixed. Version 3: a more reliable estimate for the decay rate of K-->pi+PNGB is provided, and the predicted rate for b-->s+PNGB is now include

Nonperturbative Matching for Field Theories with Heavy Fermions

We examine a paradox, suggested by Banks and Dabholkar, concerning nonperturbative effects in an effective field theory which is obtained by integrating out a generation of heavy fermions, where the heavy fermion masses arise from Yukawa couplings. They argue that light fermions in the effective theory appear to decay via instanton processes, whereas their decay is forbidden in the full theory. We resolve this paradox by showing that such processes in fact do not occur in the effective theory, due to matching corrections which cause the relevant light field configurations to have infinite action.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, uses harvmac, Harvard University Preprint HUTP-93/A03

Ionosphere of Callisto from Galileo radio occultation observations

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/95670/1/jgra16576.pd

Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Evidence of Glial Effects of Cumulative Lead Exposure in the Adult Human Hippocampus

BACKGROUND: Exposure to lead is known to have adverse effects on cognition in several different populations. Little is known about the underlying structural and functional correlates of such exposure in humans. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the association between cumulative exposure to lead and levels of different brain metabolite ratios in vivo using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). METHODS: We performed MRS on 15 men selected from the lowest quintile of patella bone lead within the Department of Veterans Affairs’ Normative Aging Study (NAS) and 16 from the highest to assess in the hippocampal levels of the metabolites N-acetylaspartate, myoinositol, and choline, each expressed as a ratio with creatine. Bone lead concentrations—indicators of cumulative lead exposure—were previously measured using K-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. MRS was performed on the men from 2002 to 2004. RESULTS: A 20-μg/g bone and 15-μg/g bone higher patella and tibia bone lead concentration—the respective interquartile ranges within the whole NAS—were associated with a 0.04 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.00–0.08; p = 0.04] and 0.04 (95% CI, 0.00–0.08; p = 0.07) higher myoinositol-to-creatine ratio in the hippocampus. After accounting for patella bone lead declines over time, analyses adjusted for age showed that the effect of a 20-μg/g bone higher patella bone lead level doubled (0.09; 95% CI, 0.01–0.17; p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Cumulative lead exposure is associated with an increase in the myinositol-to-creatine ratio. These data suggest that, as assessed with MRS, glial effects may be more sensitive than neuronal effects as an indicator of cumulative exposure to lead in adults

Vacuum states of N=1* mass deformations of N=4 and N=2 conformal gauge theories and their brane interpretations

We find the classical supersymmetric vacuum states of a class of N = 1* field theories obtained by mass deforming superconformal models with simple gauge groups and N = 4 or N =2 supersymmetry. In particular, new classical vacuum states for mass-deformed N = 4 models with Sp(2N) and SO(N) gauge symmetry are found. We also derive the classical vacua for various mass-deformed N=2 models with Sp(2N) and SU(N) gauge groups and antisymmetric (and symmetric) hypermultiplets. We suggest interpretations of the mass-deformed vacua in terms of three-branes expanded into five-brane configurations.Comment: 29 page