Wymiana informacji w czasie rzeczywistym w ramach cyklu życia wyrobu - architektura i funkcje systemu

Współczesna firma produkcyjna musi przezwyciężać bariery komunikacyjne, geograficzne a często kulturowe, aby poprawić koordynację zadań realizowanych przez różne grupy robocze w ramach cyklu życia wyrobu. W referacie przedstawiono podejście, które zostało zastosowane w m iędzynarodowej korporacji, mające na celu usprawnienie wymiany informacji pomiędzy rozproszonymi zespołami projektowymi. Ważne aspekty współdzielenia danych, w szczególności technologie wizualizacji do kumentacji technicznej, zostały omówione dokładniej. Przedstawiono architekturę środowiska oraz funkcje systemu.Today’s global manufacturing company must overcome communication, geographical and often cultural barriers in order to increase coordination of product life-cycle activities, carried out by dispersed working groups. This paper describes an approach that was undertaken in cross-bordered company to improve the electronic data exchange between product development teams. Important aspects of data sharing, especially visualization technologies are discussed in details. Collaborative environment architecture and system functionality are presented.Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej nauk

Age-related trends in anti-Mullerian hormone serum level in women with unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas prior to surgery

Background: Endometriosis is a well-known cause of infertility, and the anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is an accepted biomarker of ovarian reserve and response to artificial reproductive technology procedures. The present study was a prospective analysis of age-dependent AMH serum concentration in women with bilateral and unilateral ovarian endometriomas before therapy onset compared with healthy controls. Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study included 384 women aged 18–48 years. AMH serum concentration was assessed between days 3 and 6 of the menstrual cycle in 78 patients with bilateral and 157 patients with unilateral ovarian endometriomas and compared with 149 healthy controls. Ovarian endometriosis was confirmed histopathologically, and data were presented as medians with interquartile range (IQR). Results: Stage III endometriosis was diagnosed in 53.2 %, stage IV in 18.3 %, stage V in 23.4 % and stage VI in 5.4 % of the patients. Patients with bilateral ovarian endometriomas showed the lowest median AMH levels compared with patients suffering from unilateral ovarian endometriosis (0.55; IQR: 0.59 vs. 2.00; IQR: 2.80; p < 0.001) and the control group (0.55; IQR: 0.59 vs. 2.84; IQR: 3.2; p < 0.001). Median AMH concentration values were not significantly different between patients with unilateral ovarian endometriosis and the healthy controls (2.00; IQR: 2.80 vs. 2.84; IQR: 3.2; p = 0.182). A strongly negative correlation between AMH levels and age was confirmed in healthy individuals (R = −0.834; p < 0.001) and women with unilateral ovarian endometriomas (R = −0.774; p < 0.001). Patients with bilateral ovarian endometriosis showed a significantly negative but only moderate correlation between AMH levels and age (R = −0.633; p < 0.001), which was significantly lower than in the healthy controls (R = −0.633 vs. R = −0.834; p = 0.006) but not in the patients with unilateral ovarian endometriosis (R = −0.663 vs. R-0.774; p = 0.093). Based on a multivariate regression analysis, only bilateral localization of ovarian endometrial cysts (p = 0.003) and patient age (p < 0.001), but not left/right localization of unilateral cyst or cyst volume, were negatively associated with AMH serum concentration. Conclusion: According to our data, unilateral ovarian endometriosis had a moderately negative and nonsignificant effect on AMH-based ovarian reserve evaluated prior to surgery, irrespective of age. In contrast, the ovarian reserve was significantly reduced in women with bilateral ovarian endometriomas

Role of morphologic characteristics of the uterine septum in the prediction and prevention of abnormal healing outcomes after hysteroscopic metroplasty

STUDY QUESTION: Can morphologic measurements (width, length and surface area) of the uterine septum predict healing-dependent abnormal anatomic results [ARs; residual septum (RS) and intrauterine adhesions in other locations (IUA-OLs)] after complete hysteroscopic metroplasty (HM)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Significant predictors of ARs are the septal width and, to a lesser extent, septal surface area. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Anatomic results after hysteroscopic metroplasty have very large variation. A RS >1 cm and IUA-OLs can aggravate reproductive outcomes, resulting in the need for reoperation. New criteria for diagnosing a uterine septum according to the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) and European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy (ESGE) have been suggested (ESHRE-ESGE criteria). Autocross-linked hyaluronic acid gel (autocross-linked polysaccharide) has an antiadhesive effect. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: A prospective, observational cohort study was performed with 96 women consecutively enrolled between 2007 and 2012. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Women who had uterine septum and previous miscarriage or infertility presented for evaluation at a university hospital, private hospital or private medical center were included. Preoperative septal width, length and surface area were determined with three-dimensional sonohysterography. Women were treated by hysteroscopy in a standardized manner with three- or four-dimensional transrectal ultrasound guidance (complete resection). Patients received either no adhesion barrier (49 patients) or adhesion barrier with autocross-linked polysaccharide (47 patients). Anatomic results were assessed with three-dimensional sonohysterography and second-look hysteroscopy. Healing-dependent ARs were reported using both American Society of Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) criterion of RS length >1 cm (ASRM>1 cm criterion) and ESHRE-ESGE criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify predictors of RS, IUA-OLs and ARs. MAIN RESULTS AND ROLE OF CHANCE: In patients who had no adhesion barrier, ARs were diagnosed in 11 of 49 patients (23%) using the ASRM > 1 cm criterion and in 20 of 49 patients (41%) using the ESHRE-ESGE criteria for RS [odds ratio (OR)(ESHRE-ESGE:ASRM), 2.4, P = 0.05]. In the patients who had autocross-linked polysaccharide, ARs(ASRM) (>) (1 cm) were diagnosed in 2 of 47 patients (4%) and ARs(ESHRE-ESGE) in 4 of 47 patients (9%). RS(ESHRE-ESGE) was diagnosed significantly more often than RS(ASRM) (>) (1 cm) 19 of 96 (20%) versus 5 of 96 (5%) in all patients (OR(ESHRE-ESGE:ASRM) (>) (1 cm) = 4.5, P < 0.01). In patients who had no adhesion barrier, logistic regression with ASRM > 1 cm and ESHRE-ESGE criteria showed that the width and surface area were predictors of ARs. Models adjusted by patient group confirmed the significance of width as a predictor of ARs(ASRM) (>) (1 cm) [OR for width, 3.5 (P < 0.01); OR for group, 0.22 (P < 0.01)], width as a predictor of ARs(ESHRE-ESGE) [OR for width, 2.2 (P < 0.01); OR for group, 0.26 (P < 0.01)] and surface area as a predictor of ARs(ASRM) (>) (1 cm) [OR for surface area, 1.5 (P < 0.01)]; OR for group, 0.32 (P < 0.01). In patients who had autocross-linked polysaccharide, these predictors were not significant. Receiver-operating characteristic curves showed cutoff values for ARs(ASRM) (>) (1 cm) (septal width, 3.42 cm; septal surface area, 4.68cm(2)) and ARs(ESHRE-ESGE) (septal width, 3.42 cm; septal surface area, 3.51cm(2)). LIMITATIONS AND REASONS FOR CAUTION: Patients were enrolled in the adhesion barrier group in a time-dependent, consecutive and non-randomized manner. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: A wide septum and large surface area may be indications for adhesion barrier. The use of autocross-linked polysaccharide reduces the risk of ARs. The ESHRE-ESGE criteria may cause greater frequency of recognition of RS than the ASRM > 1 cm criterion, which could result in more frequent reoperations with use of the ESHRE-ESGE criteria, possibly without any significant effect on reproductive performance. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S): This work was supported by Jagiellonian University (grant no. K/ZDS/003821). The authors have no competing interest to declare

Incidence and mortality rates in breast, corpus uteri, and ovarian cancers in Poland (1980-2013) : an analysis of population-based data in relation to socioeconomic changes

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to analyze incidence and mortality trends in breast cancer (BC), corpus uteri cancer (CUC), and ovarian cancer (OC) in Poland in the context of sociodemographic changes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Incidence and mortality data (1980–2013) were retrieved from the Polish National Cancer Registry, while socioeconomic data (1960–2013) were obtained from the World Bank. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated by direct standardization, and join-point regression was performed to describe trends using the average annual percentage change (AAPC). RESULTS: A significant decrease in birth and fertility rates and a large increase in gross domestic product were observed together with a decrease in the total mortality rate among women, as well as an increase in life expectancy for women. A large, significant increase in BC incidence was observed (AAPC(1980–1990) 2.14, AAPC(1990–1996) 4.71, AAPC(1996–2013) 2.21), with a small but significant decrease in mortality after a slight increase (AAPC(1980–1994) 0.52, AAPC(1994–2013) −0.66). During the period 1980–2013, a significant increase in CUC incidence (AAPC(1980–1994) 3.7, AAPC(1994–2013) 1.93) was observed, with an initial mortality-rate reduction followed by a significant increase (AAPC(1980–2006) −1.12, AAPC(2006–2013) 3.74). After the initial increase of both OC incidence and mortality from 1994, the incidence rate decreased significantly (AAPC(1980–1994) 2.98, AAPC(1994–2013) −0.49), as did the mortality rate (AAPC(1980–1994) 0.52, AAPC(1994–2013) −0.66). CONCLUSION: After 1994, a decrease in OC incidence was found, while the incidence of BC and CUC continued to increase. A reduction in mortality rate was observed for BC and OC predominantly at the end of the study period, while for CUC, after a long decreasing mortality trend, a significant increase was observed

Analysis of treatment efficacy and safety with leflunomide according to patients’ age and rheumatoid arthritis duration

Celem artykułu jest ocena skuteczności i bezpieczeństwa terapii leflunomidem w zależności od wieku chorych oraz czasu trwania reumatoidalnego zapalenia stawów (RZS). Bezpieczeństwo terapii leflunomidem przeanalizowano w grupie 261 pacjentów, porównując liczbę działań niepożądanych będących przyczyną przerwania terapii oraz liczbę działań niepożądanych leku niebędących przyczyną odstawienia leku, w zależności od wieku chorych, a także czasu trwania reumatoidalnego zapalenia stawów. W trakcie 6-miesięcznej obserwacji leczenie przerwało 27 pacjentów. Skuteczność terapii leflunomidem analizowano w grupie pozostałych 234 pacjentów na podstawie różnicy wartości wskaźnika DAS 28, ocenianego przed rozpoczęciem leczenia i po sześciu miesiącach terapii w zależności od wieku pacjentów. Wyniki potwierdziły skuteczność terapii leflunomidem we wszystkich grupach wiekowych chorych. Nie stwierdzono statystycznie istotnych różnic w skuteczności terapii w zależności od wieku pacjentów. Działania niepożądane leflunomidu wystąpiły u 47 chorych (18,8%), a u 23 (8,8%) były przyczyną przerwania terapii. Nie stwierdzono różnic statystycznie istotnych w występowaniu działań niepożądanych w zależności od wieku pacjentów oraz czasu trwania choroby podstawowej.Aim of the study: Evaluation of safety and therapeutic effectiveness of leflunomide according to age of the patients and duration of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: Leflunomide therapy safety was analyzed in a group of 261 patients based on number of adverse effects responsible for treatment interruption and according to adverse effects number that allowed for continuing therapy. During six-month observation 27 patients interrupted therapy and in the group of remaining 234 persons leflunomide therapy efficacy was evaluated according to DAS-28 score. Results: Efficacy of leflunomide therapy was confirmed in every group according to patients age and no significant differences were observed between groups of patients with different age. Adverse leflunomide effects occurred in 47 (18.8%) patients and were the cause of therapy interruption in 23 (8.8%) cases. No significant differences in adverse leflunomide effects were observed to depend on patients age or rheumatoid arthritis period. Conclusions: (1) Patients’ age and period of rheumatoid arthritis do not influence leflunomide therapy safety. (2) Efficacy of leflunomide was confirmed in each group of patients. (3) Patients’ age does not influence leflunomide therapy outcome

Immunoexpression of DNA fragmentation factor 40, DNA fragmentation factor 45, and B-cell lymphoma 2 protein in normal human endometrium and uterine myometrium depends on menstrual cycle phase and menopausal status

Introduction: DNA fragmentation factors 40 and 45 (DFF40 and DFF45) are final executors of apoptosis, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) is a well-recognized apoptosis inhibitor. We aimed to evaluate DFF40, DFF45 and Bcl-2 immunoexpression in the normal human endometrium with respect to the glandular and stromal layer and in uterine myometrium. Material and methods: DFF40, DFF45, and Bcl-2 expression was assessed via immunohistochemistry in the endometrium and myometrium collected postmenopausally and premenopausally during the proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle. Results: Compared to the myometrium and stroma, endometrial glands showed the highest DFF40 and DFF45 expression in pre- and postmenopausal specimens. DFF45, but not DFF40, glandular expression dependent on menstrual cycle phase and DFF40 and DFF45 scoring was significantly lower in postmenopausal specimens. Significantly higher Bcl-2 expression was observed in proliferative glandular endometrium compared to secretory and postmenopausal specimens. No cycle- or menopause-dependent changes were reported for stromal or myometrial DFF40, DFF45 or Bcl-2 expression. DFF40, DFF45 and Bcl-2 expression was independent of age, age at menarche and menopause, BMI, menstrual cycle and menses lengths, parity and gravidity. Conclusions: The study provides important evidence regarding menstrual cycle-dependent changes in the expression of DFF40, DFF45 and Bcl-2 in the normal human endometrium, especially in the glandular layer, and shows that their levels are stable in the normal uterine myometrium

Screening test fo r low bone density using DXA method : causes’ analysis o f patients’ participation

Badania przesiewowe mają na celu wyodrębnienie z populacji poddanej badaniu grupy osób wymagających dalszej dokładnej diagnostyki w kierunku określonego schorzenia. Powinny się one cechować powtarzalnością, prostotą wykonania oraz niskimi kosztami. Do takich badań należy pomiar gęstości kości metodą DXA - uważany za złoty standard w diagnostyce osteoporozy. Cel: Celem pracy była charakterystyka kobiet zgłaszających się na nieodpłatne, przesiewowe badania densytometryczne w kierunku obniżonej masy kostnej, przeprowadzane w formie zaplanowanych akcji. Metoda: Analizie statystycznej poddano grupę 301 kobiet, które zgłosiły się na bezpłatne przesiewowe badania densytometryczne zorganizowane w formie 5 akcji w 2003 r. Przeanalizowano przyczyny udziału w badaniach w całej populacji oraz porównano średnie wartości wskaźnika BMD T-score w zależności od przyczyny udziału w badaniu. Następnie dokonano stratyfikacji badanej populacji, wyróżniając zbiór A - osób badanych po raz pierwszy oraz zbiór B - osób badanych po raz kolejny i przeanalizowano średnie wartości wskaźnika BMD T-score. Obliczenia wykonano za pomocą programu Statistica v. 6.0. Wnioski: Najczęstszą przyczyną poddania się badaniu przesiewowemu w całej populacji były rekomendacje lekarskie. Po raz pierwszy na badanie zgłosiło się 66% kobiet, dla 34% było to kolejne badanie. Wykazano istotne różnice statystyczne średnich wartości wskaźnika BMD T-score w zależności od przyczyny zgłoszenia do badania przesiewowego zarówno w całej populacji, jak i analizując porównawczo zbiór A i B.Screening tests are due to identify a disease or a defect by methods that can be easily applied on a large scale. It is not an usual diagnostic process and requires further investigation. Aim: The aim of the study was to present the cause of women’s participation in screening test for osteoporosis. Methods: The group of 301 women was investigated. The causes of participation in screening test were analyzed and mean values of BMD T-score were compared according to the reason of taking part in the screening test. The whole population was than stratified into two groups: group A - patients examined for the first time and group B - patients examined for the second or more times. Mean values of BMD T-score were compared in both groups. Conclusions: The most common reason for participating in the screening test was medical recommendation. For 64% of the patients this was the first screening test and 36% of patients have already underwent at least one screening test for osteoporosis. Mean values of BMD T-score ware statistically different dependent on the cause of participation in the screening test. Also group A and group B were characterized by different mean values of BMD T-score