10 research outputs found

    Association between leptin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms and carcass traits in pigs Associação entre polimorfismos de base única no gene da leptina e características de carcaça em suínos

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    It was investigated the association between leptin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) T2411C and T3266G with carcass traits in F2 pigs obtained by crossing native Brazilian Piau with commercial sows composed of Landrace, Large White and Pietrain breeds. Association analyses were performed using a statistical model that included genotype, sex, and batch as fixed effects, sire and error as random effects. The T2411C SNP was associated with skinless and fatless boston shoulder weight (BSW), backfat thickness at last rib, 6.5 cm from the midline (P2), skinless and fatless picnic shoulder weight, and sirloin weight (SLW). The T3266G mutation was associated with slaughter age, bacon weight, BSW, midline backfat thickness between last and last but one lumbar vertebra, midline backfat thickness at last rib, P2 and rib weight. Phenotypic associations were also performed by combining genotypes for both SNPs. Associations with P2, carcass yield, total boston shoulder weight, and SLW were observed. The results obtained demonstrate that the SNPs analyzed have potential to be explored as markers for carcass composition in pigs.<br>Foi investigada a associação entre os polimorfismos de base única (SNPs) T2411C e T3266G da leptina e as características de carcaça em suínos F2 procedentes do cruzamento de machos da raça Piau com matrizes comercias de composição genética Landrace, Large White e Pietrain. As análises de associação foram feitas usando um modelo estatístico que incluía genótipo, sexo e lote como efeitos fixos, e pai e erro como efeitos aleatórios. O SNP T2411C esteve associado ao peso da copa sem pele e sem gordura (BSW), à espessura de gordura subcutânea na altura da última costela a 6,5 cm da linha média (P2), ao peso da paleta sem pele e sem gordura e ao peso do filezinho (SLW). O SNP T3266G foi associado a idade de abate, peso do bacon, BSW, espessura da gordura subcutânea entre a última e a penúltima vértebra lombar, na linha média, espessura da gordura subcutânea na altura da última costela na linha média, P2 e peso da costela. Os genótipos combinados para ambos os SNP estiveram associados a P2, peso total da copa, rendimento de carcaça e peso do filezinho. Os SNPs analisados têm potencial para ser explorados como marcadores para composição de carcaça em suínos

    Mapeamento de QTL nos cromossomos 1, 2, 3, 12, 14, 15 e X em suínos: características de carcaça e qualidade de carne

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    A realização do presente estudo teve como objetivo mapear Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) de carcaça e qualidade de carne em uma população F2 de suínos desenvolvida pelo cruzamento de dois reprodutores da raça brasileira Piau com 18 fêmeas comerciais (Landrace x Large White x Pietrain). O mapa de ligação para essa população foi construído após a genotipagem de 684 animais para 35 marcadores microssatélites. Os dados foram analisados pelo mapeamento por intervalo usando-se sexo, lote e genótipo halotano como efeitos fixos e peso de carcaça ao abate, peso da carcaça direita e idade ao abate como covariáveis. Um total de 18 QTLs foi encontrado; os QTLs para maior espessura de toucinho na região da copa, na linha dorsolombar, e a perda por cozimento foram significativos em nível de 5% genômico. A característica espessura de toucinho foi essencialmente associada aos alelos da raça Piau, conhecido como porco tipo banha. As informações dos QTLs significativos encontrados servem para futuros estudos de mapeamento fino para identificação de genes a serem usados em conjunto com os métodos tradicionais de seleção, para melhorar a eficiência dos programas de melhoramento, assim como prover informação acerca da fisiologia envolvida no desenvolvimento das características quantitativas dos suínos

    Managing genetic diversity and society needs

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    Most livestock are not indigenous to Brazil. Several animal species were considered domesticated in the pre-colonial period, since the indigenous people manage them as would be typical of European livestock production. For over 500 years there have been periodic introductions resulting in the wide range of genetic diversity that for centuries supported domestic animal production in the country. Even though these naturalized breeds have acquired adaptive traits after centuries of natural selection, they have been gradually replaced by exotic breeds, to such an extent, that today they are in danger of extinction To avoid further loss of this important genetic material, in 1983 Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology decided to include conservation of animal genetic resources among its priorities. In this paper we describe the effort to genetically characterize these populations, as a tool to ensure their genetic variability. To effectively save the threatened local breeds of livestock it is important to find a niche market for each one, reinserting them in production systems. They have to be utilized in order to be conserved. And there is no doubt that due to their adaptive traits, the Brazilian local breeds of livestock can play an important role in animal production, to meet society needs

    Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei and Microquasars

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    Collimated outflows (jets) appear to be a ubiquitous phenomenon associated with the accretion of material onto a compact object. Despite this ubiquity, many fundamental physics aspects of jets are still poorly understood and constrained. These include the mechanism of launching and accelerating jets, the connection between these processes and the nature of the accretion flow, and the role of magnetic fields; the physics responsible for the collimation of jets over tens of thousands to even millions of gravitational radii of the central accreting object; the matter content of jets; the location of the region(s) accelerating particles to TeV (possibly even PeV and EeV) energies (as evidenced by (Formula presented.)-ray emission observed from many jet sources) and the physical processes responsible for this particle acceleration; the radiative processes giving rise to the observed multi-wavelength emission; and the topology of magnetic fields and their role in the jet collimation and particle acceleration processes. This chapter reviews the main knowns and unknowns in our current understanding of relativistic jets, in the context of the main model ingredients for Galactic and extragalactic jet sources. It discusses aspects specific to active Galactic nuclei (especially blazars) and microquasars, and then presents a comparative discussion of similarities and differences between them.Fil: Romero, Gustavo Esteban. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia; ArgentinaFil: Boettcher, Markus. North-West University; SudáfricaFil: Markoff, Sera. University of Amsterdam; Países BajosFil: Tavecchio, Fabrizio. Osservatorio Astronomico Di Brera; Itali

    Nonlinear Interactions of Light and Matter Without Absorption

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    Relativistic Jets in Active Galactic Nuclei and Microquasars

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