Multiparity and Breast Cancer Risk Factor among Women in Burkina Faso

The relative lack of information on breast cancer etiology in Burkina Faso led us to undertake the present work to highlight risk factors. This prospective study was conducted using a questionnaire between January 2015 and February 2016 on women admitted to Yalgado OUEDRAOGO hospital, for consultation or supervision. The characteristics of multiparous breast cancer patients (n = 44) were compared with their non-multiparous counterparts (n = 36). The study found that increased risk of breast cancer among non-multiparous cases was related to body mass index (BMI) (p <0.001), age at menopause (p <0.004) and use of oral contraception (p <0.021) while abortion (p <0.002) was a risk factor among multiparous cases. These results suggest that even if multiparity is associated with a decreased risk in some women, avoidance of abortion during reproductive life should be recommended. The results provide preliminary information, which now need to be supplemented by survey of a larger sample in the national territory.Peer reviewe

Les cancers de la cavité buccale : affection à prédominance féminine à Ouagadougou

Objectif : Nous avons mené une étude rétrospective dans le but de présenter les caractéristiques des cancers de la cavité buccale à travers une comparaison entre les deux sexes au CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo (Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso). Patients et méthodes : Il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective à partir de l’examen des dossiers de 79 patients reçus en consultation entre janvier 2003 et décembre 2014. Tous les patients avec un diagnostic histologique d’une tumeur maligne intra-orale ont été inclus. Les caractéristiques démographiques des patients (âge, sexe) et les principales caractéristiques des tumeurs malignes (localisation, type histologique) ont été explorées. Les variables ont été comparées selon le sexe à l’aide du test T de Student. Résultats : Nous avons colligé 79 patients âgés en moyenne de 56 ans. La prédominance féminine était nette (sex ratio = 0,55). Les femmes étaient à 90,2 % sans emploi tandis que la proportion d’hommes sans emploi s’élevait à 60,7 % (p = 0,004). Les hommes étaient tous fumeurs alors que la majorité des femmes chiquaient le tabac. Chez les sujets masculins, les cancers de la langue étaient les plus fréquents (32,1 %), suivis des cancers du palais et des cancers de la joue. Chez les femmes, les localisations les plus fréquentes étaient les lèvres (37,3 %), la joue et la gencive. Les hommes ont consulté à des stades plus avancés que les femmes. Le carcinome épidermoïde était prédominant dans les deux sexes. Conclusion : Le bas niveau socio-économique joue probablement un rôle important dans cette prédominance féminine

Breast cancer: descriptive profile of 80 women attending breast cancer care in the Department of General and Digestive Surgery of CHU-YO

Introduction: Breast cancer is a common cause of death among women in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study was to determine a descriptive profile of 80 women and establish a description of risk factors associated with breast cancer in these women. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited women with breast cancer in Ouagadougou. Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo in Burkina Faso from January 2015 to February 2016. We have collected data on socio-demographic characteristics, reproductive status, clinical information, treatment and molecular characteristics. Results: The average age of the study population was 48.2±12.4 years. Family history of breast cancer was reported in 18.75% of the studied participants against 16.25% family history for other types of cancer. Patients from urban areas represented 87.5% of our studied population with 58.75% of household, multiparous (55.0%), no aborts status (56.2%), post-menopausal women (53.75%), no oral contraception (63.75%), regular menstrual cycle (71.25%) and the prevalence of obesity was 12.5%. The clinical and molecular characteristics showed that left-sided breast cancer accounted for 51.25 %, high grade (II and III) represented 93.75 % of cases and the majority of tumors were infiltrating ductal carcinomas (93.75%) with stages III and IV accounted for 50.0%. Conclusion: This study described the distribution of risks factors in a population of breast cancer women. Although more research are needed to support these findings, a clear understanding of risk factors associated with breast cancer would contribute to significantly reduce breast cancer incidence and mortality in Burkina Faso

Glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1) and T1 (GSTT1) variants and breast cancer risk in Burkina Faso

Breast cancer remains the most common cause of cancer mortality in women. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between genetic variability in GSTM1 and GSTT1 and susceptibility to breast cancer

Cervical Cancer Induced by Human Papillomaviruses in the Context of Africa: Contribution of Genomics

In recent years, Africa has been increasingly involved in biotechnology and genomics. However, this interest is much more accentuated in the field of agriculture. From published studies, we know that biotechnology and genomics can be of great interest in the health field. Africa would, therefore, benefit from investing in these disciplines, especially since the continent is facing several pandemics and epidemics. The objective of this chapter is to make a review of the applications in genomics already existing in Africa, particularly in Burkina Faso, to show the interest of genomics in the field of health by taking into account the context of developing countries and to specify the possible applications of genomics in the fight against papillomaviridae and their associated cancer