Technological and infrastructure collaborative seismic research in Western Mexico

In February and March 2014, Spanish, Mexican and British scientists and technicians explored the western margin of Mexico, a region with a high occurrence of large earthquakes (> Mw = 7.5) and tsunami generation, on board the British Royal Research Ship James Cook. This successful joint cruise, named TSUJAL, was made possible thanks to a cooperative agreement between NERC and CSIC as part of the Ocean Facilities Exchange Group (OFEG), a major forum of European oceanographic institutions for the exchange of ship time, equipment and personnel. A dense geophysical data set was acquired using for the first time 6 km length seismic streamer facilities from Spain’s Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), usually operating in the Spanish RV Sarmiento de Gamboa, onboard the British RRS James Cook by solving all mechanical, electrical and electronic problems. The RRS James Cook in turn provides the seismic source and the acoustic, hullmounted echosounder operated by the British Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). Multiscale seismic and echosounder images unravel the subduction geometry, nature of the crust, and evidence faults and mass wasting processes. The data are crucial to estimating fault seismic parameters, and these parameters are critical to carrying out seismic hazard in Mexico, especially when considering largemagnitude earthquakes (Mw 8.0), and to constrain tsunami models.Peer Reviewe

Research on atmospheric volcanic emissions: An overview

The project Research on Atmospheric Volcanic Emissions is a unique effort by NASA and university scientists to investigate the detailed chemical nature of plumes from volcanic eruptions. The major goals of the project are to: 1) understand the impact major eruptions will have on atmospheric chemistry processes, 2) understand the importance of volcanic emissions in the atmospheric geochemical cycles of selected species, 3) use knowledge of the plume chemical composition to diagnose and predict magmatic processes. Project RAVE\u27S first mission used the NASA Lockheed Orion P-3 outfitted with equipment to measure concentrations of the gases SO2, OCS, H2S, CS2, NO, O3and trace elements in particles in Mt. St. Helens\u27 plume on September 22, 1980. Measurements of SO2 column densities in the plume permitted calculations of SO2 fluxes. This article is an overview of the first experimental design factors and performance of the initial RAVE experiment

Crustal Architecture at the Collision Zone Between Rivera and North American Plates at the Jalisco Block: Tsujal Project

Processing and analysis of new multichannel seismic records, coincident with wide-angle seismic profiles, acquired in the framework of the TsuJal project allow us to investigate in detail the complex structure of the oceanic domain in the collision zone between Rivera Plate and Block Jalisco at its northern termination. The subducting Rivera Plate, which is overridden by the North American Plate–Jalisco Block, is clearly identified up to 21.5°N (just south of Maria Magdalena Island) as a two clear reflections that we interpret as the interplate and Moho discontinuities. North of the Tres Marias Islands the seismic images display a different tectonic scenario with structures that are consistent with large faulting and rifted margin. A two-dimensional velocity approach for the crustal geometry is achieved using joint refraction/reflection travel time tomography, the uncertainty of the results is assessed by means of Monte Carlo analysis. Our results show an average oceanic crustal thickness of 6–7 km with a moderate increase towards the Jalisco Block, an anomalous thick layers (~3.0 km) displaying a relatively low velocity (~5.5 km/s) underneath Maria Magdalena Rise, and an estimated Moho depth deeper than 15 km in the collision zone between Rivera Plate and Jalisco Block. We have also determined an anomalous crust on the western flank of the Tres Marias Islands, which may be related to the initial phases of continental breakup of the Baja California Peninsula and Mexico mainland. High-resolution bathymetry provides remarkable images of intensive slope instabilities marked by relatively large slides scars of more than 40 km2 extent, and mass-wasting deposits probably triggered by the intense seismicity in the area.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) –FOMIXJalGobierno de EspañaGobierno del Estado de JaliscoUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoAgencia Estatal de Investigación (España)Programa Ramón y CajalDepto. de Física de la Tierra y AstrofísicaFac. de Ciencias FísicasTRUEpu

IC‐P2‐074: Differentiating amnestic MCI converting to probable AD from stable amnestic MCI using FDG‐PET and an AD‐related hypometabolism overlap index

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152594/1/alzjjalz200805067.pd

P2‐037: Categorical and correlational analyses of baseline fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images from the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152628/1/alzjjalz2008051118.pd

Subsoil classification and geotechnical zonation for Guadalajara City, México: Vs30, soil fundamental periods, 3D structure and profiles

Guadalajara, Jalisco, is the second largest city in Mexico with around 4.5 million inhabitants. A high seismic hazard exists in the city due to forces produced by the interaction between the Rivera, Cocos and North American plates and the smaller Jalisco Block. Guadalajara is one of the largest cities built over pumice soil deposits. Furthermore, the near‐surface phreatic level causes a high susceptibility to liquefaction. All these features can cause extreme earthquake site effects. Due to the fragile inner structure of pumice sands, traditional geotechnical tests are inappropriate to characterize the seismic response. Therefore, we propose the use of surface wave analysis methods (multichannel analysis of surface waves and refraction microtremor), which we applied in 33 sites to define the soil classification in terms of VS30 (the average shear wave velocity between the surface and 30 m depth), the bedrock depth and the fundamental period. From the soil classification, we construct a microzonation map consisting of four geotechnical zones, which we superimpose on the known construction systems within the city. The comparison between the construction period of the buildings and the fundamental frequencies of the soil indicates a high vulnerability to resonance in 1‐ to 4‐storied old buildings constructed of adobe and unreinforced masonry within zones II and III, followed by a medium vulnerability to seismic resonance in compact buildings of 1–4 stories within zone I and 1–12 stories within zones II and IV.TU Berlin, Open-Access-Mittel – 202

P2‐037: Categorical and correlational analyses of baseline fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images from the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152628/1/alzjjalz2008051118.pd

P2‐037: Categorical and correlational analyses of baseline fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images from the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/152628/1/alzjjalz2008051118.pd

Radical chemistry and ozone production at a UK coastal receptor site

OH, HO2, total and partially speciated RO2, and OH reactivity (kOH′) were measured during the July 2015 ICOZA (Integrated Chemistry of OZone in the Atmosphere) project that took place at a coastal site in north Norfolk, UK. Maximum measured daily OH, HO2 and total RO2 radical concentrations were in the range 2.6–17 × 106, 0.75–4.2 × 108 and 2.3–8.0 × 108 molec. cm−3, respectively. kOH′ ranged from 1.7 to 17.6 s−1, with a median value of 4.7 s−1. ICOZA data were split by wind direction to assess differences in the radical chemistry between air that had passed over the North Sea (NW–SE sectors) and that over major urban conurbations such as London (SW sector). A box model using the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCMv3.3.1) was in reasonable agreement with the OH measurements, but it overpredicted HO2 observations in NW–SE air in the afternoon by a factor of ∼ 2–3, although slightly better agreement was found for HO2 in SW air (factor of ∼ 1.4–2.0 underprediction). The box model severely underpredicted total RO2 observations in both NW–SE and SW air by factors of ∼ 8–9 on average. Measured radical and kOH′ levels and measurement–model ratios displayed strong dependences on NO mixing ratios, with the results suggesting that peroxy radical chemistry is not well understood under high-NOx conditions. The simultaneous measurement of OH, HO2, total RO2 and kOH′ was used to derive experimental (i.e. observationally determined) budgets for all radical species as well as total ROx (i.e. OH + HO2 + RO2). In NW–SE air, the ROx budget could be closed during the daytime within experimental uncertainty, but the rate of OH destruction exceeded the rate of OH production, and the rate of HO2 production greatly exceeded the rate of HO2 destruction, while the opposite was true for RO2. In SW air, the ROx budget analysis indicated missing daytime ROx sources, but the OH budget was balanced, and the same imbalances were found with the HO2 and RO2 budgets as in NW–SE air. For HO2 and RO2, the budget imbalances were most severe at high-NO mixing ratios, and the best agreement between HO2 and RO2 rates of production and destruction rates was found when the RO2 + NO rate coefficient was reduced by a factor of 5. A photostationary-steady-state (PSS) calculation underpredicted daytime OH in NW–SE air by ∼ 35 %, whereas agreement (∼ 15 %) was found within instrumental uncertainty (∼ 26 % at 2σ) in SW air. The rate of in situ ozone production (P(Ox)) was calculated from observations of ROx, NO and NO2 and compared to that calculated from MCM-modelled radical concentrations. The MCM-calculated P(Ox) significantly underpredicted the measurement-calculated P(Ox) in the morning, and the degree of underprediction was found to scale with NO.</p